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Nanoparticles were produced on polyimide (PI) film through oxidation of a Ni/sub 80/Fe/sub 20/ thin film on a PI precursor layer during its imidization reaction. Film properties were investigated through transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The size and shape of embedded and exposed particles were compared and it was verified that the exposed particles can be effectively used as a growth template for nano-sized structures.

We describe the magnetic properties of thermally annealed (Ni/sub 80/Fe/sub 20/)/sub 1-x/Mn/sub x/ thin films and their inverse magnetoresistance.

Summary form only given. The pinned electrode of the exchange biased magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ), consisting of Ta/NiFe/IrMn/CoFe/AlO/sub x//Ta layer was annealed at 300/spl deg/C under vacuum to study the extent of interdiffusion within the pinned electrode. In addition, the tunnel barrier layer, AlO/sub x/ was deliberately under- and over-oxidized in the oxygen plasma in order to elucidate the effects of plasma oxidation on the interdiffusion within the thin film stack. A significant amount of Mn diffusion into the AlO/sub x/ layer was observed in the over-oxidized electrode from the compositional depth profiling using Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) while the under-oxidized electrode exhibited a minimal amount of Mn diffusion after annealing at 300/spl deg/C. Further interfacial analysis using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) proved that the Mn found at the CoFe/AlO/sub x/ interface in the over-oxidized electrode was in the form of MnO/sub 2/ while the Co in the CoFe layer remained unoxidized.

As an extension to their formulation of the compliant control problem employing the framework of constrained Hamiltonian systems the authors consider the feedback of error signals with respect to a desired position, velocity and force. They allow for uncertainty in modeling and disturbances. They show that the nonlinear feedback controls introduced specify the dynamics of the manipulator on the constraint surface. Results of computer simulations which verify the analytical formulation , are presented. >