1. Paternal Smoking and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
-
Ruiling Liu, Luoping Zhang, S. Katharine Hammond, and Cliona M. McHale
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,Liu [BRII recipient] ,Life Sciences ,Review Article ,Odds ratio ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Confidence interval ,3. Good health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Meta-analysis ,Tobacco exposure ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Childhood all ,Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - Abstract
Objective. To investigate the association between paternal smoking and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Method. We identified 18 published epidemiologic studies that reported data on both paternal smoking and childhood ALL risk. We performed a meta-analysis and analyzed dose-response relationships on ALL risk for smoking during preconception, during pregnancy, after birth, and ever smoking.Results. The summary odds ratio (OR) of childhood ALL associated with paternal smoking was 1.11 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.05–1.18,I2=18%) during any time period, 1.25 (95% CI: 1.08–1.46,I2=53%) preconception; 1.24 (95% CI: 1.07–1.43,I2=54%) during pregnancy, and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.96–1.60,I2=64%) after birth, with a dose-response relationship between childhood ALL and paternal smoking preconception or after birth.Conclusion. The evidence supports a positive association between childhood ALL and paternal ever smoking and at each exposure time period examined. Future epidemiologic studies should assess paternal smoking during well-defined exposure windows and should include biomarkers to assess smoking exposure and toxicological mechanisms.
- Published
- 2011