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Symbol and data are two cores of GIS and mapping systems. However, with the full sharing of geographical data, symbol information is not shared synchronously and there is a large number of low-level duplication in the process of making symbols. Based on symbol sharing problem among different systems, point symbols will be taken as a breakthrough to study symbol sharing between CAD and GIS, and to provide the mapping mechanism from CAD symbols to TrueType fonts. Experiment validates the feasibility of sharing between CAD blocks and TrueType-based GIS point symbols and offer approach for one map symbol library with multi-usage.

The formal representation of topological relations plays a very important role in process of spatial query, spatial analysis and spatial reasoning. Most current models support a single representation of geometry and topology at a fixed resolution. While it often happens that different applications take into consideration spatial data/topological relationship, with the same 3D scene date, under different viewpoints, in different geometric forms and/or with different resolutions. In this case, a topology model for multiple topological representations is needed. In this paper, we propose a new approach based on combinatorial maps, which focus on both multiple topological representations under the situation of LOD and Feature semantic/spatial aggregation and the consistency of topology.

Advances in embedded computing systems have resulted in the emergence of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which provide unique opportunities for sensing physical environment of our daily lives. ZigBee-compliant WSN platforms have been proposed for Healthcare monitoring, smart home, industrial monitoring and sensor, and other applications. In this paper, we using TI CC2430 and CC2431 chipsets with Z-Stack designed an outdoor patients' healthcare monitoring system, for tracking patients, and helping doctors and nurses to keep tabs on their patients' health remotely. Furthermore, several important techniques are elaborated, including reliable communication, localization algorithm and backup power, which can enhance the system performance. Finally, presented some suggestions for future development are presented by us.

Topological relations are research focus in 3D GIS. Constructing nodes and arcs from curves, building the topological relations of these primitives with their parent geometry and other geometries, and forming the topological graph, are the basis of the calculation of topological relationship. The formal description and smallest set of topological relationships of 3D curves are given. The line segments intersection algorithm computational geometry and the traditional line segments intersection algorithm in GIS are discussed, and a new algorithm based on the monotone chains are proposed to building the topological graph. The method of curves splitting and intersection algorithm of curves are analyzed. Topological graph is constructed based on the label of the topological primitives. Then, a comparison between the monotone chains method and the tradition algorithm is listed. Some experiments are carried out to testify the algorithm performance.

Heat dissipation is an inevitable subject during the design of light emitting diode (LED) lighting, especially for museums and medical equipment. In this paper, a novel substrate technology for an effective solution to two major problems that affect the heat dissipation performance has been introduced. (1) The non-uniform junction temperature of the module across the LED arrays and the uneven operational temperature of LED arrays; (2) The high operational temperature caused by the accumulated heat. This new type of Vapor chamber substrate printed circuit board (PCB) consists of a thermally-conductive Vapor chamber substrate which is insulated by a dielectric layer of aluminum nitride (ALN). Circuit is formed on the dielectric layer with pulse magnetron sputtering technology. Experimental results in the form of average temperature show that the vapor chamber substrate PCB can improve the temperature uniformity. And good thermal performance for high power LED arrays can also be achieved.

A hybrid 3D spatial data structure for the integration of aboveground, ground and underground objects based on spatial cognition theory is proposed, which considers the space subdivision and topology completeness. Object-oriented method is used to abstract objects in real world which is defined into three levels. Geometry primitives and topology primitives are defined in this data structure. Topology is the option of the geometry. The geometry information can be coded in a binary method to store in the relation database. An experiment is designed to integrate the buildings, terrain, and geological stratification seamlessly. The data structure could express aboveground, ground and underground objects effectively.

