1. Australian Group on Antimicrobial Research surveillance outcome programs - bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns from patients less than 18 years of age, January 2020 - December 2021.
- Author
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Williams A, Coombs GW, Bell J, Daley DA, Mowlaboccus S, Bryant PA, Campbell AJ, Cooley L, Iredell J, Irwin AD, Kesson A, McMullan B, Warner MS, Williams P, and Blyth CC
- Subjects
- Humans, Adolescent, Child, Australia epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Infant, Male, Female, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Infant, Newborn, Gram-Negative Bacteria drug effects, Gram-Negative Bacteria isolation & purification, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacteremia microbiology, Bacteremia epidemiology, Bacteremia drug therapy, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Abstract
Abstract: From 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021, thirty-eight institutions across Australia submitted data to the Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) from patients aged < 18 years (AGAR-Kids). Over the two years, 1,679 isolates were reported from 1,611 patients. This AGAR-Kids report aims to describe the population of children and adolescents with bacteraemia reported to AGAR and the proportion of resistant isolates. Overall, there were 902 gram-negative isolates reported: 800 Enterobacterales , 61 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 41 Acinetobacter spp. Among the Enterobacterales , 12.9% were resistant to third generation cephalosporins; 11.6% to gentamicin/tobramycin; and 11.2% to piperacillin-tazobactam. In total, 14.5% of Enterobacterales were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Only 3.3% of P. aeruginosa were resistant to carbapenems and 4.9% were MDR. Resistance in Acinetobacter spp was uncommon. Of 607 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 12.9% were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Almost half of S. aureus isolates from the Northern Territory were MRSA. In S. aureus , resistance to erythromycin was 13.2%; 12.4% to clindamycin; and 5.3% to ciprofloxacin. Resistance to all antibiotics tested was higher in MRSA. Overall, 6.5% of S. aureus were MDR, of which 65% were MRSA. Almost three-quarters of the 170 Enterococcus spp. reported were E. faecalis , and half were from patients < 1 year old. Ampicillin resistance in enterococci was 19.6%. Eight isolates were vancomycin resistant and three isolates were teicoplanin resistant. Five E. faecium isolates were classified as MDR. This AGAR-Kids report highlights clear differences in the geographic distribution of pathogens and resistance profiles across Australia., (© Commonwealth of Australia CC BY-NC-ND.)
- Published
- 2024
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