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In recent years, structured application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design style has lessened the importance of mask cost. Multiple structured ASIC chip designs share the same pre-fabricated device and wire masks. Nevertheless, the interconnection delay in a pre-fabricated wire slows down circuit performance as a result of high capacitive load. We propose a dual-rail routing architecture that reduces wire delay by 10% to 15% compared to the original routing architecture. Furthermore, we propose a dual-rail insertion algorithm to reduce routing area overhead. The experimental results demonstrate that our dual-rail technique reduces wire delay by 9.8% with 4.8% routing area overhead and improves overall circuit performance by 7.0%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An active shape model segmentation scheme is presented that is steered by optimal local features, contrary to normalized first order derivative profiles, as in the original formulation [Cootes and Taylor, 1995, 1999, and 2001]. A nonlinear kNN-classifter is used, instead of the linear Mahalanobis distance, to find optimal displacements for landmarks. For each of the landmarks that describe the shape, at each resolution level taken into account during the segmentation optimization procedure, a distinct set of optimal features is determined. The selection of features is automatic, using the training images and sequential feature forward and backward selection. The new approach is tested on synthetic data and in four medical segmentation tasks: segmenting the right and left lung fields in a database of 230 chest radiographs, and segmenting the cerebellum and corpus callosum in a database of 90 slices from MRI brain images. In all cases, the new method produces significantly better results in terms of an overlap error measure (p < 0.001 using a paired T-test) than the original active shape model scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which hypothesized that frequency domain analysis of an interatrial atrial fibrillation (AF) electrogram would show a correlation between AF signal and defibrillation efficacy. Methods used; Measurement of the AF organization and efficacy of atrial defibrillation; Analysis of the filtered atrial waveform.

Provides information on a study that described the atrial fibrillation (AF) as a random or chaotic rhythm. Description of the experimental preparation; Verification of the algorithm for AF; Comparison of the algorithm with activation space constant (ASC) and coherence.

Presents a study which examines the hypothesis that atrial fibrillation (AFib) can be discriminated from the regular atrial rhythms by the measuring of variation in local activation direction. Information on the methodology used in the study; Indications of the results of the study.