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Objective: The metabolic parameters associated with gallstones are the subject of numerous studies. RBP4, an adipokine, has been linked to various metabolic diseases; however, no study in the literature establishes its relationship with gallstone disease. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the biochemical parameters associated with gallstone disease, primarily serum RBP4. Material and Method: Between 2015 and 2016, abdominal ultrasound, serum biochemical tests, lipid profiles, uric acid, insulin, and fasting glucose values were available for 80 patients who presented to our hospital’s gastroenterology clinic, were included in the study. RBP4 levels were analyzed in the serum samples obtained from the patients. Results: Out of the 80 participants in the study, 42 had gallstones, while 38 did not. Among the biochemical parameters, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of total cholesterol values (p= 0.483), LDL values (p=0.224), and TG values (p=0.764). A significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding HDL values(p=0.017). No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of serum uric acid (p=0.411), fasting glucose (p=0.214), fasting insulin, HOMA-IR score (p=0.157), and vitamin D levels (p=0.340). The mean±SD values of the studied serum RBP-4 levels in the participants were determined as 40.24±7.12 in the control group and 39.75±8.55 in the patient group. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p=0.776). In correlation analyses, a significant positive correlation was found between RBP4 and vitamin D levels (r: 0.277, p= 0.013), total cholesterol (r: 0.268, p=0.016), triglycerides (r: 0.387, p