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The effect of the Pt electrode and the Pt-IrO/sub 2/ hybrid electrode on the performance of ferroelectric device was investigated. The modified Pt thin films with non-columnar structure significantly reduced the oxidation of TiN diffusion barrier layer, which rendered it possible to incorporate the simple stacked structure of Pt/TiN/poly-Si plug. When a Pt-IrO/sub 2/ hybrid electrode is applied, PZT thin film properties are influenced by the thickness and the partial coverage of the electrode layers. The optimized Pt-IrO/sub 2/ hybrid electrode significantly enhanced the fatigue properties with minimal leakage current.

In this paper, we describe a new speech/non-speech classification method that improves the endpoint detection performance for speech recognition in noisy environments. The proposed method uses multiple features to increase the robustness in noisy environments, and the classification and regression tree (CART) technique is applied to effectively combine these multiple features for classification of each frame. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method by conducting speech/non-speech classification experiments on noisy speech. We also investigate the importance of various features on speech/non-speech classification in noisy environments In particular, the proposed method is applied to the endpoint detection algorithm for isolated speech recognition of a voice-dialing cellular phone. We simulate the speech recognition experiments in various noise environments, and the effects of the proposed method on speech recognition performance are evaluated.