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This study explored intentional ad-viewing on digital video-sharing platforms and focused on a novel type of ad-viewing behavior to support video creators. In-depth interviews with 20 YouTube users...

A recent study revealed that poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) bound to poly(A) RNA exhibits a sharply bent configuration at the linker region between RNA-recognition motif 2 (RRM2) and RRM3, whereas free PABP exhibits a highly flexible linear configuration. However, the physiological role of the bent structure of mRNA-bound PABP remains unknown. We investigated a role of the bent structure of PABP by constructing a PABP variant that fails to form the poly(A)-dependent bent structure but maintains its poly(A)-binding activity. We found that the bent structure of PABP/poly(A) complex is required for PABP's efficient interaction with eIF4G and eIF4G/eIF4E complex. Moreover, the mutant PABP had compromised translation activation function and failed to augment the formation of 80S translation initiation complex in an in vitro translation system. These results suggest that the bent conformation of PABP, which is induced by the interaction with 3′ poly(A) tail, mediates poly(A)-dependent translation by facilitating the interaction with eIF4G and the eIF4G/eIF4E complex. The preferential binding of the eIF4G/eIF4E complex to the bent PABP/poly(A) complex seems to be a mechanism discriminating the mRNA-bound PABPs participating in translation from the idling mRNA-unbound PABPs.

This study investigates whether adult second language learners’ online processing of wh-dependencies is constrained by island constraints on movement. Proficiency-matched Spanish and Korean learners of English completed a grammaticality judgment task and a stop-making-sense task designed to examine their knowledge of the relative clause island constraint and their sensitivity to this constraint in online wh-dependency formation. The results showed that both learner groups have knowledge of the island constraint in English. However, unlike the Spanish speakers, who immediately applied the constraint to prevent the formation of an ungrammatical wh-dependency, the Korean speakers showed evidence of temporarily entertaining an ungrammatical dependency. These findings suggest that the properties of the native language influence the online processing of L2 sentences.

A commercial modified glyoxal-based resin product is used for the chemical end-finish of linen and ramie fabrics in wet fixation with standard curing time. The finishing technology recommended by the manufacturer significantly spoils the tensile and tearing properties, and decreases the resilience of the fabrics, and results in a considerable increase exclusively in wet crease recovery angle. The ramie is more sensitive to the applied finishing and expresses a greater strength loss than linen. Concentration of resin and acid has significant effect on both tensile and crease recovery properties, while concentration of the softener affects only the resilience of the fabrics.

The SrTiO3 Thin films were deposited on Pt/SiO2/Si by ECR-PEMOCVD and their dielectric properties were investigated as a function of composition. The chemical bonding states of elements consisting these films were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Discrete Variational (DV)Xα simulation. The asymmetry of composition dependence on dielectric properties was explained by the XPS data. Further, effectiveness of NH3 carrier gas over Ar to deposit SrTiO3 is discussed in detail. Based on these data, the thickness dependence of dielectric constant of BST films was explained.