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This paper proposes a novel context-based search method on edge computing for finding data of moving people. As the Internet of Things (IoT) spreads, many sensors are going to be connected to a wide area network. To utilize sensed data for various services, they first need to be searched for. Different from term-based web content search, sensed data require context to be derived by heavy load processing such as image analysis from enormous data. Therefore, it incurs a huge amount of time and cost. Time and cost can be reduced by estimating the edge server that stores the required data. This paper proposes a novel context-based search method that selects data to be analyzed on the basis of the existence probability of context in accordance with the installation area of edge servers and the data generation time. Also, it selects a server with low load to reduce response time. Since the proposed method incorporates not only low layer information such as computer load but also high layer information such as the existence probability of context in the data, the method enables context-based search for sensed data quickly with low cost. Simulations showed that the proposed method reduces the response time by 95% compared with selecting data without using the existence probability of context.

To improve utilization of existing data assets in an enterprise, it is important to reduce the time required for data preparation, which is currently time-consuming for data scientists. In recent years, data catalogs have attracted attention as a solution for this problem. On a data catalog search system, it is important to manage the quality of metadata, which is the contents of the data catalog. However, traditional data profiling methods lack correctness verification of metadata so they don’t detect incorrect metadata. Therefore, we propose novel metadata profiling method focused on structural similarity of meta-graphs which represent the relationships between data and metadata. In this method, the graph representation generator creates a metagraph, the similarly calculator measures the similarity of data sources using structural similarity, and the metadata profiler detects wrong metadata through conflicts where different metadata are assigned when similarity is high.

This paper proposes a data storage method that cost-efficiently manages a massive amount of short lifetime data continuously generated typically by IoT devices (called Live Data, e.g., surveillance camera images) considering real-time data retrieval. Along with the rapid growth of the IoT, many users expect to shift to an Open IoT in which they can share enormous amounts of Live Data. To efficiently use Live Data, it is important to use both hot and cold data storage. Data should be stored in cold storage, which is less expensive but has slow access speeds than hot storage, only if the data are unlikely to be used. The proposed method virtualizes distributed hot storage to provide two data placement mechanisms; (1) an original-data-only optimized allocation according to demand by migrating original data to the appropriate distributed hot storage, and (2) integrated data replacement in the case of capacity overflow by migrating data to the distributed hot storage storing less useful data. As a result of a performance evaluation, compared with a cache algorithm often used for traditional data, the proposed method can reduce operational costs (transmission costs for data migration and retrieval and miss–hit penalty costs) when the ratio of single miss–hit penalty costs to 1-hop transmission costs is more than 6.

In this study, wearable device that can monitor the multi vital signs of Jaundice, SpO 2 , and heart rate from newborn foreheads was developed. In order to observe details of body conditions of newborns, it is crucial to detect the multi vital signs such as heart rate and oxygen saturation of peripheral artery (SpO 2 ). In addition, considering the handling of the devices, it should be convenient to detect them from one device on the forehead, which does not need to take off their clothes or move newborns. Previously, we reported wearable device which monitored only bilirubin concentration for newborn jaundice [1]. In this study, in addition to the detection of bilirubin concentration, we implemented the functionalities of heart rate and SpO 2 measurements into the device. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) irradiated newborn's forehead with BLUE, GREEN, RED, and IR (infrared) lights. Based on the reflected lights intensity, the 3 vital signs were calculated. Using the device, clinical experiments were conducted on neonates 1–5 days after birth.

In this study, a stretchable array of resistive pressure sensors which could ignore the effect of stretch deformation was demonstrated. In terms of stretchable pressure sensors composed of elastic materials, pressure sensors itself are deformed during strain of the devices, which becomes large error of the pressure measurement. Our resistive sensors in a array are based on patterned porous conductive silicone (Ecoflex). The substrate consists of hetero-silicone rubbers of two different elastic silicones. In addition, resistances of column and row electrodes in the matrix of mapping are much lower than the pressure sensors. This substrate and control of electrode resistances can prevent stretch deformation of the device from affecting the sensing of pressure. The error of the pressure sensor in our device during 150% strain was one sixth less than the one by conventional elastic pressure sensor composed of organic materials. This result suggests possibility to apply stretchable pressure sensor on largely deformed area of body, and soft robots.