The remarkable characteristic of lighting system based on Digital Addressable Lighting Interface is panorama supervised which results from feedback control. This paper proposes the three-state feedback mechanism and the relative system consists of master units, slave units and a graphical user interface (GUI) for inputting parameters and supervising the detail of system. Slave units include standard slave units and feedback slave units which have AT90PWM2 controller. Built upon this system, the three-state feedback mechanism takes the feedback comprising the states of controller unit, implementation unit and controlled object unit according to the requirement of lighting protocol. Experimental results will be provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Heat dissipation is a very important subject during the design of RGB-LED backlighting system on LCD because the heat produced by modern LEDs themselves can excessively influence their characteristics. This paper reports on a new substrate technology that offers significant benefits over conventional polymer-based insulated metal substrates (IMS). This new type of insulated aluminum substrate printed circuit board (PCB) consists of a thermally-conductive aluminum alloy substrate that insulated by a thin, chemically grown, anodized dielectric layer. Circuit is formed above the anodized layer with magnetron sputtering technology. The corresponding thermal resistances of the new and conventional insulated metal substrate printed circuit board (PCB) are measured to be 4.78°C /W and 7.61°C/W, respectively. More heat transfer means more reliable product, less light reduction and less material consumption because of eliminating the need for additional heat sinks.

The extended use of DMX512 protocol has been applied in many areas such as stage and theatre. While it has two inherent flaws in landscape lighting control: the quantitative limitation of control slots and slow bandwidth utilization ratio. This paper proposed the evolution of a management and control system for landscape lighting. By using the upper Internet management network, several lower DMX512 control networks can be connected to one computer to avoid the former flaw; based on the theory of scenes, the developed addressing way of logic group address enables the scene implemented with one packet of just two data slots. Not only can run with the Internet management network, the lower DMX512 control network can also work independently, actually it is compatible with the present standard DMX512 product.

Remote real-time surveillance systems are built in a network which improves the power of application. The image processing about moving objects tracked in the system is connected with network transfer. This essential part should be concerned primarily. This paper discusses the real-time problem in this kind of system, proposes image transfer solution about reference information from scene data acquisition, and builds three remote real-time surveillance systems based on LabVIEW and IMAQ Vision module by researching TCP and DataStocket protocol. Finally, the characters of three systems with virtual instruments are described and compared. Experimental results will be offered to verify the effectiveness of the proposed systems.

This paper first discusses the relationship between scale and spatial cognition, and then presents a new a hybrid data structure for integrated modeling of geographic 3D data, combining man-made and natural features above, in and below the earth surface. In this data structure, TIN/TEN approach is used to represent field objects and Boundary Representation approach is used to represent feature object. 3D combinatorial map is used to describe the topological relationships among geometry primitives. A prototype, taking man-made and natural features above, in and below the earth surface is also discussed.

The concept and classification of the Grid-enabled Spatial Information Workflow are proposed in this paper. The workflow modeling method based on the directed graph and spatial information workflow description method on the BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) specification are proposed. The spatial information workflow running process is discussed in detail. The prototype system is developed to verify the feasible of the grid-enabled spatial information workflow method.

The parameters setting of evaporation rate and initial pheromone value of ant colony optimization are studied in this paper. Theorem 1 shows that the pheromone increment is a value between g(smax) and g(smin), which provides theoretical basis for the setting of the low pheromone bound tau min. The estimation formula of evaporation rate p is given. The results are useful to understanding this algorithm and using it to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Results of simulation experiments testify the effectiveness of the conclusions.

The design scheme and related implement of a DALI (digital addressable lighting interface) lighting system which is more practical and efficient are described. With a view to the shortcoming of current application of DALI solutions, this paper discusses the design procedure which realizes the DALI communication based on ATMEGA8L and sets the lamps addresses from user setting in the slave unit itself, and takes advantages of the three-state mechanism of system, which consists of controller unit state, implementation state and target object state. Finally, three different sensor network solutions based on DALI system are proposed and compared in this paper.

