Search

Fil: Dicks, Lynn V. University of Cambridge. Department of Zoology. Reino Unido. Fil: Breeze, Tom D. Reading University. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development. Centre for Agri-Environmental Research. Reino Unido. Fil: Ngo, Hien T. IPBES Secretariat. Alemania. Fil: Senapathi, Deepa. Reading University. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development. Centre for Agri-Environmental Research. Reino Unido. Fil: An, Jiandong. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Institute of Apicultural Research. China. Fil: Aizen, Marcelo A. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Basu, Parthiba. University of Calcutta. Department of Zoology. India. Fil: Buchori, Damayanti. IPB University. Center for Transdisciplinary and Sustainability Sciences. Indonesia. Fil: Galetto, Leonardo. Universidad de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Córdoba, Argentina. Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Gemmill-Herren, Barbara. World Agroforestry Centre. Kenia. Fil: Howlett, Brad G. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited. Nueva Zelanda. Fil: Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera L. University of Sao Paulo. Biosciences Institute. Brasil Fil: Johnson, Steven D. University of KwaZulu-Natal. School of Life Sciences. Centre for Functional Biodiversity. Sudáfrica. Fil: Kovács-Hostyánszki, Anikó. Centre for Ecological Research. Institute of Ecology and Botany. Hungría. Fil: Jung Kwon, Yong. Kyungpook National University. School of Applied Biosciences. Corea del Sur. Fil: Lattorff, H. Michael G. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology. Kenia. Fil: Lungharwo, Thingreipi. Naga Women’s Union. India. Fil: Seymour, Colleen L. Kirstenbosch Research Centre. South African National Biodiversity Institute. Sudáfrica. Fil: Vanbergen, Adam J. University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Francia. Fil: Potts, Simon G. Reading University. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development.Centre for Agri-Environmental Research. Reino Unido. Pollinator decline has attracted global attention and substantial efforts are underway to respond through national pollinator strategies and action plans. These policy responses require clarity on what is driving pollinator decline and what risks it generates for society in different parts of the world. Using a formal expert elicitation process, we evaluated the relative regional and global importance of eight drivers of pollinator decline and ten consequent risks to human well-being. Our results indicate that global policy responses should focus on reducing pressure from changes in land cover and configuration, land management and pesticides, as these were considered very important drivers in most regions. We quantify how the importance of drivers and risks from pollinator decline, differ among regions. For example, losing access to managed pollinators was considered a serious risk only for people in North America, whereas yield instability in pollinator-dependent crops was classed as a serious or high risk in four regions but only a moderate risk in Europe and North America. Overall, perceived risks were substantially higher in the Global South. Despite extensive research on pollinator decline, our analysis reveals considerable scientific uncertainty about what this means for human society.

Determining bee flight capacity is crucial for developing management strategies for bee conservation and/or crop pollination and purposes. In this study, we determined the flight distance of the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata using the radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology. For this, we conducted two translocation experiments using workers equipped with RFID microsensors: (1) release of bees at seven distances between 100 and 3000 m from experimental colonies in Belém, Brazil, and (2) at six distances between 1500 and 10,000 m at Carajás National Forest Reserve. Return rates of workers were negatively correlated to release distance, with typical flight distances of 2 km, but a maximum homing distance of 10 km. Use of RFID tags revealed how past experiments may have greatly underestimated homing abilities of stingless bees. Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-18T00:55:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NunesSilva2020ArticleRadiofrequencyIdentificationRF.pdf: 1323919 bytes, checksum: f4f9452df5cf30549fbdb12260b3821a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

International audience; AbstractIn Brazil, where the use of neonicotinoids is allowed in bee-attracting flowering crops, we investigated whether thiamethoxam intake during the larval stage of the native bee species Scaptotrigona aff. depilis affects the survival and development by exposing larvae to contaminated food. Our results indicated that the larvae exposed to the dose at a field-realistic level and to the doses ranging around it had their survival rates significantly impaired. At the highest doses, we observed larvae and pupae with shorter and longer development times, respectively, and the formation of smaller and asymmetric specimens. Evidently, we need to consider that thiamethoxam reaches the pollen and nectar at residual levels, and that they are processed by nurse bees before destined for offspring. Nevertheless, our findings suggest a warning, since the individuals had their biological parameters affected by thiamethoxam, when exposed to doses at field-realistic levels.