This paper presents the performance evaluation of a metadata database (DB) management method that uses realistic numeric examples for IoT Live Data. The method is proposed to reduce the handling costs of Live Data. Live Data are here defined as data that are typically continuously generated by IoT devices and have short lifetimes (e.g., 10 fps surveillance camera images). We have already proposed an evaluation model in which the high locality is significantly featured in Live Data usage. The previous evaluation results are obtained only from general parameter values in statistical distributions. To evaluate realistic situations, this paper assumes that the metadata of Live Data with high usefulness for sharing by many users/services would dominate all metadata. In particular, for such data, we use both surveillance camera images and social networking service contents. The median values and the expected values are set considering the surveillance camera's locality (defined as the average distance between a surveillance camera and the users of its camera images). As a result, the proposed method can reduce the DB update costs by 99.0% while the additional search costs are reduced by up to 27.8% compared with the conventional metadata management method. The additional search costs are negligible compared with the reduction in DB update costs, since the number of searches is much smaller than the number of DB updates with respect to the number of update/search epochs.

We demonstrate and propose a novel route-and-select type 6×6 wavelength cross-connect configuration. It simplifies the connection between a route WSS and a select WSS, which are important parts of 2f and 4-f optical systems.

In this study, a wearable iontophoresis device towards transdermal delivery of anticancer vaccination was developed. The stretchable electrodes and flexible PCB(printed circuit board) were taken advantage of in this device to improve the contact between a sensor and body. Iontophoresis via small electronic current is technology for transdermal drug delivery. Electronic current during iontophoresis expands junctions between cells and enables transdermal administration of drugs by electrostatic repulsion and electroosmotic flow. In this study, wearable iontophoresis device composed of flexible polyimide substrate and disposable stretchable electrodes was developed. The electrodes promote the adhesion to the skin and are expected to improve the efficiency of transdermal delivery. The current value between electrodes can be controlled by a smartphone via Bluetooth. These technologies will realize the precise administration of drug for patient and doctors.

A wearable optical device for real-time monitoring of newborn jaundice was developed (Fig. 1). Jaundice is caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in an infant's blood. Real-time monitoring of the bilirubin level in infants is required because the level can change rapidly and affect their growth. The ability of the newly developed sensor to measure bilirubin levels was comparable to that of a commercial jaundice device ( $\mathrm{R}=0.77$ ), indicating the sensor could successfully evaluate jaundice. This wearable sensor is an important advance in the healthcare of infants, as it provides real-time monitoring of jaundice, one of the most important medical parameters in preliminary medical screening tests for newborns.

This paper reports a wearable vital sensing device towards medical analysis with artificial intelligent. Recently, there have been many researches related to medical analysis with artificial intelligent. Current researches are analysis based on stored data in hospitals. The amount of data for analysis gradually increases according to focusing on the medical analysis. However, depending on the increase, the burden of servers or host computers increase as well. In order to decrease the amount of processing, the concept of “edge computing” is proposed. The optimization of the system on wearable devices is required to realize the concept. Here, in this study, we demonstrate a wearable vital sensing device which detects oxygen level in blood based on a pulse oximeter and heart beat pulse for edge computing.

We present an improved cladding pumped high-core-count 32-core multicore-fiber amplifier. A gain of >17dB and average NF of 6.5dB with

We propose and demonstrate hybrid cladding-pumped/Raman amplification for multicore fiber transmission systems. 46WDM PDM-16QAM signals were transmitted over a 7-core transmission line and Q-factor enhancement is demonstrated using the core-by-core gain control scheme.

