Search

Background: Worldwide, intestinal parasitic infections are major causeof human mortality and morbidity especially among developing countries wherein publichealth standards are not much better like developed countries. Intestinal parasiticinfections are linked with poor sanitation, lack of safe drinking water, inadequate dietaryand cultural habits and climate conditions. Objective: To assess the frequency, riskfactors and clinical manifestations related to intestinal parasite infections in patients withgastrointestinal disorders. Study Design: Cross-sectional multi-centre study. Setting:Department of Medicines, Chandka Medical College Larkana and Civil Hospital, KhairpurMirs. Period: 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017. Method: 260 patients, the patientswith gastrointestinal disorders presenting one or more symptoms (e.g. diarrhea, dysentery,abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, cramping and constipation) were included.Results: Frequency of intestinal parasites was 32.3%. The most common parasites wereEntamoeba histolytica (10.4%), Giardia lamblia (8.5%) and Hymenolepis nana (6.9%). Age,education, monthly income and contact with animal were significantly associated withintestinal parasite infections. Concerning symptoms, the presence of intestinal parasitesinfection was significantly associated with diarrhea and dysentery. Conclusion: Studyconcluded that most prevalent parasites were Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lambliaand Hymenolepis nana. Significant association was found in age, education and monthlyincome.

Introduction: Pancytopenia is said to exist in an adult when the hemoglobin level is less than 13.5gm/dl in males and 1 l.5gm/dlin females, white cell count less than 4xl09IL and platelet count less than 150x109/L1. The causes of pancytopenia are aplastic anemia, subleukemicleukemia, myelodysplasia2 multiple myeloma, nutritional deficiencies leading to megaloblastic anemia, hypersplenism, paroxysmalnocturnal hemoglobinuria, AIDS, infections such as miliary tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, brucellosis etc. Objectives: To determine the frequencyof various causes of pancytopenia in gender at Chandka Medical College, Larkana. Study design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: OPD &Medical Ward-ll, Chandka Medical College Hospital Larkana. Duration with dates: 01 years study from February 2007 to February 2008.Subject and methods: Patients of either sex, who attended medical ward-ll of Chandka Medical College Hospital Larkana, either as inpatientor out patient department, from February 2007 to February 2008 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were included in this study. Pancytopeniawas considered as hemoglobin value less than 13.5gm/dl in males or 11.5gm/dl in females, a white cell count less than 4x109/L and Plateletscount less than 150x109/L. Patients of less than 12 years and pregnant females were excluded from the study. Result: Out of 40 patients, 29(72.5%) were males and 11 (27.5%) were females. Female to male ratio was 1:2.6. The mean ages of males were 29.10 ± 16.46 years whereasof females 36.14 ± 15.6 years (P = 0.22). Aplastic anemia was the most common pathology encountered and was diagnosed in 13 cases(31.5%), followed by hypersplenism 09 (22.9%), Megaloblastic anemia 06 (15%) and hodgkin's lymphoma in 04 (10%) cases. Other lesscommon causes detected were multiple myeloma 02 (5%), drug induced 02 (5%) and malaria, milliary tuberculosis, myelodysplastic syndrome,hemophagocytic syndrome was 01 (2.5%) case in each. Conclusion: We concluded that aplastic anemia was the most common cause in ourpatients and more than 2/3rd patients were young males. We think the causes of aplastic anemia in this study may be misuse of drugs, kushtas,exposure to chemicals and viral infections.