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Network reliability is very important for the next generation of optical networks. In this paper, a highly reliable protection mechanism, which integrates the approaches of optical protection and microwave protection, is proposed for metro-access optical networks based on the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique. By designing a scheme for the convergence of optical and wireless access and cooperating with designed remote nodes (RNs), not only can access for both wired and wireless service be provided simultaneously in each optical network unit (ONU) but also microwave protection can be realized when a failure occurs in a distribution segment. By developing a novel optical switch module (OSM) to cooperate with the dual-fiber ring structure, flexible switching can be achieved to protect against multiple types of failures in the feeder segment, including single-fiber faults, dual-fiber faults and multifiber faults. Based on the above structure, the influence of Rayleigh backscattering (RB) noise can be mitigated when the network is operating under all operating scenarios except for an inner-fiber fault. To further mitigate the influence of noise, optimization for upstream transmission performance is implemented by configuring a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA). Furthermore, the feasibility of the overall scheme is verified through experiments and simulations under different operating conditions. The results show that the proposed mechanisms can achieve acceptable bit error rate performance and quality of service (QoS) metrics while also offering various advantages, including high reliability, large scale, and a relatively low cost.

In this letter, we design and experimentally demonstrate a four-channel full-band wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device based on multimode interference in the silicon dioxide material platform. The simulation and performance analysis of WDM devices are carried out by the beam propagation method and finite-difference time-domain method. With a simple structure, the device is in small size, and easy to implement in process. The experimental results show that the device achieves a wavelength separation of 1.28, 1.34, 1.52, and 1.58 μm. The insertion losses and a contrast between two channels are also displayed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]