We demonstrate the first crosstalk-aware traffic engineering as a use case in a multicore fibre transport network. With the help of a software-defined network controller, modulation format and channel route are adaptively changed using programmable devices with XT monitors.

A high density uniform 10 nm amorphous Ge nanodisk structure could be successfully fabricated by a combination of a bio-template to fabricate a high density etching mask of 7 × 1011cm−2 and a neutral beam top-down process. Center-to-center distance of each ferritin was estimated at 13 nm. The fabricated Ge nanostructure showed increasing band gap energy from 1.5 eV up to 1.9 eV when the thickness of the nanostructure was decreased from 8 nm to 2 nm. The fabricated high density germanium nanostructure is expected to be used in many quantum effect devices such as quantum dot solar cells.

Recent success of mobile personal assistants deeply relies on the advancement in statistical automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken language understanding (SLU) technologies. This article describes practical design of ASR and SLU systems for “Shabette Concier”, a voice-based personal assistant application commercially released by NTT docomo in Japan in March 2012. Utilization of a large amount of field speech data gathered from the actual service is focused and the potential of big data is discussed.

Monopulse angle measurement methods are often utilized to measure a target angle. However, this method cannot measure a correct angle for multiple targets which cannot be distinguished by range, Doppler frequency and beam width. A method to simultaneously measure azimuths and elevations for only two targets was proposed, which requires a low computational load compared with other methods. However, the conventional method requires four receivers, therefore it is difficult to utilize it when there is a hard ware limitation. In this paper, we propose a method to measure azimuths and elevations for two targets using two receivers and time division system. We also show a verification of the proposed method by a numerical simulation and experimentation, though measured angles are restricted to azimuths or elevations. The results show that two targets angles can be measured by our proposed method using two receivers.

This paper explores a method for creating large-scale urban 3D models from GIS spatial data. It is capable of automatic generation of realistic VR models based on existing GIS data. Parametric 3D models of houses are created from polygon data, fences from line data, and pedestrians and trees from point data. The method is applied to the project ‘Virtual Kyoto Time-Space’ in which the whole city of Kyoto of the Edo era is re-created.

In this paper, we introduce a passive wearable walking support system based on brake control referred to as ldquopassive wearable walking helperrdquo. According to the analysis of the walking of the human being, the knee joint has to support his/her weight during the walking, and the joint moment applied around the knee joint is large for supporting the weight. Consequently, in this paper, we pay attention to the support of the knee joint in walking, and develop a Passive Wearable Walking Helper which could support the weight of the user during the walking based on the brake control. In the control method, we derive the support moment for the knee joint by calculated human model and experiments using the developed system illustrate the validity of the passive support device and its control method.

We investigated the thermal expansion properties of a component in order to develop a thermoelectric generating device using a Pb-Te system comprising PbTe doped with 0.5 wt%PbI2 and Pb0.5Sn0.5Te, which were selected for n- and p-type legs, respectively, and Ni and Fe, which were selected for the electrodes. [1] The dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient on the crystal grain size of the leg materials was measured. The coefficients of thermal expansion of sintered Pb0.5Sn0.5Te and PbTe doped with 0.5 wt%PbI2 with a powder grain size greater than 25 mum in the temperature range from 373 to 773 K were approximately 2.0 times 10-5 /K and 1.9 times 10-5 /K, respectively. For a powder grain size less than 25 mum, the coefficients increased rapidly by 10 times above 623 K. The coefficients of thermal expansion of sintered Ni and Fe were larger than those of casting Ni and Fe, respectively, and exhibited a reduction with the holding time.

