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The aim of this study was to detect the frequency, time of occurrence, management and outcome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and related complications in pediatric renal transplant recipients.Pediatric renal allograft recipients transplanted between August 1994 and December 2011 at our hospital was evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups; Groups 1 and 2 were composed of patients transplanted before and after November 2007, respectively, when plasma EBV DNA levels were periodically measured.The study included 166 children, 89 (53.6%) boys, with a mean age of 12.2 ± 3.8 years. Prior to transplantation, 144 patients (86.7%) were EBV seropositive. Within a median follow-up period of 36 months, 11 of 22 seronegative children (50%) developed primary EBV infection. EBV reactivation was observed in 23 of 144 children (15.9%). Two patients with primary infection developed post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, one of whom died. Elevated serum creatinine levels or graft loss were not observed in any patient with EBV reactivation.EBV DNA monitoring by PCR in high-risk pediatric renal transplant recipients will provide early diagnosis and treatment of EBV infections.

The present study describes chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Origanum bilgeri, which is endemic for Turkey. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and components of the essential oil were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The major component of O. bilgeri essential oil was carvacrol (84.8 %) and p-cymene (4.0 %), γ-terpinene (3.3 %) were the other components. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was investigated against standard control and resistant strains, using disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. O. bilgeri essential oil showed very strong antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogenic bacteria except P. aeruginosa. Especially, it is important that the essential oil was more effective than antibiotics tested against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE).