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Environmental decisions do not exist as such, but are always embedded in a development process. Therefore, decisions must take into account the complexity that arises from the field of environmental sciences and of the economic and social context of the decision. Under these conditions, sciences (geoscience, bioscience, economics…) participate in the definition of the limits of the decision space, and respond to questions from social bodies. This requires a new approach from scientists, that we call expert advice, both to facilitate the integration of the knowledge in decision-making processes and communication at an interdisciplinary level.