1. Assessing the fitness of distinct clades of influenza A (H9N2) viruses
- Author
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Sonnberg, Stephanie, Van de Velde, Lee Ann, Baranovich, Tatiana, Bridges, Olga, Burnham, Andrew, Carey, David, Cline, Troy D., Crumpton, Jeri C., DeBeauchamp, Jennifer, Duan, Susu, Ducatez, Mariette F., Elbahesh, Husni, KOÇER, ZEYNEP AHSEN, Fabrizio, Thomas P., Forrest, Heather L., Franks, John, Freiden, Pamela, Govorkova, Elena A., Guan, Yi, Jeevan, Trushar, Jones, Jeremy C., Kaplan, Bryan S., Karlsson, Erik A., Kercher, Lisa A., Krauss, Scott, Little, Beth, Marathe, Bindumadhav M., McClaren, Jennifer L., Meliopoulos, Victoria A., O'Brien, Kevin B., Oguin, Thomas H., Oshansky, Christine M., Peiris, J. S. Malik, Prevost, Kristi, Rubrum, Adam, Russell, Charles J., Sanders, Catherine J., Seiler, Patrick, Seufzer, Bradley J., Shanmuganatham, Karthik K., Stoner, Terri D., Turner, Jasmine, Thomas, Paul G., Schultz-Cherry, Stacey, Zaraket, Hassan, Zanin, Mark, Yoon, Sun-Woo, Wong, Sook-San, Webster, Robert G., Webby, Richard J., Van de Velde, Nicholas C., Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, NIH/NIAID [HHSN266200700005C], and American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities at St Jude
- Subjects
zoonose ,grippe ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,viruses ,animal diseases ,Immunology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Zoonotic disease ,zoonotic disease ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,antivirals ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Clade ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetics ,Domestic avian species ,0303 health sciences ,risk assessment ,virus diseases ,Influenza a ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,virus pathogène ,antiviral ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,Diverse population ,Original Article ,Parasitology ,influenza ,évaluation des risques ,human activities ,viral pathogenicity - Abstract
International audience; Influenza A (H9N2) viruses are a genetically diverse population that infects wild and domestic avian species and mammals and contributed the internal gene segments to the A/H5N1 and A/H7N9 viruses associated with lethal human infections. Here we comprehensively assess the potential risk to mammals of a diverse panel of A/H9N2 viruses, representing the major H9N2 clades, using a combination of in vitro assays (e.g., antiviral susceptibility and virus growth in primary differentiated human airway cells) and in vivo assays (e. g., replication, transmission and/or pathogenicity of viruses in ducks, pigs, mice and ferrets). We observed that viruses isolated from humans, A/Hong Kong/1073/1999 and A/Hong Kong/33982/2009, had the highest risk potential. However, the A/swine/Hong Kong/9A-1/1998 and A/chicken/Hong Kong/G9/1997 viruses also displayed several features suggesting a fitness profile adapted to human infection and transmission. The North American avian H9N2 clade virus had the lowest risk profile, and the other viruses tested displayed various levels of fitness across individual assays. In many cases, the known genotypic polymorphisms alone were not sufficient to accurately predict the virus' phenotype. Therefore, we conclude that comprehensive risk analyses based on surveillance of circulating influenza virus strains are necessary to assess the potential for human infection by emerging influenza A viruses.
- Published
- 2013