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Background: This study aims to examine the rare entity of unilateral macular lesions in the pediatric population and describe the distinct diagnoses and characterizations related to these findings., Methods: A retrospective cohort design. The database of the ophthalmology clinic in a tertiary medical center was reviewed to identify all children with incidental unilateral macular findings, examined during 2016 through 2021., Results: Twenty children were included. Mean age was 7.8 ± 3.4 years, 50% were girls. The most common macular lesion was torpedo maculopathy (50%), followed by pigmentary changes (25%), discoid maculopathy (15%), macular scar and combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (5% each). None of the lesions changed after a mean follow-up duration of 2.3 ± 1.5 years. Visual acuity in the involved eye was equal to that in the contralateral eye in 90% of patients and did not change from initial to final visit., Conclusion: Incidental unilateral macular lesions in the pediatric population are usually benign, stable, and do not affect vision. Long-term follow-up is advised, as vision-threatening alterations may appear. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54:346-352.] .

Background and Objective: To assess the foveal microvascular structure of children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated with diode laser photocoagulation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)., Patients and Methods: OCTA was performed at a tertiary medical center in 17 children (27 eyes) aged 4 to 16 years with a history of diode laser photocoagulation treated ROP. OCTA parameters were compared with those of 12 healthy age-matched controls (23 eyes) attending the orthoptics clinic and correlated with clinical factors., Results: Compared with controls, the ROP group had a smaller foveal avascular zone area ( P < .001), lower deep vascular plexus density ( P < .001), lower flow density ( P = .025), and greater central macular thickness ( P < .001). High intraventricular hemorrhage grade correlated with smaller foveal avascular zone area ( P = .008) and greater inner macular thickness ( P = .047). There was no impact of gestational age, birth weight, or refractive status., Conclusion: OCTA can identify significant quantifiable long-term macular microvascular and structural changes in this patient population. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina . 2022;53(4):194-201.] .

Background and Objective: To describe the multimodal imaging characteristics associated with punctate outer retinal toxoplasmosis (PORT)., Patients and Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, observational case series of three patients who presented with PORT. Multimodal imaging was reviewed including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography angiography, and conventional dye-based angiography., Results: Patient ages ranged from 13 years to 55 years. Each patient had multiple white, punctate outer retinal lesions in the affected eye at initial diagnosis. OCT showed both inner and outer retinal changes, including disruption of the ellipsoid and interdigitation zones and retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane complex, as well as punctate, preretinal, hyperreflective lesions at the vitreoretinal interface, which regressed with treatment., Conclusion: Multimodal imaging is useful in diagnosing and monitoring treatment response in PORT, an uncommon presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis that must be differentiated from white dot syndromes or other causes of unilateral retinitis. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2019;50:281-287.]., (Copyright 2019, SLACK Incorporated.)

As rates of infectious syphilis continue to rise in the U.S., it is important to be familiar with known manifestations of ocular syphilis as well as report presentations not previously described in the literature. Here, the authors report a case of a 49-year-old myopic woman presenting with bilateral white dots characteristic of a white dot syndrome; these white dots were not evident on slit-lamp examination and became obvious on fundus autofluorescence. She tested positive and was successfully treated for syphilis. This case demonstrates that ocular syphilis can present with white dots and should be on the differential diagnosis of white dot syndromes. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2019;50:e52-e55.]., (Copyright 2019, SLACK Incorporated.)

Background and Objective: To determine whether subretinal fluid drainage (SRF) using perfluorocarbon (PFC) during rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair reduces postoperative metamorphopsia., Patients and Methods: Consecutive patients after RRD were evaluated for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), funduscopy, and metamorphopsia using M-CHARTS. Fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography were performed. Clinical and operative data were collected., Results: The cohort included 30 patients, of whom 11 (36.7%) underwent intraoperative PFC injection. Rates of macula-off RRD were similar in the two groups (54.5% and 47.4%, P = .705). No association was found between PFC injection and metamorphopsia score. Preoperative macula-off RRD was associated with significantly higher vertical and horizontal metamorphopsia scores than preoperative macula-on. BCVA was significantly worse in the patients with metamorphopsia (logMAR 0.15 vs. logMAR 0.04; P = .042) CONCLUSION: Intraoperative SRF drainage with PFC appears to have no beneficial effect on postoperative metamorphopsia. Metamorphopsia is associated with macular status. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:e263-e270.]., (Copyright 2018, SLACK Incorporated.)