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We analyze the influence of dimensionality on optoelectronic properties of heterojunction core–shell nanowires (CSNWs) as subwavelength optical cavities. We discuss how the transition rates change with respect to electron distribution and identify three factors explicitly contributed to the transition rates with strong dependence on dimensionality. These results explain the great increase in optical gain and quantum efficiency of CSNWs and enable new classes of submicrometer-scale optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]