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11 results on '"Ghaïs El Zein"'

1. Angular Measurements and Analysis of the Indoor Propagation Channel at 60 GHz

Author

Gheorghe Zaharia, Ghaïs El Zein, Sawsan Sadek, Marwan El Hajj, Hanna Farhat, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
VNA, Computer science, 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Delay spread, 0508 media and communications, RMS delay spread, Angle of arrival, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Path loss, Wireless, coherence bandwidth, Coherence bandwidth, path loss, business.industry, indoor radio channel, 05 social sciences, Bandwidth (signal processing), Transmitter, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Direct path, 60 GHz, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, angle of arrival, measurements, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; In this work, we present a propagation measurements campaign conducted at 60 GHz in a typical indoor office environment. These measurements can be useful in order to exploit multipaths, aiming to maintain the quality of the communication in the case of blocking the direct path due to an obstruction created by people, furniture or other obstacles. The measurements were realized on 2 GHz bandwidth using a vector network analyzer (VNA). At the receiving side being always visible by the transmitter, a rotation by 6 • over 360 • is performed. The obtained results allow to compute different channel parameters such as: path loss, RMS delay spread and coherence bandwidth. In our study, we consider for each receiver position two situations: the direct orientation and the best indirect orientation of the receiving antenna. These results show that the path loss of the best indirect orientation increases up to 18 dB compared to the direct orientation. Indeed, some positions may be more affected than others in the case of blocking the direct orientation. The obtained results will be useful both to design the new broadband communication systems and to deploy wireless local and personal area networks (WLAN/WPAN) operating in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands.

Published
2019
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2. Coverage and Throughput Analysis at 60 GHz for Indoor WLAN with Indirect Paths

Author

Valery Guillet, Gheorghe Zaharia, Marc Kacou, Ghaïs El Zein, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Orange Labs [Belfort] (Orange Labs), France Télécom, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Computer science, Frequency band, 05 social sciences, Smart antenna, Channel sounding, 050801 communication & media studies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Interference (wave propagation), [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, 0508 media and communications, Interference (communication), Hardware_GENERAL, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Throughput (business), 5G, Multipath propagation
Abstract

International audience; The 60 GHz frequency band enables the combination of high bandwidth free of interference and very high throughput WLANs such as 802.11ad, 802.11ay and maybe 5G. Propagation loss in millimeter-wave band may be a strong limitation to deployment and practical usage, in particular in non-line of sight. For this purpose, this paper presents 60 GHz channel sounding and throughput measurement results in an indoor residential environment. The presented results are focused on non-direct multipath characteristics that could be potentially used by smart antenna solution to extend 60 GHz communications in non-line of sight. Index Terms-60 GHz, indoor propagation, non-direct paths, path loss.

Published
2018
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3. Antenna Radiation in Typical Office Environment: Theoretical Modeling and Measurements

Author

Wafa Abdouni, Fumie Costen, Ghaïs El Zein, Zaher Sayegh, Gheorghe Zaharia, Mohamed Latrach, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESEO - Groupe Radio et Hyperfréquences, ESEO-Tech, Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-École supérieure d'électronique de l'ouest [Angers] (ESEO)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-École supérieure d'électronique de l'ouest [Angers] (ESEO), School of Computer Science [Manchester], University of Manchester [Manchester], Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-École supérieure d'électronique de l'ouest [Angers] (ESEO), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Commercial software, wireless communication systems, Computer science, HFSS, FDTD, 05 social sciences, Finite-difference time-domain method, 050301 education, 020206 networking & telecommunications, prediction, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Finite difference time domain analysis, Wireless communication systems, Software deployment, Environmental complexity, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Antenna radiation, indoor, 0503 education, Simulation
Abstract

International audience; The increasing deployment of wireless communication systems in indoor environment, with different standards, make necessary the research for a new approach allowing the efficient and accurate prediction of their electromagnetic coverage. It becomes essential to predict the behavior of antennas in the presence of various obstacles for planning the communicating devices in the most efficient way. This paper will present an accurate and efficient electromagnetic indoor propagation modeling, based on the FDTD method taking into account the environmental complexity and the dispersive nature of materials. Numerical results are compared with measurement results, other simulation results obtained by using the commercial software HFSS will be compared and discussed.