International audience; AbstractIn this study, we investigate the behavioural response of the highly eusocial stingless bee Scaptotrigona depilis to high temperatures. We found that nest temperature in the brood area can be up to 2.5 °C lower relative to a control empty box during hot periods. We showed that high temperatures increase both water collection and wing fanning behaviour at the colony level, suggesting that these behaviours are adaptations to cooling the nest in this species. Additionally, we measured survival and development time of pupae incubated at five different constant temperatures (22, 26, 30, 34 and 38 °C). We found that the development time of S. depilis brood significantly varied between treatments and had a strong negative correlation with temperature. Brood survived over a large range of incubation temperatures; however, extreme temperatures (22 and 38 °C) were almost 100 % lethal, highlighting the importance of thermoregulation, at least in extreme conditions.

Stingless bees are social bees that live in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. All species produce honey, which has been appreciated by humans since ancient times. Here, the general panorama of meliponiculture is presented. Deforestation and poor management are the main problems faced by this incipient industry. For a profitable meliponiculture, much more biological information is needed, as well as field studies in natural conditions. In the near future, we suggest that the successful use of these pollinators will promote the development of new breeding techniques and commercialization possibilities, which must be designed to be sustainable. meliponiculture / stingless bees / breeding / honey / wax / pollinators / Apidae / Meliponini

International audience

La theorie de la selection de la parentele predit qu'un individu peut parvenir a l'adequation adaptative (fitness) au moyen de la reproduction indirecte en aidant l'elevage des descendants d'un parent et l'on s'attend a ce que cette aide soit dirigee de preference vers les individus qui partagent un fort degre de parente avec l'acteur. M. bicolor est la seule espece fortement eusociale connue qui presente une polygynie facultative de longue duree. Nous avons teste la tendance eventuelle des ouvrieres a faire la distinction entre des reines physogastriques qui leur sont plus ou moins apparentees. Une colonie possedant deux reines physogastriques, qui s'etaient accouplees quatre mois plus tot et etaient probablement sœurs, a ete suivie pendant cinq jours et cinq nuits de suite du point de vue des processus d'approvisionnement et de ponte (POPs). Nous avons enregistre les types de comportement suivants d'ouvrieres marquees individuellement: aprovisionnement de la cellule avant la ponte, ponte avant et apres la ponte de la reine, obturation de la cellule apres la ponte de la reine. Afin d'evaluer l'eventuelle preference de ces ouvrieres marquees pour l'une ou l'autre reine, nous avons enregistre le nombre total de comportement effectues par chaque ouvriere vis-a-vis de chaque reine. La note 1 a ete attribuee a la reine lorsque le comportement n'etait effectue que vis-a-vis d'une reine, et la note un demi a chaque reine, lorsque les deux reines etaient presentes au cours du POP. Seules les ouvrieres que nous avons vu participer a quatre POPs au moins ont ete retenues pour l'analyse (figure 1). La possibilite que les ouvrieres aient pu etre stimulees par la presence d'une reine et n'aient pas ete inhibees par la presence de l'autre a ete prise en consideration. Aussi dans une autre analyse, seuls les POPs au cours desquels une seule reine etait presente, ont ete retenus et nous avons a nouveau teste l'eventuelle preference des ouvrieres (figure 2). Dans les deux cas, les ouvrieres ayant reparti leurs activites au hasard sur les cellules frequentees par les reines, nous en concluons qu'elles n'ont pas de preference pour l'une ou l'autre des reines. Par ailleurs, nous avons retire de la colonie utilisee pour l'experience 1 l'une des reines et l'avons remplace par deux reines physogastriques non apparentees, prelevees dans d'autres colonies. Nous avons repete le suivi des comportements et refait la meme analyse de donnees; la encore nous n'avons trouve aucune preference des ouvrieres, que la reine leur soit apparentee ou non (figures 3 et 4). Dans une troisieme experience nous avons recherche si les gardiennes a l'entree de la colonie rejetaient les reines physogastriques etrangeres. Pour cela huit reines physogastriques ont ete retirees de leur colonie et immediatement placees a l'entree d'une colonie choisie au hasard et possedant une reine. L'introduction a ete consideree comme reussie lorsqu'au moins trois heures plus tard la reine pouvait etre observee sur le rayon apparemment en bonne sante. Toutes les reines introduites ont ete acceptees. Implications sur le plan de l'evolution: si la possibilite existe de discriminer les reines d'apres des informations genetiques, elle n'est pas utilisee par les ouvrieres presentes dans la colonie.

International audience

International audience

International audience