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This article proposes a new framework for modeling plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging demand supported by solar photovoltaic (PV) energy resources in a distribution system. The proposed work focuses on modeling the stochastic nature of both PEV loads and PV generation while considering the effect of the temporal–spatial characteristics of the driver’s behavior, as well as solar irradiation and temperature. A trip chain, based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo process, is developed to properly model PEV daily driving activities and the PV uncertainty. Charging facilities are assumed available at home, work, and fast-charging stations, having charging levels of 3.7, 6.6, and 50 kW, respectively. The proposed framework is examined, considering the National Household Travel Survey global data, as well as the city of Buffalo and New York state. The impact of varying the penetration levels of PEV and PV resources is also investigated. This work strengthens the proposed models in the literature by integrating the temporal–spatial characteristics of PEV charging demand into PV stochastic models. Résumé—Cet article propose un nouveau cadre de modélisation de la demande de recharge de véhicules électriques rechargeables (PEV) soutenue par des ressources énergétiques solaires photovoltaïques (PV) dans un système de distribution. Le travail proposé se concentre sur la modélisation de la nature stochastique des charges PEV et de la production par PV tout en considérant l’effet des caractéristiques spatio-temporelles du comportement du conducteur, ainsi que l’irradiation solaire et la température. Une chaîne de trajets, basée sur le processus de Monte-Carlo par Markov, est développée pour modéliser correctement les activités quotidiennes concernant la conduite du PEV et l’incertitude des PV. Les installations de recharge sont supposées être disponibles à la maison, au travail et aux bornes de recharge rapide, avec des niveaux de recharge de 3, 7; 6, 6 et 50 kW, respectivement. Le cadre proposé est examiné en tenant compte des données mondiales de l’enquête nationale sur les voyages des ménages, ainsi que de la ville de Buffalo et de l’État de New York. L’impact de la variation des niveaux de pénétration du PEV et des ressources PV est également étudié. Ce travail renforce les modèles proposés dans la littérature en intégrant les caractéristiques temporelles-spatiales de la demande de charge PEV dans les modèles stochastiques PV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes and experimentally validates the functionality of a smart IEC 61850 merging unit (MU) that supports self-healing and asset management functions of future power grids. The proposed MU can operate in a standalone or as an integrated element within a primary substation. The MU communicates with a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system over Ethernet and WiFi-5 GHz links. A dynamic wavelet-based windowing technique is implemented in the proposed MU to process signals and report limited situation awareness (SA) features. The SA features serve two purposes. First, they can be used by asset management functions to monitor and diagnose the equipment heath condition. Second, they can be employed by self-healing functions in order to detect and anticipate early stages of impending faults masked by high noise. The MU capability to acquire real-time sampling or estimated-time sampling is examined and the impact of wireless sensor network data transfer latency between the proposed MU and an SCADA system is also investigated. Extensive laboratory experiments show promising results for the proposed IEC 61850 MU as a smart tool that can monitor, control, protect, and also initiate corrective actions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper surveys the conceptual aspects, as well as recent developments in fault detection, isolation, and service restoration (FDIR) following an outage in an electric distribution system. This paper starts with a discussion of the rationale for FDIR, and then investigates different areas of the FDIR problem. Recently reported approaches are compared and related to discussions on current practices. This paper then addresses some of the often-cited associated technical, environmental, and economic challenges of implementing self-healing for the distribution grid. The review concludes by pointing toward the need and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]