Published
2012
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4. Simulation Analysis of Wireless Channel Effect on IEEE 802.11n Physical Layer

Author

Valery Guillet, Ali Bouhlel, Ghaïs El Zein, Gheorghe Zaharia, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Propagation, Orange Labs [Belfort] (Orange Labs), France Télécom-France Télécom, Orange Labs Belfort, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
3G MIMO, IEEE 802, Engineering, IEEE802.11n, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, MIMO, Channel models, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Multi-user MIMO, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, WLAN, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11b-1999, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, IEEE 802.11g-2003, Packet Error Rate(PER), IEEE 802.11e-2005, business
Abstract

IEEE 802.11n standard came as a rescue; the existing standards are increasingly seen as inadequate since applications become more complex and require more bandwidth. Several techniques have been put into operation to meet two basic requirements: significantly greater bit rate and radio coverage. However, studies have shown that the theoretical limit in terms of throughput is far from being reached and that the received power does not explain the performance degradation. A list of suspect parameters is analyzed in this paper to assess their effect on performance of the IEEE 802.11n physical layer taken as an application of MIMO technology in indoor context. It is shown that even if the received power is high, the data rates for a 2x2 MIMO 802.11n can vary between 117 Mbps and 130 Mbps depending on the angular spread values. The antenna spacing can compensate the performance degradation caused by other parameters. Results are given in terms of correlation coefficient, other channel characteristics and the packet error rate.

Published
2012
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5. An infrared thermal image acquisition system for intra-vehicle applications

Author

Sylvain Haese, Eric Bazin, Ghaïs El Zein, H. Farhat, Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Bolometer, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Microbolometer, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, microbolometer, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Lens (optics), Microcontroller, Gate array, law, intra-vehicle system, 0103 physical sciences, thermal imaging, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Calibration, business, Field-programmable gate array, Computer hardware
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, we present an infrared thermal image acquisition system developed for intra-vehicle applications. This system is based on an uncooled microbolometer sensor matrix. First, we design an electronic board to control the sensor. A special lens is developed with a wide field of view. Then, the image acquisition system is developed on a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) based soft-core microcontroller. We realize the system calibration using controlled temperature surface. We implement the calibration algorithm and present calibration results. Measurement campaign is conducted in a vehicle. Measurement results show the possibility to cover all the passenger's in the vehicle and to measure their temperature

Published
2011
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6. Touch-less heartbeat detection and cardiopulmonary modeling

Author

Dany Obeid, Gheorghe Zaharia, Sawsan Sadek, Ghaïs El Zein, Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Libanaise, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
animal structures, Heartbeat, Computer science, Acoustics, 0206 medical engineering, Doppler radar, 02 engineering and technology, Signal, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Wavelet, Signal-to-noise ratio, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Heart rate variability, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Pattern recognition, 020601 biomedical engineering, Power (physics), cardiovascular system, symbols, Artificial intelligence, business, Doppler effect, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

This paper presents a contact-less heartbeat detection system and a cardiopulmonary modeling. Using a vector network analyzer, our proposed microwave system shows the ability of detecting the heartbeat signal at different frequencies, as well as at different output power levels. Based on parameters extracted from real measurements, a model representing the heartbeat and the respiration signals is presented. Different processing techniques are used in order to separate the heartbeat and the respiration signals. For different signal to noise ratios, wavelet filters show higher accuracy over classic filters in determining both the heartbeat rate and the heart rate variability.

Published
2009
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7. Millimeter-wave system for high data rate indoor communications

Author

Gheorghe Zaharia, Ghaïs El Zein, Yvan Kokar, Lahatra Rakotondrainibe, Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARED Région Bretagne, TECHIMAGES, COMIDOM, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer science, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0502 economics and business, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Wireless, Demodulation, Forward error correction, High bit rate, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), RS coding, BER, business.industry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, 05 social sciences, 020206 networking & telecommunications, short range, 60 GHz, Intermediate frequency, Baseband, Bit error rate, 050211 marketing, single carrier modulation, Radio frequency, business, Decoding methods, Computer network
Abstract

