1. Hétérogénéité des ascendances mésolithiques et steppiques dans des génomes d’individus du Néolithique et du Campaniforme du territoire français
- Author
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Jean Guilaine, Jean-François Deleuze, John Southon, Love Dalén, Yaramila Tchérémissinoff, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Beth Shapiro, Richard Donat, Ludovic Orlando, Claire Manen, Eric Crubézy, Clio Der Sarkissian, Catherine Thèves, Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre for Palaeogenetics, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and ANR-17-CE12-0018,LifeChange,Déchiffrer les conséquences biologiques et pathogéniques liées à un changement majeur de mode de vie(2017)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Yamnaya ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Steppe ,Human Migration ,Population ,Bell Beaker ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,collective burial ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Beaker ,Bronze Age ,Humans ,DNA, Ancient ,education ,ancient DNA ,Hunter-gatherer ,Mesolithic ,History, Ancient ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,geography ,education.field_of_study ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Genome, Human ,Genomics ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Archaeology ,methylomeoral microbiome ,Europe ,030104 developmental biology ,Ancient DNA ,paleogenomics ,Late Neolithic ,admixture ,France ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Mediterranean Islands ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Summary The transition from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age has witnessed important population and societal changes in western Europe. 1 These include massive genomic contributions of pastoralist herders originating from the Pontic-Caspian steppes 2 , 3 into local populations, resulting from complex interactions between collapsing hunter-gatherers and expanding farmers of Anatolian ancestry. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 This transition is documented through extensive ancient genomic data from present-day Britain, 9 , 10 Ireland, 11 , 12 Iberia, 13 Mediterranean islands, 14 , 15 and Germany. 8 It remains, however, largely overlooked in France, where most focus has been on the Middle Neolithic (n = 63), 8 , 9 , 16 with the exception of one Late Neolithic genome sequenced at 0.05× coverage. 16 This leaves the key transitional period covering ∼3,400–2,700 cal. years (calibrated years) BCE genetically unsampled and thus the exact time frame of hunter-gatherer persistence and arrival of steppe migrations unknown. To remediate this, we sequenced 24 ancient human genomes from France spanning ∼3,400–1,600 cal. years BCE. This reveals Late Neolithic populations that are genetically diverse and include individuals with dark skin, hair, and eyes. We detect heterogeneous hunter-gatherer ancestries within Late Neolithic communities, reaching up to ∼63.3% in some individuals, and variable genetic contributions of steppe herders in Bell Beaker populations. We provide an estimate as late as ∼3,800 years BCE for the admixture between Neolithic and Mesolithic populations and as early as ∼2,650 years BCE for the arrival of steppe-related ancestry. The genomic heterogeneity characterized underlines the complex history of human interactions even at the local scale.
- Published
- 2021
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