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To solve the increasingly serious traffic congestion and reduce traffic pressure, the bidirectional long and short-term memory (BiLSTM) algorithm is adopted to the traffic flow prediction. Firstly, a BiLSTM-based urban road short-term traffic state algorithm network is established based on the collected road traffic flow data, and then the internal memory unit structure of the network is optimized. After training and optimization, it becomes a high-quality prediction model. Then, the experimental simulation verification and prediction performance evaluation are performed. Finally, the data predicted by the BiLSTM algorithm model are compared with the actual data and the data predicted by the long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm model. Simulation comparison shows that the prediction results of LSTM and BiLSTM are consistent with the actual traffic flow trend, but the data of LSTM deviate greatly from the real situation, and the error is more serious during peak periods. BiLSTM is in good agreement with the real situation during the stationary period and the low peak period, and it is slightly different from the real situation during the peak period, but it can still be used as a reference. In general, the prediction accuracy of the BiLSTM algorithm for traffic flow is relatively high. The comparison of evaluation indicators shows that the coefficient of determination value of BiLSTM is 0.795746 greater than that of LSTM (0.778742), indicating that BiLSTM shows a higher degree of fitting than the LSTM algorithm, that is, the prediction of BiLSTM is more accurate. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value of BiLSTM is 9.718624%, which is less than 9.722147% of LSTM, indicating that the trend predicted by the BiLSTM is more consistent with the actual trend than that of LSTM. The mean absolute error (MAE) value of BiLSTM (105.087415) is smaller than that of LSTM (106.156847), indicating that its actual prediction error is smaller than LSTM. Generally speaking, BiLSTM shows advantages in traffic flow prediction over LSTM. Results of this study play a reliable reference role in the dynamic control, monitoring, and guidance of urban traffic, and congestion management., Author(s): Yujia Zhai [1]; Yan Wan [1]; Xiaoxiao Wang (corresponding author) [1] 1. Introduction With the continuous development of society, the process of urbanization is also accelerating and the traffic [...]

The error brought by space syntax in modeling computation and auxiliary analysis decision-making process has not been fully studied. In response to this phenomenon, this paper introduces two typical examples of digital visualization, 2D and 3D maps obtained using GIS and computer-aided design techniques, to design a multiflow system with elements interacting. By looking at flow models represented by traffic and walking, we consider how new real-time social media can be used to represent small-scale interactions at the spatial and social network levels. Watch how real-time data is sent to designers through various forms of dashboard by choosing the optimal radius, moderate model expansion range, with the aid of multisource urban data, choosing the appropriate fineness and modeling software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research showcases the Indoor Energy-Saving Optimization Design of green buildings. This integrated approach synergizes a building's Indoor Energy-Saving process based on the intelligent GANN-BIM model. The GANN-BIM model is driven by genetic algorithms (GAs), which include artificial neural networks (ANNs) along with building information models (BIMs). Building information modeling (BIM) is a technology that involves the modeling and management of digital representation of all forms of structural buildings. These intelligent models can be exchanged and extracted in the form of files and are mainly used for the designing and decision-making of a building. The BIM model is empowered as an intelligent technology by incorporating artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs). The main objective of the research is Indoor Energy-Saving by implementing an optimized design of green buildings. Green buildings can benefit from the GANN-BIM model's ability to handle complex and conflicting design requirements while using less computational power during the evaluation of the proposed approach. There are a variety of new green building technologies being developed, but they all share a common goal: to reduce human health and environmental impact by maximizing energy, water, and other resource efficiencies; protecting occupant health; reducing waste; and decreasing pollution. The empirical results of GANN-BIM proved that the proposed model outperforms well in enhancing energy evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the continuous improvement of living standard, people gradually improve the design quality of urban living space and require the living space to meet the standard of health design concept. This paper mainly focuses on the health concept of urban living space design, briefly elaborates on the health design concept of living space, and designs a soft furnishing layout model based on DBN according to the advantages of deep confidence network compared with BP neural network. The effect of the two models in the practical application of soft furnishing layout is explored, which is very important for the practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of aggravating environmental problems, the concept of green economy, advocated by policies introduced to solve such problems, is being increasingly recognized and emphasized. In addition, digital technologies, represented by the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, are constantly integrating with economic and social fields, gradually becoming an important driving force for economic and social development, and also bringing certain positive environmental effects. This study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the green economy of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) in the past three decades (1987-2018) under the background of administrative division adjustment and artificial intelligence development. First, the