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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was first described in 1985 (1), although its theoretical roots go back beyond that time (2). It is the most versatile of the amplification methods, the others (see Subheading 4.) are more or less confined to diagnostic applications. For example, the product of a PCR, often referred to as an amplification, can be readily sequenced for diagnostic, typing, fingerprinting, or molecular epidemiologic reasons. PCR is now taking its place in diagnostic microbiology laboratories as an adjunct to culture and serologic tests PCR tests are available in kit form under the AMPLICOR™ name (RocheDiagnostic Systems, Base & Switzerland).