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The scientific evaluation of water resources and the effective development and rational utilization of water resources are order to achieve coordinated development among regional economy, environment and society, and to meet different water departments' needs for the water resource in immediate and long-term different times. In this paper, based on matter-element theory model, the author evaluated development of water resources in Xi'an. It was found that the Reliability of evaluation results of the level of regional water resources sustainable utilization was more improved by the method, Matter-element evaluation. It is that by means of the method, the degree of water resources development in Xi'an reached the second grade. Compared with the facts, the conclusion is more reliable. Matter-element evaluation method provides a theoretical basis for sustainable utilization of regional water resources.