overall green economic development level of the GBA from 1987 to 2018 was analyzed using the superefficiency slack-based measure model. Then, the spatial pattern evolution characteristics and regional differences of green economy in the GBA in this period were assessed by the exploratory spatial data analysis model. According to the results of this study, (1) the green economic development levels of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Zhaoqing, and Hong Kong in the GBA always followed an increasing trend from 1987 to 2018. To be specific, Foshan, Zhongshan, Hong Kong, and Macao ranked among the top areas in the GBA in terms of average green economic development level; moreover, a strong positive correlation was found between economic strength and green economic development. (2) The overall green economic development level of the GBA roughly followed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, fluctuating around 0.45 on average. (3) Clearly, the green economy of various cities in the GBA showed certain correlations in 1987-2005, but with great fluctuations. However, no spatial correlation was observed after 2006. On the whole, in the GBA, the spatial agglomeration of green economy was weak. (4) There was a general lack of obvious spatial agglomeration in the overall green economic development of the GBA, especially in western Guangdong. In contrast, spatial agglomeration was obvious in eastern Guangdong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space has become a driver not only for knowledge, inspiration, cooperation, and policymaking, but also for high-end technology integration into the manufacturing domain. As the high-density city quarters, the Macau Peninsula carries multiple functions via its public outdoor spaces, and they are of vital significance. Closely intertwined with Industry 4.0 is therefore the next industrial revolution that is already showcasing the benefits of increased connectivity, intelligence, and flexible automation. The rapid urbanization of Macao was not guided by sound land use planning, induced the scattering of many negative spaces on narrow streets. Because of their irregular shapes and utilization difficulties, these spaces gradually become leftover spaces. A number of measurement-based street leftover spaces models have been developed over the years by researchers as well as standards bodies to model path in typical wireless environments. In this paper, the streets of Macao are analyzed based on the city characteristics. The pedestrians and spatial relationships are investigated via space syntax and SPSS regression fitting. Finally, activation design of street leftover spaces is conducted, for making better use of leftover spaces, compensate for the functional deficiencies of streets, and endow them with more vigor and vitality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers a single-machine group scheduling problem with due-window assignment, where the jobs are classified into groups and the jobs in the same group must be processed in succession. The goal is to minimize the weighted sum of lateness and due-window assignment cost, where the weights depend on the position in which a job is scheduled (i.e., position-dependent weights). For the common, slack, and different due-window assignment methods, we prove that the problem can be solved polynomially, i.e., in O N log N time, where N is the number of jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Moxibustion, a traditional Chinese medicine technique, involves the use of moxa smoke from Folium Artemisia argyi to treat various disorders, especially superficial infections. However, there is a higher health risk for people exposed to high levels of moxa smoke for extended durations. Here, we report the first ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint profiles and pharmacodynamic evaluation of moxa smoke, as well as evaluation of its aqueous solution on a rat model of superficial infection. Methods. A novel method for moxa smoke fingerprint profiling was developed using UHPLC under characteristic wavelength. Chromatographic peaks were further analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). 12 sample batches obtained from various Chinese provinces were then analyzed using similarity evaluation, clustering analysis, and principal component analysis. The pharmacodynamics of moxa smoke and moxa aqueous solution were investigated on a rat model of acute skin wound infection. Results. UHPLC fingerprint profiles of 12 batches of moxa smoke were generated at 270 nm wavelength and 21 chromatographic peaks extracted as common peaks. Similarity between the 12 batches ranged from 0.341 to 0.982. Based on cluster analysis, the 12 batches of moxa smoke samples were clustered into five groups. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution of the three principal components reached 90.17%. Eigenvalues of the first, second, and third principal components were 10.794, 6.504, and 1.638, respectively. The corresponding variance contribution rates were 51.40%, 30.97%, and 7.80%, respectively. Pharmacological analysis found that wound healing was slow in the model group relative to the mupirocin ointment, moxa smoke, and aqueous moxa smoke solution groups. Histological analysis revealed markedly reduced tissue inflammation in rats treated with moxa smoke or its aqueous solution. Conclusions. Moxa smoke and its aqueous solution significantly promote wound healing upon superficial infection. A novel quality control method for moxa smoke was established and evaluated for the first time. As its main effects are unchanged, the transformation of moxa smoke into aqueous moxa smoke improves safety and is a simple and controllable process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui, DG) is one of the most commonly prescribed traditional Chinese medicines. The organic components include phthalides and phenolic acids. Meanwhile, inorganic elements play an important role in clinical effect. DG and its different parts have different effects. There is no relevant report on the analysis of organic compounds and inorganic elements among them. Therefore, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of 13 organic components (8 phthalides and 5 phenolic acids), and 8 inorganic elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The contents of 32 samples were analyzed by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and least-significant difference of one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the differences were significant among DG and its different parts. 