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To arrange the uncategorised and unlabelled data into different clusters and finding the actual label of each datum from the huge volume by extracting useful and unique information is a real challenge. In this article, an automatic clustering by elitism-based multi-objective differential evolution (AC-EMODE) algorithm has been proposed to deal with partitioning the data into different clusters. This work includes three objectives to handle complex datasets. This generates a suitable Pareto front by simultaneously optimising three objectives. In addition to that, a very effective concept is followed for getting the best solution from the optimal Pareto front. A comparative analysis of the proposed approach with another six population-based methods has been carried out. These techniques are applied to ten datasets and the results reveal that the proposed approach can be considered as one of the alternative powerful methods for all data clustering applications in various fields.

Cost-efficient next generation sequencers can now produce unprecedented volumes of raw DNA data, posing challenges for annotation. Supervised machine learning approaches have been traditionally used to analyse and annotate complex genomic information. However, such approaches require labelled data for training, which in practice is scarce or expensive, while the unlabelled data is abundant. For some problems, semi-supervised learning can help improve supervised classifiers by making use of large amounts of unlabelled data and the latent information within them. We evaluate the applicability of semi-supervised learning algorithms to the problem of DNA sequence annotation, specifically to the prediction of alternatively spliced exons. We employ Expectation Maximisation, Self-training, and Co-training algorithms in an effort to assess the strengths and limitations of these techniques in the context of alternative splicing.

Network security plays a very important role in today's web enabled world. In the 21st century, network traffic has increased because of the enormous growth in online users and their online communication. The number of security attacks is an increased with increase in internet users. The frequency and severity of such attacks have shown a great impact on network performance. Many classical machine learning algorithms have been proposed to solve the problem of intrusion detection with varying levels of success. Nowadays, availability of libelled data is a big issue. It is not only time consuming, but also expensive. Semi-supervised learning methods can make use of unlabelled examples in addition to the labelled ones. The developing field of semi-supervised learning, offers a promising direction for supplementary research. In this paper, we introduce a new semi-supervised mechanism for intrusion detection, which efficiently reduces false alarms, still maintaining a high detection rate. In our proposed semi-supervised learning approach, only a small quantity of labelled data and a large amount of unlabelled data has been used. This will improve the overall network security by reducing the security administrator's efforts and making the alert mechanism more practical.

Moreover, the large amount of textual knowledge in the existing biomedical literature is growing rapidly, and the creation of manual patterns from the available literature is becoming more difficult. There is an increasing demand to extract potential generic regulatory relationships from unlabelled data sets. In this paper, we describe a Semi-Supervised, Weighted Pattern Learning method (SSWPL) to extract such generic regulatory information from the literature. SSWPL can build new regulatory patterns according to predefined initial patterns from unlabelled data in the literature. These constructed regulatory patterns are then used to extract generic regulatory information from PubMed abstracts. The results presented herein demonstrate that our method can be utilised to effectively extract generic regulatory relationships from the literature by using learned, weighted patterns through semi-supervised pattern learning.

There are a number of approaches to classify text documents. Here, we use Partially Supervised Classification (PSC) and argue that it is an effective and efficient approach for real-world problems. PSC uses a two-step strategy to cut down on the labelling effort. There are a number of methods that have been proposed for each step. An evaluation of various methods is conducted using real-world medical documents. The results show that using EM to build the classifier yields better results than SVM. We also experimentally show that careful selection of a subset of features to represent the documents can improve performance.