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The Energy-Loss Function (ELF) of silicon has been used to calculate differential and total inelastic cross-sections of incident electrons. The model has been validated in the 16.7 eV-50 keV incident energy range by comparing the stopping powers, mean free paths and ranges to experimental and evaluated ICRU data. The cross sections were then used to simulate low-energy electron tracks in silicon using the Geant4-DNA toolkit. Generation of low-energy electrons are clearly seen. The obtained ranges are consistent with experimental data.

The implementation of equipments with embedded electronic to monitor, control, measure and operate future large facilities dedicated to high energy physics or nuclear fusion are necessary. Reliable operation of these equipments will be achieved through availability and reliability analysis. In several cases, the equipment selection or development approach has to be done by considering a harsh environment in terms of radiations. In order to implement these systems in such environments shielding, location and distance from the source must be considered to reduce, to protect and to avoid radiation effects. People in charge of the choice of the equipments have to take into account and mitigate radiation effects from subsystem to system level. This requires an approach integrating tradeoff between performance and reliability, between the use of the state of the art of technologies and robust and well known devices. Experience and knowledge from previous programs should be considered to build approach and strategy that may be necessary to overcome difficulties. In the present paper, we will review the main challenges faced by designers for systems implementation with embedded electronics in future facilities dedicated to international physics programs.

We propose a model of currents induced by 14 MeV neutrons in dielectrics, which agrees well with observed data for the first time in the range of large fluxes (above 1018 n/cm2/s). We propose simple analytical model and numerical calculation using Geant4 consistent with experiments done at OMEGA Inertial Confinement Fusion facility.