11 difference markers (Ca, Z-ligustilide, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, K, Cu, Zn, coniferyl ferulate, and senkyunolide A) were obtained by variable importance for the project. These difference markers were some different among DG and its different parts, especially Z‐ligustilide, coniferyl ferulate, Mg, Zn, the differences were significant. This study can provide a reference for DG research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Clinical and experimental data suggest that ultrasound stimulation (US) at acupoints can produce similar effective treatment compared to manual acupuncture (MA). Although the brain activation to MA at acupoints is investigated by numerous studies, the brain activation to US at acupoints remains unclear. Methods. In the present work, we employed task state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the human brain's activation to US and MA at ST 36 (Zusanli) which is one of the most commonly used acupoints in acupuncture-related studies. 16 healthy subjects underwent US and MA procedures in an interval of more than one week. On-off block design stimulation was used for the recording of fMRI-related brain patterns. Results. Both US and MA at ST 36 produced activations in somatosensory and limbic/paralimbic regions (postcentral gyrus, insula, middle prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex). Only US at ST 36 produced a significant signal increase in the inferior parietal lobule and decrease in the posterior cingulate cortex, whereas MA at ST 36 produced a significant signal increase in the lentiform nucleus and cerebellum. Conclusions. Our results indicate that US may be a possible noninvasive alternative method to MA due to its similar activation patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bifacial solar cells based on organic-inorganic perovskite are fabricated with a laminating process. The structure of the devices is ITO/SnO2/CH3NH3PbI3/NiO x /ITO, in which both electrodes are the transparent ITO layer. Therefore, the device can receive light from both sides. By laminating the two half-devices, ITO/SnO2/CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3/NiO x /ITO, at high temperature with pressure, the merging of the middle perovskite layers is enhanced. The optimized bifacial PSCs show a Voc of 0.85 V, FF of 0.58, Jsc of 17.53 mA/cm2, and PCE of 8.47%. The photovoltaic performance varies when the light is illuminated from different sides of the bifacial PSCs. With illumination from the SnO2 side, the Voc and Jsc of the PSCs are apparently higher than those from the NiO x side, suggesting more severe electron-hole recombination at the NiO x /perovskite interface than at the SnO2/perovskite interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chloramphenicol- (CAP-) restricted access media-molecularly imprinted polymers (CAP-RAM-MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization using CAP as a template molecule, 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEM) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EDMA) as a crosslinking agent, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as an outer hydrophilic functional monomer, and acetonitrile as a pore former and solvent. The CAP-RAM-MIPs were successfully characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption performance was investigated in detail using static, dynamic, and selective adsorption experiments. Adsorption equilibrium could be reached within 11 min. The CAP-RAM-MIPs had a high adsorption rate and good specific adsorption properties. Scatchard fitting curves indicated there were two binding sites for CAP-RAM-MIPs. Adsorption was Freundlich multilayer adsorption and consistent with the quasi-second kinetic model. Using CAP-RAM-MIPs for selective separation and enrichment CAP in bovine serum in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), CAP recovery ranged from 94.1 to 97.9% with relative standard deviations of 0.7–1.5%. This material has broad application prospects in enrichment and separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a new strategy for the detection of enrofloxacin (ENR) in food samples by the use of monodisperse ENR molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Using enrofloxacin as template molecule, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, and ethylene diglycidyl ether as cross-linker, surface molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared on the surface of polymeric glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PGMA-EDMA) microspheres. The surface morphology and imprinting behavior of PGMA-EDMA@MIPs were investigated and optimized. Synthesized PGMA-EDMA@MIPs showed good physical and chemical stability and specific recognition toward fluoroquinolones. The introduction of PGMA-EDMA microspheres greatly increased the adsorption area of PGMA-EDMA@MIPs and increased the adsorption capacity of target molecules. The core shell structure increased the adsorption rate, and adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 6 min, much higher than that of MIPs synthesized by traditional methods. Enrofloxacin in milk samples was detected by molecular imprinting solid phase extraction (MISPE) combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Implementing this method resulted in a recovery rate of 94.6~109.6% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 3.2%. The limit of detection (LOD) of this method was identified as three times the signal-to-noise ratio (10 μg/L). In summary, this work proposed a sensitive, rapid, and convenient method for the determination of trace ENR in food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crack initiation is related to the behavior of the preexisting microcracks within a rock specimen, which suggests the specimen starts to fail. The determination of crack initiation stress is important for identifying the elastic stage and related mechanical parameters. Uniaxial