Polythiophene films were synthesized by electrolytic polymerization using nitrobenzene as a solvent and tetra-n-butylammonium perchrorate as an electrolyte. We have evaluated thermoelectric properties of Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, Hall mobility and carrier concentration of the films in the in-plane direction. The films showed a tendency that Seebeck coefficient decreased with an increasing electrical conductivity. The figure-of-merit was calculated assuming the thermal conductivity was 0.1 W/Km. The figure-of-merit increased with an increasing electrical conductivity up to 1.5x10-4/K. The electrical conductivity was mainly changed with Hall mobility, which was related to molecular spacing of the mains chains. Variable range hopping was a determining process of carrier conduction. The easiness of carrier conduction between main chain molecules directly affected the figure-of-merit of the polythiophene polymers.

Mg2Si(1-x)Snx solid solution systems are an ecologically friendly semiconductor, and have been proposed to the probable materials for high-performance thermoelectric generators at temperatures range from 500 to 800 K. The single phase of this system at the compositions range of 0.4 < x < 0.6 has not been reported until now. The single phase of Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5 has been successfully obtained by a liquid-solid reaction method and hot-pressing method. The minimum value of thermal conductivity was identified at around x=0.5. The high thermoelectric performance can be attained by the controlling of carrier concentration for Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5. In this present work, the thermoelectric properties for the single-phase of Bi-doped Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5 were investigated. Seebeck coefficient alpha, electrical resistivity rho and thermal conductivity kappa were measured from room temperature to 850 K. The carrier concentration n increased lineally with the amount of Bi-doping, and the Bi atom acts as a singly ionizable substitutional donor. The reduction Fermi energy xi increased with increasing Bi amount. The undoped sample (xi=-2.808) was non-degenerated state, and 15000 ppm-Bi doping sample (xi=2.304) was heavily degenerated state. The absolute values of alpha for all samples showed a pronounced maximum which shifts to a higher temperature with increasing n. The rho of non-doping sample shows semiconducting behavior, and Bi-doping samples indicated the same behavior as a metal, which increased monotonously to the intrinsic region with increasing temperature. The carrier component of thermal conductivity was increased, while the phonon component of thermal conductivity was decreased slightly with carrier concentration. The dimensionless figure of merit was showed markedly enhanced the maximum value of ZT=0.87 for 7500 ppm-Bi doping at 630 K.

This paper proposes two kinds of switching strategies for a vehicle to avoid colliding with another vehicle and to track to a given reference trajectory. From a pursuit-evasion game, we can lead the collision avoidance procedure based on a so-called backward reachable set And, to achieve the trajectory tracking, we employ a model predictive control. The switching strategies unify the collision avoidance and the model predictive control methods. Here, the switching structure may lead to chattering. So, the strategy that we propose finally has a hysteresis to adjust a frequency of the chattering. In a numerical verification, we illustrate some simulation results when the proposed algorithms are used.

This paper presents a design methodology that was applied to the design of a 2.4GHz dual-core SPARC64trade microprocessor with 90nm CMOS technology. It focuses on the newly adopted techniques, such as efficient data management in dual-core design, fast delay calculation of the noise-immune clock distribution circuit, enhanced signal integrity analysis of a large-scale custom macro design, and enhanced diagnosis capability using a logic BIST circuit.

Orbit estimation of space debris, which is unnecessary objects orbiting around the earth, is an important task in avoiding the collision with spacecrafts. Kamisaibara Space Guard Center radar system was built in 2004 as the first radar facility devoted to the observation of space debris in Japan. In order to detect smaller debris, it is effective to improve SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) using coherent integration. However it is difficult to apply the coherent integration to the real data because the motion of the target is unknown at the first step. We propose fast algorithms for signal detection and orbit estimation for faint radar echoes from space debris by utilizing the characteristic of the evaluation function. The proposed algorithms improve SNR by 10.62 dB. The error of the range and the Doppler velocity with expected one are 89 m and 21 m/s, respectively.

