Search

It is helpful to obtain accurate and effective energy information for energy monitoring and controlling by laying out the wireless sensor network (WSN) in a stable energy region. Usually, the temperature and humidity information represents the environmental energy. That is, the stable region of temperature and humidity is the stable energy region. Therefore, this study proposes a WSN layout strategy in a stable temperature and humidity region. Firstly, the temperature and humidity model is built, and then the stable temperature and humidity region are obtained by cluster analysis and mathematical statistics. Finally, the WSN system is designed. WSN nodes are designed and manufactured, and these nodes form the WSN in the stable temperature and humidity region. For example, take the tobacco industry; a data processing system is designed to analyze and manage the temperature and humidity data based on the WSN layout strategy. WSN layout strategy provides a theoretical basis for WSN layout, contributes to data analysis, management, and optimization, and also helps to improve the control system capability and reduce production energy consumption.

With the gradual transformation of the world energy structure to low-carbon green environmental energy, wind energy—as a renewable clean energy, has been widely used due to its clean and safe characteristics. At present, the technology of VSC-HVDC is the best choice for the far sea wind power transmission. In addition, with the large-scale and far-reaching characteristics of offshore wind power, the VSC-HVDC project of bipolar topology is a possible future model. This paper studies and discusses the design of sea electrodes and it’s safety evaluation. The calculation results show that the method can meet the safety requirements of electromagnetic effect and thermal effect.

The need of more secured and environmental energy is becoming a necessity and priority in an environment suffering from serious problems due to technological development. Since the Smart Grid is a promising alternative that supports green energy and enhances a better management of electricity, the security side has became one of the major and critical associated issues in building the communication network in the microgrid.In this paper we will present the Smart Grid Cyber security challenges and propose a distributed algorithm that face one of the biggest problems threatening the smart grid which is fires.

Target surveillance applications of directional sensor networks are constantly emerging. The environmental energy harvesting technologies are promising solutions for alleviating the energy shortage in sensor networks. This work addresses the maximum lifetime target coverage problem in energy harvesting directional sensor networks. In this problem, the coverage quality requirements of all targets should be continuously satisfied and the network connectivity should be guaranteed. It is very challenging due to the limited sensing angle and the recharging ability of the sensors, and the different coverage quality requirements of the targets. We prove its NP-hardness and formulate it as a mixed integer nonlinear programming model. Two heuristics are proposed to solve it. Extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms.

The human body acquires energy in many form to manage their activities. This energy enters into human body in the form of food, beverages or any other external source. Few of the vital nutrients are injected into human body via supplementary medicines, etc. Some of the required energy of human body is absorbed naturally from the environment (e.g. vitamin D through sunlight). Human body absorbs limited energy / nutrients from the environment due to lack of proper transformation of energy aspects of human body. Due to this there is requirement of an interface which can help in transforming the environmental energy for fulfilling some aspects of the human body energy requirements. To understand the role of environment energy for its utilization to fulfil the some energy requirement of human body, we have proposed & discussed an interface that has capability of transforming the environmental energy into various aspects of human body energy.

The success of future Internet-of-Things (IoT) based application deployments depends on the ability of wireless sensor platforms to sustain uninterrupted operation based on environmental energy harvesting. In this paper, we deploy a multi-transducer platform for photovoltaic and piezoelectric energy harvesting and collect raw data about the harvested power in commonly-encountered outdoor and indoor scenarios. We couple the generated power profiles with probability mixture models and make our data and processing code freely available to the research community for wireless sensors and IoT-oriented applications. Our aim is to provide data-driven probability models that characterize the energy production process, which will substantially facilitate the coupling of energy harvesting statistics with energy consumption models for processing and transceiver designs within upcoming IoT deployments.

Over the spring and summer 2015 semesters, two undergraduate students completed a full energy audit of two local municipalities in order to provide recommendations for usage reduction. This audit was done as part of a community partnership initiative with Emerald Cities Collaborative, a community development collective focused on promoting sustainable communities through environmental energy education. Utilizing the data provided by a local utility company; students were able to analyze current EPA and DOE online tools for energy benchmarking. These tools are freely available for small local governments. The results of this study suggest that improvements can be made to the existing tools that increase their usefulness to municipalities. Further analysis capabilities beyond what these tools provide were shown to enhance the tools' utility.

