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Pneumonia is a common disease in patients. This paper discusses the signal processing techniques of electrocardiogram (ECG) and the statistical analysis of myocardial enzymes in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pneumonia and analyzes its significance. Detecting the activity of creatine kinase (CK), isoenzyme (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin T (CTnT) before and after treatment in patients with pneumonia and recording the changes of the electrocardiogram with non-invasive bedside conventional electrocardiogram can be useful for medical diagnosis. In addition, in order to eliminate the ECG signal noise to improve the accuracy of analysis and diagnosis, we have introduced a Butterworth filter to achieve the suppression of interference signals. Moreover, the Butterworth filter method is used to denoise the ECG signal, and the selection of wavelet function, the analysis of noise frequency band, and the threshold processing are solved accordingly. This method has the characteristics of simple calculation and fast processing speed. It can effectively suppress baseline drift noise and improve the overall operation speed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can well filter baseline drift, power frequency interference, EMG interference, and other high-frequency interference in ECG signals, and the real-time performance of the Butterworth filter method in the sampling process has good performance, which provides help for diagnosis. Via comparing and analyzing different ECG signal parameters between the groups, the serum levels of CK, CK-MB, and troponin are demonstrated to be significantly increased with the severity of the disease in patients with pneumonia. Abnormal changes in the ECG indicate that the myocardium may be affected after pneumonia in patients. The detection of CK-MB and troponin levels in the serum of patients with pneumonia has very high sensitivity and specificity. Recording electrocardiogram has good intuitive utility. ECG and myocardial enzyme monitoring are of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of the development of the disease in patients with pneumonia.