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Production of over-dense plasmas by launching 2.45 GHz microwaves under very low field conditions has been successfully demonstrated on CHS.1 In the experiment, microwaves systems were arranged to aim at taking place mode conversion of launched electron cyclotron wave effectively into electron Bernstein wave (EBW). One system (ECH#1) is launched nearly perpendicularly to the toroidal field, where FX-B conversion scenario is expected. Another (ECH#2) is launched obliquely for O-X-B conversion scenario. This experiment aims at clarifying the excitation, propagate and absorption of mode converted EBW. Power deposition profiles in produced over-dense plasmas were measured directly by using power modulation technique at various magnetic configurations where electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) and upper hybrid resonance (UHR) layers were scanned in space widely.2 Figure 1 is radial profile of electron temperature T e , electron density n e and electron pressure p e . This figure also shows the response in p e to ECH#1 or ECH#2 source p e , and the coherence γp e 2 and phase difference between δ p e and the modulated ECH power Φ pe at B t /B res = 100%. Electron density exceeds 2–3 times O-mode cutoff density (n co ∼ 7.5×1016m−3). Power deposition profile corresponds to Φ pe -profile and the peak position is in over-dense region. Similarly, it was investigated in the cases of B t /B res = 70%, 50% and 20%.

There are several important roles for the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) methods in helical-type plasma experimental devices. One is to produce high-temperature and high-density current-free plasmas. Another is additional heating of electrons and resulting ion heating through equipartition. Plasma temperature and current profile controls with highly localized heating become advanced techniques to improve plasma confinement and to suppress some MHD instabilities. ECRH is also an ultimate candidate of a steady-state plasma sustainment.

The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) was developed and provided to NASA's EOS Aqua satellite by the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). AMSR-E is the modified version of AMSR onboard the Advanced Earth Orbiting Satellite-II (ADEOS-II, currently called the Midori-II). AMSR-E has been in operation since June 2002 and providing continuous data record. This paper presents the status of post-launch calibration and data evaluation of the instrument.

The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) aboard the Advanced Earth Orbiting Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) and AMSR-E aboard the AQUA have an ability to observe sea surface temperature (SST) through clouds. An accuracy of observed SST is 0.64 C estimated by comparing with oceanic buoy's SST. Spatial resolution of two AMSRs' SST is about 50 km, which is determined by AMSR's antenna diameter.

Summary form only given, as follows. A tunnel kiln heated only by microwaves has been developed. The industrial ceramics are sintered continuously in the roller hearth. The minimum sintering time is an hour which is shorter than the time in the fastest conventional tunnel kiln with electric heaters. The maximum processing rate is 50 kg/hour. The dimensions of the tunnel are 0.3 m /spl times/ 0.3 m cross section and 6 m length of heating zone. The 60 magnetron generates 53 kW in total at 2.45 GHz. The thickness of the double layer thermal insulating wall varied to get a temperature gradient from 500 degC at the entrance to 1300 degC at the top zone along the tunnel axis. The work pieces were carried with the speed at which the temperature of them can synchronize to that of the inner most tunnel wall to ensure the adiabatic thermal insulation criteria. The work pieces would have body heating uniformly by microwave. The kiln will be applicable to many kinds of ceramics just by tuning up the speed or microwave power.

Summary form only given. The electric field is uniform in the tunnel. The kiln has a blanket with double layer thermal insulation. Varying the thermal insulator can create the temperature gradient. The inner layer is made of mulite base cement. The loss tangent of it is the order of 10/sup -2/ which is equivalent to the work pieces. The microwave reflects on the metallic wall of the tunnel repeatedly and electric field intensity is expected to be uniform in it. The outer layer is thermal insulator made of alumina/silica fiberboard. The thickness of it varied along the axis to increase the temperature of the wall as illustrated.

The high power and steady state ICRF system for the LHD has been being developed and tested. The wide band transmitter having a double coaxial output cavity is constructed and tested. 1.2 MW CW operation was achieved. The water cooled transmission line and tuners have been tested successfully. The fast wave ICRF antenna of the LHD has been designed and the steady state test on the R&D antenna has been carried out.

The application of microwaves for sintering traditional ceramic materials has been studied at both 84 GHz and 2.45 GHz. The 2.45 GHz microwave radiation can sinter traditional ceramics under the adequate thermal insulation and conventional microwave scattering methods can be used to reduce the standing mode effect.

An on-chip automatic erase technique using an internal voltage generator has been developed and has proved to operate well in 1-Mb-flash EEPROM. This technology permits accurate control of erasure and guarantees the performance after erasure of the true single-transistor-per-cell type of flash EEPROM. Device implementation is described