This paper proposed a new method of real-time information monitoring and filtering for mobile short messaging service (SMS) system. This method implements the mobile SMS real-time monitoring and filtering by combining the Pinyin fuzzed keyword matching technology with dynamical adjustment of the userspsila credit-grade. This method firstly classifies the SMS into three categories: legal SMS, doubtful SMS and junk SMS, then creates the keyword dictionary by Bayesian learning and runs parallel real-time filtering on polynuclear hardware platform. It enhances the junk message interception rate and the processing speed of short message service center (SMSC), reduces the misjudgment rate for the monitoring center, and meanwhile gives consideration to interests of both the operators and customers.

Fingerprint repair is the post-processing stage of fingerprint recognition process, in which false characteristics left in the thinned pictures will be eliminated. A new fingerprint repair algorithm is proposed in this paper. In order to clear off false characteristics and repair the thinned image, a technology called ridge tracking is used to find out all the ridges on the image and then deal with them. Not only the lengths of the ridges but also their initial points and terminations are adopted to clear off false characteristics such as eyelet, short ridge, bridge, burr, ridge break and so on. The algorithm is realized through C++ programme design, mainly using the standard template library of it. The simulation results at the end have shown almost all false characteristics in the experiments are eliminated, which indicates the proposed algorithm is very effective.

On the basis of introducing the characteristics and the overall structure of home network technology, a household appliances control SoC (system on-a-chip) chip, HN600, is proposed according to the EIA600 protocol, which adopts 0.25mum process. The structure design of HN600 chip is presented first. Then from the interface module, program flow, receiving module and sending module, the IP data link layer of HN600 chip is discussed in detail. Limited state machines are employed to make the design work more clearly and easily. Before making wafer flow films, a FPGA simulation test is made to verify our design. Finally, a sample demo platform has been made to demonstrate the performance of our proposed chip and the experiment results show that the chip matches the standard of EIA600.

The DALI-protocol is a new standard for communication with electronic control gears in the lighting industry. Besides the background information and advantage, its electronic specification and communication specification are expounded. Then a design of Master-Slave module of DALI is presented in the paper, which realizes the DALI communication based on MC68HC908. The receiving and transmitting circuits in the module and the software frame are described with emphasis, which are designed according to the specification of DALI system and improved in some aspects. The module can also be applied in lighting control for conserving energy and more diversity and it will be more applicable with some special modifications for the popularity of DALI in the field of illumination.

The hardware and software method of developing EIB gateway based on Arm Linux is addressed after some summaries of the smart home development. Through establishment of serial communication by PEI16 handshake protocol, Home Web server by boa, and primitive database to access, a remote Ethernet access to EIB device node test was established, which proved the utility of EIB ARM Linux Server Gateway. A comparison of ARM Linux 2.4.18 kernel with 2.6.11 kernel on PEI16 handshake was performed and the result was analyzed. Finally a concreted implementation of the software module was detailed and results were given.

This paper introduced the improvement and trend of home network. After studying the CEBus standard and technology methods of embedded system's Internet accessing, an embedded gateway based on ARM for the home network was designed. In the design, using SoC chip designed for this project to connect CEBus and the home appliances at home helps users control them easily and remotely through the Internet.

A novel algorithm based on the hybrid of ant colony algorithm and BP algorithm (ACA-BP) is presented in this paper. It adopts ACA to search the optimal combination of weights in the solution space, and then uses BP to obtain the accurate optimal solutions. The proposed method can obtain better generalization ability. Compared with BP neural network, the ACA-BP neural network can achieve better performance in predicting the coal ash fusion temperature.

This paper solved the problem of how to connect DALI (digital addressable lighting interface) with Internet. A design of embedded DALI dimming controller which based on muC -Linux embedded operation system is presented, the hardware construction using ARM7 MCU and the software conversion between thin TCP/IP and DALI protocol are mainly expounded. The DALI receiving/transmitting circuits and the information frame are also introduced. The signals demonstrate that the DALI controller is designed according to the specification of DALI and improved in some aspects. This controller can be applied in an intelligent remote illumination control system, with the advantage of energy conserving and Internet visiting.

