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Purpose of the study: We aim to examine the association between liver function‐related indicators and gallstone disease (GSD) risk. Study design: The subjects who participated in the China Multicenter Physical Examination Cohort (CMPEC) were enrolled. Relative odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were applied to investigate the effect of liver function‐related indicators and GSD risk. Moreover, a systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted until July 2021. Additionally, the results in the CMPEC and the systematic review and meta‐analysis were combined by meta‐analysis. Finally, the results were validated by a cohort study of the UK Biobank (UKB). Results and conclusions: Totally, 369,931 subjects in CMPEC were included in the study. A total of 28 publications were incorporated into the systematic review and meta‐analysis. The pooled analysis suggested that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), and low albumin (ALB) were positively associated with the risk of GSD. Meanwhile, GSD present to have higher AST, ALT, gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), globulin (G), and ALP levels and relatively lower TP and ALB levels than the healthy participants. These results were consistent when stratified by the study design, geographic background, and study quality. Only the association between ALP and GSD risk was validated in the UKB cohort. This study suggests liver function indicators were associated with GSD risk. The results may provide the basis for exploring the etiology of GSD and may help clinicians identify high‐risk subjects. Trial Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020179076). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We encountered repeatedly, in our clinical practice, discordant results between UBT and histopathology about H. pylori infection. Goal. To study the diagnostic accuracy of Heliprobe 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT) for detection of H. pylori infection in an Iranian population. Study. We enrolled 125 dyspeptic patients in our study. All of them underwent gastroscopy, and four gastric biopsies (three from the antrum and one from the corpus) were obtained. One of the antral biopsies was utilized for a rapid urease test (RUT), and three others were evaluated under microscopic examination. Sera from all patients were investigated for the presence of H. pylori IgG antibodies. The 14C-UBT was performed on all subjects using Heliprobe kit, and results were analyzed against the following gold standard (GS): H. pylori infection considered positive when any two of three diagnostic methods (histopathology, RUT, serology) are positive. Results. According to data analysis, the Heliprobe 14C-UBT had 94% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 93% negative predictive value (NPV), 100% positive predictive value (PPV), and 97% accuracy, compared with GS. Conclusion. The Heliprobe 14C-UBT is an easy-to-perform, rapid-response, and accurate test for H. pylori diagnosis, suitable for office use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]