compression tests with acoustic emission monitoring were performed to study crack initiation for tight sandstone, loose sandstone, and granite. The evolution of the cracking mode, i.e., the statistics of the cracking mode under compression, was obtained through modified acoustic emission parameter analysis. Based on the logarithm of the acoustic emission parameter (LAEP), a cracking mode analysis (CMA) method is proposed and used to determine the crack initiation stress. Results from the tests indicate that the crack initiation stress between the same rock specimens obtained by CMA is very close. The mean ratio of crack initiation stress to compression strength is 0.45, 0.34, and 0.35 for tight sandstone, loose sandstone, and granite, respectively. According to the results of CMA, crack volumetric strain (CVS) method, and lateral strain response (LSR) method, there is no big difference among those methods in tight sandstone and loose sandstone. In granite, the results obtained by CMA are close to those obtained by CVS, but smaller than those obtained by LSR. The CMA interprets the initiation of cracks from the fracture behavior of microcracks and is an objective method to determine the initiation stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amblyopia results from inadequate visual experience during the critical period of visual development. Abnormal binocular interactions are believed to play a critical role in amblyopia. These binocular deficits can often be resolved, owing to the residual visual plasticity in amblyopes. In this study, we quantitatively measured the sensory eye dominance in treated anisometropic amblyopes to determine whether they had fully recovered. Fourteen treated anisometropic amblyopes with normal or corrected to normal visual acuity participated, and their sensory eye dominance was assessed by using a binocular phase combination paradigm. We found that the two eyes were unequal in binocular combination in most (11 out of 14) of our treated anisometropic amblyopes, but none of the controls. We concluded that the treated anisometropic amblyopes, even those with a normal range of visual acuity, exhibited abnormal binocular processing. Our results thus suggest that there is potential for improvement in treated anisometropic amblyopes that may further enhance their binocular visual functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periodontitis is the most common cause of tooth loss and bone destruction in adults worldwide. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) may represent promising new therapeutic biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Stromal precursor antigen-1 (STRO-1) has been shown to have roles in adherence, proliferation, and multipotency. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to enhance proliferation in osteoblasts. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the functions of STRO-1(+) and STRO-1(−) hPDLSCs and to investigate the effects of PTH on the osteogenic capacity of STRO-1(+) hPDLSCs in order to evaluate their potential applications in the treatment of periodontitis. Our data showed that STRO-1(+) hPDLSCs expressed higher levels of the PTH-1 receptor (PTH1R) than STRO-1(−) hPDLSCs. In addition, intermittent PTH treatment enhanced the expression of PTH1R and osteogenesis-related genes in STRO-1(+) hPDLSCs. PTH-treated cells also exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization ability. Therefore, STRO-1(+) hPDLSCs represented a more promising cell resource for biomaterials and tissue engineering applications. Intermittent PTH treatment improved the capacity for STRO-1(+) hPDLSCs to repair damaged tissue and ameliorate the symptoms of periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks have been widely exploited to provide high-speed Internet access. By assigning different channels, the interference between wireless mesh network nodes can be greatly reduced, leading to a better network performance. However, the channel assignment attacks have imposed a serious security problem, where the diverse messages, that is, Channel Usage Message (CUM), Channel Change Message (CCM), Channel Switch Operation (CSO) and Security Alarm Message (SAM), are often used to launch attacks by the malicious nodes in order to disturb the normal channel assignment and thus the overall network performance. In this paper, we propose a joint anti-attack scheme (JAS) against the channel assignment attacks. Our JAS is composed of four key components: CUM, CCM, CSO and SAM defense schemes to protect the channel assignment. The CUM defense scheme verifies the CUM messages and their sender. The CCM defense scheme employs three rounds of CCM verifications. Furthermore, three control messages are exploited by the CSO defense scheme. The SAM defense scheme offers two rounds of verification for the alarm messages. Moreover, we apply our JAS to a popular distributed channel assignment algorithm, that is, Hyacinth. Through extensive simulation, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by comparing with SeCA and SmartC in terms of G o o d p u t and additional overhead. Observed from the simulation results, our scheme is demonstrated to outperform the best-known secure channel assignment algorithms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endoscopic thyroidectomy is a relatively new approach in treating differentiated thyroid cancer. Since last decades, more and more endoscopic thyroidectomies have been performed. We review the indications and contraindications, methods, and postoperational complications of this surgical procedure. Lots of surgical approaches have been developed in endoscopic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Compared to conventional thyroidectomy, scarless endoscopic thyroidectomy has a superior cosmetic result. And it also reduces the incidence of hypesthesia, paresthesia, or feelings of self-consciousness. However, the outcome depends, to a large extent, on the skill of the operator and the learning curve being relatively long. With the development of surgical equipments and skills, operation time and complications will be reduced. Indications of endoscopic thyroidectomy will be widened and it will be more and more performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]