The robot soccer game based complex motion control has been widely studied for the moving object capture and shooting. A position prediction algorithm based on global vision is introduced in order to improve the accuracy and robustness of the vision system for tracking moving objects, including a Kalman filter, a dynamic window and an obstacle avoidance strategy. The novel method is successfully applied to the system for the dynamic capturing and shooting. The simulated experimental results show the proposed technique is effective.

ZigBee technology is a new standard in wireless personal area after bluetooth. After an introduction to this technology, a new wireless meter-reading system based on ZigBee protocol is presented. This system, which is comprised of ZigBee network and database management system, has many important advantages such as low cost, low power consumption, and low date rate.

European installation bus (EIB) is essentially similar to field bus. The communication model used in the system based on EIB protocol is based on the ISO/OSI reference model. The usage of CSMA/CA access mechanism greatly improved the credibility and utilization rate of the bus communication. EIB became dominated in home automation area in Europe because of its excellent performance. In this paper a switch module was developed based on MC68HC05 chip, which successfully communicated with EIB bus. Switch module is significant in scene control. The switch module was tested and communication telegrams were monitored. It made good preparation for further research and development.

Evaluation and optimization method on the operating cost and its saving in Internal Thermally Coupled Distillation Column (ITCDIC) processes for separating non-ideal mixtures is presented. A novel mathematical optimization model with rigorous tray by tray material and energy balances is derived. The optimization and the related process analysis are further carried out. The results reveal that the ITCDIC process of non-ideal mixture possesses an enormous potential of operating cost saving.

The delay-constrained minimum-cost multicast routing problem is known to be NP-complete. Currently many heuristic algorithms have been proposed, most of which are centralized, or centralized in nature. A completely distributed scheme based on ant colony optimization is proposed. In this scheme, no core node with the whole network topology information exists and the ants only use the local information of their current nodes to find the destinations. Combined the characteristics of multicast routing, the algorithm was improved, which accelerated the convergence speed and enhanced the quality of solution. The proposed scheme is easy to realize by three types of ants with simple structures. The scheme is loop-free and has small overhead compared with the flooding method. Simulation results show that the scheme is an effective distributed approach to multicast routing decision with delay constraint.

Real-time video streaming over the Internet often suffers from a kind of congestion on the bottleneck links caused by the video stream itself, a phenomenon so called self congestion. The motion compensation based video coding algorithms make video streams of variable bit-rate nature, which cause burst traffic, extra transmission delay, and even queue overflow of the bottleneck link and video data loss at the receiver thereafter. This makes self-congestion control a necessity for streaming video. In this paper, a sender-side optimized congestion control scheme for MPEG-4 fine granularity scalable (FGS) coding video stream is proposed. The scheme not only attempts to minimize the received video distortion at the receiver side, but also tries to maintain a smooth transmission rate in the network. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of the received video quality, the smoothness of video transmission rate, and the variance of the size of the bottleneck queue.

Firstly the increasing domestic demand and the developing situation of dejectas collecting device were analyzed briefly. A new design of the vacuum type dejectas collecting device was contrived. Then its structural characteristics, operation mode and testing were introduced.

With the rapid development of computer, communication, network and economics, home automation (HA) is stepping into our daily life. European Installation Bus (EIB) is an important standard in HA area. The first section describes the framework and the second section illuminates how EIB works. The following section provides an overview of EIB-IDE, the EIB-integrated development environment, which is the most effective tool to develop EIB application module. Finally the development process is demonstrated by an example of a simple application for one of the possible target devices.

Inherited from the successful design of the large paperless recorder, the intelligent small paperless recorder has a modular structure. It also employs the same data acquisition module as the large paperless recorder does. It has a menu driven GUI (full Chinese language), eight multi-purpose input channels (all user configurable), 16-channel relay outputs and 2-channel analog outputs (V/mA). Though a MCS51 based MCU is used as the main controller, the limitations of 64K RAM and ROM of this kind of MCU have been conquered through page mapping and code banking technologies. The paper describes how to accomplish this breakthrough from the aspects of hardware and software design.