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Farmers' knowledge of major insect pests and their occurrence in cocoa plantations in Ghana as well as common practices of farmers to control these pests were assessed. It was found that 52%, 41%, ...

African smallholders face few opportunities that can be captured through new technologies alone. Analysis of the institutional context in which they work opens new pathways for innovation. This article synthesises nine studies that attempted such analysis. Using mixed appraisal methods, the studies identify institutional conditions that explain the, often unsatisfactory, outcomes of smallholders, as well as entry points for changing them. Instead of at the farm or community levels, Participatory Innovation System Analysis seeks at higher levels to identify actors, networks and mechanisms that maintain or can change the “pervasive bias against the small farm sector” in SSA.Defier le « biais omnipresent » a l'encontre des petits cultivateurs africains: identifier les points d'entree pour les changements institutionnelsLes petits cultivateurs africains ont a leur disposition peu d'opportunites qui puissent etre saisies par le seul biais des nouvelles technologies. Une analyse du contexte institutionnel dans ...