Autonomous docking for airborne energy transfer is an important unmanned aerial vehicle capability that has yet to be accomplished. The implications of this technology are far reaching because vehicle endurance can be significantly extended without requiring additional onboard energy storage or environmental energy collection. A major barrier to docking with a drogue is reliable and accurate knowledge of the drogue's state, relative to the aircraft that is performing the manoeuvre. We address this by propagating a derived cable-drogue dynamic model using onboard sensor measurements, then correcting the state and aerodynamic coefficients with air-to-air visual observations. The approach is verified through a series of close formation flights with a marker based infra-red vision system. These flights represent significant progress toward an autonomous docking demonstration.

Date of Conference: 16-18 Dec. 2013 The clustering algorithms designed for traditional sensor networks have been adapted for energy harvesting sensor networks (EHWSN). However, in these algorithms, the intra-cluster MAC protocols to be used were either not defined at all or they were TDMA based. These TDMA based MAC protocols are not specified except for the fact that cluster heads assign time slots to their members in a random manner. In this paper, we will modify this TDMA based scheduling as follows: members will request a time slot depending on their energy prediction and the cluster heads will assign these slots to members. This method will increase the network lifetime. The proof will be given with simulations. © 2013 IEEE.

In order to improve air quality in the Controlled Traffic Zone “Area C” of Milan, in addition to the rules already in force, two topics now under consideration by the municipality are the increase of car-sharing and measures to stimulate the use of electric vehicles, including their adoption for the last-mile delivery of goods. The paper presents the evaluation of the potential benefits of electric vehicles, in particular for the case of goods delivery. Comparisons to present i.c.e. based vehicles are presented in terms of economical aspects (from the point of view of the end user and of the Country), energy consumption and pollution impact (both local and global). Also the contribution to costs and pollution of two-wheels motor vehicles is taken into consideration in order to give a more complete overview of the different traffic segments.

Smart grids are described as a tool to pursue a diverse set of political and environmental energy goals. Visions of smart grid implementation differ around the world, and roles in smart grids are not yet clearly defined and assigned. This paper systematically explores smart grid visions and pilot projects in selected countries representing different electricity system types: centralized versus decentralized and full versus partial liberalization. We find that traditional system structure and problems shape smart grid models. The assignment of smart grid aspects to monopolistic and competitive sections and possibilities for bundling of functions are not uniform. Smart meters can be assigned to network companies or suppliers. These in turn can be integrated or unbundled. The organization of smart grids and the intertwined appearance of functions that are possibly competitive and those that are monopolistic raise further questions for regulation.

This paper discusses an actual operation of a monitoring system for fuel cells which will probably be substituted for the next generation environmental energy sources. Through this demonstration from monitoring system of 1 kW fuel cell for a house, the electrical and heat efficiency of fuel cell is able to be improved, and several faults of fuel cell, such as high expense and weak durability, would also be remedied dramatically.

Current commercial autonomous sensors are mainly powered by primary batteries. Batteries need to be replaced and hence can become the largest and most expensive part of the system. On the other hand, our environment is full of waste and unused energy such as that coming from the sun or mechanical vibrations. As a result, commercial energy harvesters are increasingly available to power autonomous sensors. This work presents and analyses commercial energy harvesters currently available. First, environmental energy sources are classified and described. Then, energy harvesting principles are described and some guidelines are given to calculate the maximum power consumption allowed and the energy storage capacity required for the autonomous sensor. Finally, commercial energy harvesters are evaluated to determine their capability to power a commercial autonomous sensor in some given circumstances.

Focusing on the superior environmental characteristics of SSPS, Nishinippon Environmental Energy Co., Inc. has participated in two different SSPS committees. One has been organized by JAXA (former, NASDA) since 1999, and the other by USEF since 2001. Technological research has been made into the issue of how the SSPS can be interconnected to commercial power grids on the ground.