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The computerization of patient data is proceeding and the amount of patient records has greatly increased. However, physicians have limited time to review and process patient records. In order to use these records effectively, medical institutions need to access the information in a variety of forms. This paper comparatively describes two intelligent viewers that are SAKURA-Viewer and FUJI-Viewer. These viewers reorganize order-related data. SAKURA-Viewer is based on a concept hierarchy method and focuses the view of consolidated information. This viewer represents order history from two viewpoints simultaneously to eliminate semantic redundancies. FUJI-Viewer is based on two-dimensional mapping method and focuses the flow of periodic information. This viewer represents differences between the plan history and the order history to manage a long-term test order history and test plan history concurrently. These viewers also support data entry methods that input order-related data efficiently and accurately. This interface reduces the workload of the medical stuff. These intelligent viewers are incorporated into a clinical information system.

The number of chronic condition patients has increased rapidly in recent years, with the result that an efficient diagnosis and treatment of these patients is required. Therefore, the attainment of a function that can diagnose chronic condition patients efficiently is the goal of computerized medical treatment. This paper describes "FUJI-Viewer", a clinical decision support system that pays attention to the flow of information for chronic condition patients. FUJI-Viewer creates a test plan for each patient, and manages patient's test plan over time in a consistent manner. FUJI-Viewer also prevents test-item omission errors and duplicate-item errors. The result of integrating these functions in an order entry system and its evaluation is described.

With the advent of MRI and CT, it becomes popular to obtain three-dimensional data in the daily clinical practice, although such 3-0 data may be the result of mere addition of twodimensional tomographic data. Utilization of 3D data in patient care has just arrived at the entrance gate of the new era. Many problems must be solved before the utilization of 3-0 data becomes routine daily clinical practice. This paper tries to overview those problems with special stress on image management and communication as well as the clinical usefulness of 3-0 data utilization itself in near future medicine.

In this paper, we propose a human computer interaction model through consolidation and visualization for order entry systems. This model makes effective use of the patient database and features 1) the consolidation of order data, 2) the visualization of the order data two or more contextual viewpoints, and 3) a new data entry and decision support function which consists of several data validation functions. The proposed model supports doctors' comprehension of order data by presenting the diversity, continuity, and regularity. This model has been incorporated into the order entry system and is now being run on an experimental basis. The effectiveness of this system was verified by the questionnaire survey from doctors and the analysis of consolidation.

A high-resolution magnetoencephalographic mapping method using a 64-channel SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) system and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is described. The brain magnetic field is considered to be produced by current sources. The localization of current sources is performed via computation using Biot-Savart's equation based on MEG. After matching the coordinate of the SQUID system to the coordinate of MRI, each current source location is mapped into the anatomical MRI data. >