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The propagation of high-frequency electromagnetic plane wave in the dielectric is complex, and the energy distribution is uneven after scattering. Aimed at these problems, the propagation of high-frequency electromagnetic plane wave (microwave) in dielectric is researched in this paper by finite element software ANSYS. The electromagnetic scattering results are obtained by establishing and solving three models of concrete, steel bar - concrete and steel bar - air. There is a phenomenon that the energy in dielectric has concentrative energy band structure. The steel bar will scatter fiercely if it is placed in the region of energy band in dielectric. Several examples are shown in the paper, and the steps and the issues which should be paid attention to in three-dimension high-frequency simulation are introduced in detail. The results and data of the experiment establish foundation for detecting metal in dielectric by microwave.

In the application of finite difference time domain (FDTD) method to simulate high frequency electromagnetic field distribution in space, not only the contribution of the incident electromagnetic waves, but also influence of reflection electromagnetic waves should be considered. Two kinds of typical absorbing boundary conditions algorithm of the FDTD method are present, which are PML absorbing boundary conditions and Mur's absorbing boundary conditions. Based upon the programming language of MATLAB, the FDTD method is realized. Comparisons of the PML absorbing boundary and Mur's absorbing boundary are made by the simulation of two-dimensional electromagnetic, and the PML absorbing boundary shows more valid in theory and simulation.