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In order to detect the obstacle from the large amount of 3D LIDAR data in hybrid cross-country environment for unmanned ground vehicle, a new graph approach based on Markov random field was presented. Firstly, the preprocessing method based on the maximum blurred line is applied to segment the projection of every laser scan line in x-y plane. Then, based on K-means clustering algorithm, the same properties of the line are combined. Secondly, line segment nodes are precisely positioned by using corner detection method, and the next step is to take advantage of line segment nodes to build an undirected graph for Markov random field. Lastly, the energy function is calculated by means of analyzing line segment features and solved by graph cut. Two types of line mark are finally classified into two categories: ground and obstacle. Experiments prove the feasibility of the approach and show that it has better performance and runs in real time.

Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) that can drive autonomously in cross-country environment have received a good deal of attention in recent years. They must have the ability to determine whether the current terrain is traversable or not by using onboard sensors. This paper explores newmethods related to environment perception based on computer image processing, pattern recognition, multisensors data fusion, andmultidisciplinary theory. Kalman filter is used for low-level fusion of physical level, thus using the D-S evidence theory for high-level data fusion. Probability Test and Gaussian Mixture Model are proposed to obtain the traversable region in the forward-facing camera view for UGV. One feature set including color and texture information is extracted from areas of interest and combined with a classifier approach to resolve two types of terrain (traversable or not). Also, three-dimension data are employed; the feature set contains components such as distance contrast of three-dimension data, edge chain-code curvature of camera image, and covariance matrix based on the principal component method. This paper puts forward one new method that is suitable for distributing basic probability assignment (BPA), based on which D-S theory of evidence is employed to integrate sensors information and recognize the obstacle. The subordination obtained by using the fuzzy interpolation is applied to calculate the basic probability assignment. It is supposed that the subordination is equal to correlation coefficient in the formula. More accurate results of object identification are achieved by using the D-S theory of evidence. Control on motion behavior or autonomous navigation for UGV is based on the method, which is necessary for UGV high speed driving in crosscountry environment. The experiment results have demonstrated the viability of the new method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variation elliptical piston skirt has better mechanical and thermodynamic properties and it is widely applied in internal combustion engine in recent years. Because of its complex form, its geometrical precision evaluation is a difficult problem. In this paper, quasi-particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is proposed to calculate the minimum zone error and ellipticity of cross-section linear profile, where initial positions and initial velocities of all particles are generated by using quasi-random Halton sequences which sample points have good distribution properties and the particles' velocities are modified by constriction factor approach. Then, the design formula and mathematical model of the cross-section linear profile of variation elliptical piston skirt are set up and its objective function calculation approach using QPSO to solve the minimum zone cross-section linear profile error is developed which conforms to the ISO/1101 standard. Finally, the experimental results evaluated by QPSO, particle swarm optimization (PSO), improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and the least square method (LSM) confirm the effectiveness of the proposed QPSO and it improves the linear profile error evaluation accuracy and efficiency. This method can be extended to other complex curve form error evaluation such as cam curve profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]