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Access to electricity is vital for economic development. Developing countries around the world have made various effort to improve electrcity access. In order to improve electrcity access, the obstacles need to be properly identified. Nigeria’s electrcity access have been low for a very long time with no improvement in sight. This paper examined the obstacles hindering the improvement of electricity access in Nigeria. The obstacles identified includes; low efficiency and performance, security of fuel source for power generation, data inadequacy, regulatory barriers, lack of institutional arrangement, poor grid structure, delapidated transmission and distribution network, low financial investment, lack of policy and project continuity. A way forward was presented in order to improve electricity access in Nigeria.

The Brazilian electricity sector has witnessed numerous technological changes and has evolved to become a global leader in clean technology sales, both to the domestic and foreign market. A lot of factors contributed to the innovative activities in its electricity sector which includes both government and FDI contribution. This paper reviewed the past and current technology innovation in the country’s electricity sector with some concentration on the patent, and research and development. Some advanced economy such as Korea, USA, Japan, Germany and France were also compared in reference to their patent data, policies and renewable energy attractiveness to identify the options that contributes to their innovative capability in renewable energy technologies. Some policy recommendations were provided in order to foster innovation in Brazil.