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HK-2/HK-1 stacked dielectric was proposed as the gate dielectric for sub-20 nm FinFET technology. Compared to single HK-1 dielectric, the stacked gate dielectric exhibits superior performance in terms of improved drive current by 20∼22% and increased transconductance by ∼22%. The main reason accounting for the better performance, besides the higher gate capacitance by 4%, is the enhanced carrier mobility by ∼33% resulting from less remote scattering due to smaller amount of charged oxygen vacancies which was physically confirmed by EELS and XPS. Owing to the reduced oxygen vacancies, from bias temperature instability and lifetime test, the stacked gate dielectric demonstrates augmented reliability as well. Most importantly, HK-1 and HK-2 are common dielectrics completely compatible with typical processes, rendering the stacked dielectric a promising one for next-generation FinFETs technology.

The innovative exploitation of network coding technology could bring great design advantages to MANETs. First, wireless links are inherently lossy due to channel fading or interference. Second, the delivery condition of the route from the source to each receiver in a multicast transmission might be significantly distinct. Trying to satisfy the reliability requirement for the poorly-connected receivers may affect the performance of the rest of the receivers. In this paper, we present a tree-based multicast protocol, which exploits the characteristics of network coding to provide efficient and reliable multicast. A metric, named Receiving Probability (RP), is proposed to represent the probability for a node in a multicast tree to successfully receive a packet sent by the multicast source. To mitigate the distinctions among the receivers, the proposed multicast protocol aims to construct multiple trees such that the RP of each receiver satisfies a predefined threshold. Besides, since seldom redundant packets are generated with random network coding, by applying random network coding to these constructed multiple trees, differently coded packets can be transmitted on multiple trees, and the throughput of the reliable multicast can be improved. Simulation results show that the average throughput can be enhanced 30% and the throughput of the poorly-connected receivers can be enhanced 100% with our protocol, compared to a recent work.

In this paper, we proposed a scaling algorithm based on inverse square law for bilinear interpolation. In order to use inverse square law, we modify bilinear interpolation. The image quality was compared with those of the conventional image scaling algorithms with Matlab. From the result, proposed algorithm has good quality and high sharpness. Our proposed algorithm uses 12 pixels of original image to calculate one pixel of scaled image. Our proposed algorithm has low complexity. We implemented a hardware design of inverse square law for bilinear using FPGA and display some test sense in an LCD (liquid crystal display) panel using a DVI (digital visual interface). It is verified that proposed algorithm has real-time image scaling.

A 6-bit 500-Ms/s digital self-calibrated pipelined A/D converter is presented. Employing open-loop amplifiers in one bit conversion per stage architecture, the circuit operates in high speed and low power consumption. Using constant-g/sub m/ biasing technique, the open loop amplifier is process-and-temperature insensitive. Comparator offset and full-scale error are removed by digital self-calibrated correction mechanism. Designed by a 0.18-/spl mu/m technology, the A/D converter operates at 500-MHz clock rate while dissipating 47 mW. The FFT simulation result shows that the SNDR is 33.52 dB at 51-MHz input frequency and 500-MSPS conversion rate.