This paper presents the realization of a wireless Gigabit Ethernet communication system operating in the 60 GHz band. The system architecture uses a single carrier modulation. A differential encoded binary phase shift keying modulation and a differential demodulation scheme are adopted for the intermediate frequency blocks. The baseband blocks use Reed- Solomon RS (255, 239) coding and decoding for channel forward error correction (FEC). First results of bit error rate (BER) measurements at 875 Mbps, without channel coding, are presented for different antennas., Comment: 5 pages

Published
2009
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8. A tunable-frequency system for touch-less heartbeat detection and HRV extraction

Author

Sawsan Sadek, Ghaïs El Zein, Gheorghe Zaharia, and Dany Obeid

Subjects
Physics, Signal processing, CMOS, Remote patient monitoring, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Phase (waves), Electronic engineering, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Time domain, Signal, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Microwave, Standard deviation
Abstract

This paper presents a practical study for heartbeat detection at 1 m distance. Our microwave system, based on a vector network analyzer, is used at 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 10 GHz, 16 GHz, and 60 GHz. Heart Rate Variability is extracted from the time domain variation of the phase of S 21 for both the original and the smoothed signal, and its standard deviation is calculated.

Published
2009
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9. Performance Enhancement of Multiuser Time Reversal UWB Communication System

Author

Ali Khaleghi, Ghaïs El Zein, Ijaz Haider Naqvi, Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), SUPELEC-Campus Gif, Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR MIRTEC, ANR-05-BLAN-0054,MIRTEC,Miroirs à Retournement Temporel Electromagnétique pour les Communications(2005), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Signal-to-interference ratio, Computer science, signal to interference ratio, interference reduction, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 02 engineering and technology, Interference (wave propagation), Communications system, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 010306 general physics, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, time reversal technique, ultra wide band, Performance enhancement, Multiuser, Communication channel
Abstract

International audience; UWB communication is a recent research area for indoor propagation channels. Time Reversal (TR) communication in UWB has shown promising results for improving the system performance. In multiuser environment, the system performance is significantly degraded due to the interference among different users. TR reduces the interference caused by multiusers due to its spatial focusing property. The performance of a multiuser TR communication system is further improved if the TR filter is modified. In this paper, multiuser TR in UWB communication is investigated using simple TR filter and a modified TR filter with circular shift operation. The concept of circular shift in TR is analytically studied. Thereafter, the channel impulse responses (CIR) of a typical indoor laboratory environment are measured. The measured CIRs are used to analyze the received signal peak power and signal to interference ratio (SIR) with and without performing the circular shift operation in a multiuser environment.

Published
2007
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10. Spatial Characterization of 60 GHz Indoor Channels by Fast Gaussian Beam Tracking Method and Comparison with Measurements

Author

Ghaïs El Zein, R. Tahri, Gheorghe Zaharia, Sylvain Collonge, Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Telecommunication channels, Gaussian, Acoustics, Direction of arrival, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020302 automobile design & engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Tracking (particle physics), Characterization (materials science), symbols.namesake, 0203 mechanical engineering, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, symbols, Gaussian process, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Gaussian beam, Communication channel
Abstract

A new three dimensional Gaussian beam tracking (GBT) method is proposed for indoor spatio-temporal indoor channel characterization. Its efficiency stems from the collective treatment of rays, which is realized by using Gaussian beams to propagate fields. A direction of arrival (DOA) measurements campaign in a typical European residential house at 60 GHz is carried out. The validity of the GBT method is shown by comparing its numerical results with measurements

Published
2006
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11. Code division multiple access for an automotive area network over power-lines

Author

Ghaïs El Zein, Jacques Citerne, and Fabienne Nouvel

Subjects
Spread spectrum, Engineering, business.industry, Code division multiple access, Multi-frequency time division multiple access, Electrical engineering, Electromagnetic compatibility, Electronic engineering, Cellular network, business, Communications system, Chip, Electromagnetic interference
Abstract

This article presents a particular application of the spread spectrum code division multiple access concept (CDMA) based on direct spread spectrum modulation (DS-SSM) for an automotive area network on power-lines. Advantages and related problems to set up the system in a car are discussed. Measurements for the evaluation of the system's performances in terms of the additive noise and the interference caused by the other users are given. Design of this communication system is made taking also into account protection against electromagnetic disturbances. >

Published
2002
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