Mg2Si1-xSnx systems, an ecologically friendly semiconductor, are the perspective material for thermoelectric generators at temperatures range from 500 to 800K. The single phase of this system at the compositions range of 0.4 < x < 0.6 has not been reported until now. The single phase of Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5 has been successfully obtained by a Liquid-Solid reaction method and Hot-pressing method. The minimum value of thermal conductivity was identified at around x=0.5. The high thermoelectric performance can be attained by the controlling of carrier concentration for Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5 . In this present work, the thermoelectric properties for the single-phase of Sb-doped Mg2Si0.5Sn0.5 were investigated. Seebeck coefficient alpha, electrical resistivity p and thermal conductivity k were measured from room temperature to 850K. The sign of alpha showed negative for all samples and has been n-type conduction. The temperature dependency of alpha for non-and 5000ppmSb-doped samples increased up to the maximum value of -440muVK -1 at 440K and -328muVK-1 at 578K, respectively. The alpha of 7500ppmSb sample were increased linearly with temperature. For non- and 5000ppmSb-sample, the temperature dependency of the p showed semiconducting properties. On the other hand, the sample of 7500ppmSb or more showed metallic behavior. The difference of this behavior is result of the conduction mechanism changed by the increase of carrier concentration. The carrier component of thermal conductivity was increased, while the phonon component of thermal conductivity was decreased slightly with carrier concentration. The dimensionless figure of merit was showed markedly enhanced the maximum value of ZT=1.2 for Sb doped 7500ppm at 620K

Electron transfer between different redox molecules was studied using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) muitiiayers. Porphyrin and flavin LB multilayers were deposited on a gold electrode to form a flavin-porphyrin heterojunction and the cyclic voltammograms were analyzed with a developed model of cyclic voltammetry. The electron transfer from flavln to porphyrin is found to be much faster than from porphyrin to flavin. Also as the first step to address a singieelectroactive LB molecule, the structure of the flavin LB monolayer was studied using scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The monolayer has fibrous structure. Flavin ring could be also identlfied.

In order to realize electronic devices based on molecular electronic function, it is of great importance to control the structure and the electron transport function of molecular organization. From the structural standpoint, cytochrome c (cyt c) adsorbed on flavin monolayers was found to show specific in-plane molecular orientation by the polarized fluorescence method. As for the electron transport function, the rectifying property was observed in the MIM (Metal-InsulatorMetal) cell using FMN / cyt c / EDTA solid film under illumination.

The development of the anthropomorphic flutist robot was started since 1990. The aim of this research has been to reproduce the functionality of human organs to interact musically with humans and to clarify the mechanism involved in human flute playing from an engineering view point. The newest version of the flutist robot (WF-4) has improved considerably the functionality and human-like shape of the organs involved in the flute playing. Up to now, the flutist robot has been used to reproduce as best as possible the human performance, although it is desirable to be also useful to improve some of the required skills that beginner flutists must acquire; in this case, the sound quality. The robot could demonstrate several times the correct way of playing and provide useful feedback based on the analysis of the harmonic structure of the student's performance. Therefore, it becomes necessary to find performance indexes that enable the robot to classify and evaluate quantitatively learners' performances to provide feedback (verbal and/or visual) to correct their executions. In this paper, we briefly describe some of the improvements done on the newest version of the flutist robot and we present different ways how the robot can evaluate the human performance by an experimental setup.

Co/sub 1-x/Ni/sub x/Sb/sub 3/ (x = 0.005/spl ap/0.1) samples were prepared by direct melting of constituent elements in a graphite crucible and subsequently was sintered using spark plasma sintering. The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient, Hall mobility, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity were investigated in a temperature range from 20 to 773 K. All the measured samples are n-type semiconductor and the conduction type changes from n- to p-type at around 450 K. The temperature for the transition from n-type to p-type increased with increasing Ni content x. The scattering factor, Fermi energy and Lorenz number were estimated and thermal conductivity was analyzed as a function of temperature. The lattice component of thermal conductivity is dominant at low temperatures but carrier and bipolar components become large at temperatures higher than the transition temperature.