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1. Tuning the decay time of liquid scintillators

Author

Krasimir Mitev, Chavdar Dutsov, Benoît Sabot, Matthieu Hamel, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Laboratoire Capteurs Fibres Optiques (LCFO), This research was performed with financial support of National Science Fund of Bulgaria in the frame of the TDCX project, contract No KP-06-H38/9 06.12.19., Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
fluorophore, Materials science, Photoluminescence, Liquid scintillator, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Biophysics, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Particle detector, chemistry.chemical_compound, Viscosity, decay time, sensor, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, Scintillation, TCSPC, Pyrene, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Toluene, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, chemistry, Radiation detection, photoluminescence, 0210 nano-technology, ionizing radiation
Abstract

International audience; The choice of an appropriate viscosity of a liquid scintillator solvent can lead to the fine tuning of its decay time. We present herein the photophysical and scintillation properties of liquid scintillators containing pyrene and 9,10-diphenylanthracene as the primary and secondary fluorophores, respectively, being dissolved either in toluene, diisopropylnaphthalene or mixtures of these two solvents. By modifying the dynamic viscosity, the photoluminescence decay time can be easily chosen in the range 40–120 ns. For all liquid scintillators the light yields were satisfying, and the scintillation decays were slightly different, ranging from 36 up to 125 ns.

Published
2021
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2. The role of the secondary fluorophore in ternary plastic scintillators aiming at discriminating fast neutrons from gamma-rays

Author

Matthieu Hamel, Romuald Woo, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Robert Bernard Pansu, Chrystele Dehe-Pittance, Zhengyu Zhang, Amélie Grabowski, Eva Montbarbon, Dominique Tromson, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires (PPSM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15-CE39-0006,NESSYNED,Nouveaux Systèmes Scintillants pour la Détection de Neutrons(2015), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))

Subjects
Materials science, Fluorophore, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Biophysics, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, neutron detection, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Neutron detection, Figure of merit, Plastic scintillators, Triplet-triplet annihilation, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], nuclear instrumentation, neutron-gamma discrimination, business.industry, Attenuation length, Gamma ray, Self-absorption, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Neutron temperature, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry, Secondary fluorophore, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; Since Helium-3 shortage announcement, organic scintillators play a major role in neutron detection. Our laboratory decided to focus on plastic scintillators and their ability to discriminate fast neutrons from gamma rays. In this work, we highlight the influence of the secondary fluorophore in lab-made plastic scintillators. The secondary fluorophore is generally added in the scintillating mixture to shift the emission wavelength towards the transparency domain of the material to improve its attenuation length. Thus, it is considered as a harmless molecule and is barely seen as a key criterion that could enhance the performances of the organic scintillator. In our work, we demonstrate that this molecule, even added at a small concentration (typically in the range 0.02–0.2 wt%), directly impacts the neutron/gamma discrimination ability of plastics. Not only the secondary fluorophore plays a role in self-absorption of the scintillating material, but also the couple it creates with the primary fluorophore has to be carefully chosen, as some specific triplet energy transfers between the two fluorophores can influence the neutron/gamma discrimination abilities of the plastic scintillator. Aside from classical photophysical inconveniences such as self-absorption or diffusion, the possibility that the whole, bulk material was heterogeneous in a photochemical point of view was also checked. Thus, various samples were cut from bulk monoliths and their pulse shape discrimination compared with the parent scintillator in terms of Figure of Merit and light output.

Published
2019
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3. Tuning the decay time of plastic scintillators

Author

Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Hana Burešová, Malik Soumaré, Matthieu Hamel, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Nuvia a.s., Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST)

Subjects
Materials science, Field (physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, General Chemical Engineering, Stacking, Time-correlated single photon counting, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, materials, Optics, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Decay time, nuclear instrumentation, Plastic scintillator, instrumentation, Range (particle radiation), Scintillation, detector, business.industry, primary fluorophore, Process Chemistry and Technology, Detector, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; In the field of nuclear physics, plastic scintillators are popular and efficient radiation detectors thanks to the following properties: they can be prepared in large volumes, are cheap and various configurations can be afforded to the material. However, peculiar applications might require plastic scintillator with unusual scintillation decay times, such as laser beam positioning or detectors stacking. In the case of the scintillation decay time, commercial suppliers do not propose many choices, as only the range 0.7–10 ns is usually covered, along with a longer decay time – 285 ns – material. Herein we propose a new concept and associated formulations where the scintillation decay time can be finely chosen and tuned in a range starting at 2.5 ns and finishing around 90 ns. These materials are presented, synthesized and characterized.

Published
2019
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4. Severe acute pancreatitis in a child with phenylketonuria

Author

V. Bertrand, H. Bruel, E. Smokvina, E. Masson, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, ECLA, Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Computed tomography, Gastroenterology, Enteral administration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Phenylketonurias, Back pain, medicine, Humans, Decompensation, Metabolic disease, Phenylalanine level, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Pancreatitis, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Acute Disease, Acute pancreatitis, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

We report for the first time severe acute pancreatitis in a child treated for phenylketonuria (PKU) discovered on neonatal screening. This 2-year-old boy was first hospitalized for bilious vomiting and moderate back pain. Laboratory values included a lipase level of 1.142 U/L, a phenylalanine level of 10mg/dL, and computed tomography revealed Balthazar grade E pancreatitis. Continuous enteral feeding was started on the 3rd day after admission. We observed clinical and biological improvement. Etiologic investigations for pancreatitis returned negative. Despite the severity of the pancreatitis, we did not observe decompensation of the metabolic disease. Specific nutritional management was necessary.

Published
2019
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5. Arthroscopy-assisted Trillat procedure for anterior shoulder instability: Surgical technique and preliminary clinical results

Author

Pierre Martz, V. Bertrand, Emmanuel Baulot, Ludovic Labattut, Pierre Trouilloud, Marc Arcens, P.Y. Reybet Degat, Service orthopédie - traumatologie [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre orthopédique [Dracy-Le-Fort], Université de Genève (UNIGE), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Joint Instability, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Shoulder, Shoulder surgery, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Arthroscopy, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Performed Procedure, Medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, 030222 orthopedics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Shoulder Joint, Open surgery, Shoulder arthroscopy, 030229 sport sciences, Anterior shoulder, Latarjet procedure, Surgery, Arthroscopic Trillat procedure, Patient Satisfaction, Operative time, Female, Anterior shoulder instability, business, Range of motion, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

International audience; The Trillat procedure performed as open surgery to treat anterior shoulder instability has been proven effective in preventing recurrences and restoring range of motion. An arthroscopically assisted variant of the Trillat procedure is described here, together with the preliminary clinical results in 18 patients treated between 2011 and 2014. After a mean follow-up of 24.7±9.8 months, the clinical outcomes were very satisfactory, with a Walch-Duplay score of 81.5±18.0, a Rowe score of 83.6±16.0, and 94% of satisfied or very satisfied patients. Mean operative time was 55±13min. No recurrences were recorded. As an easily performed procedure that provides good clinical outcomes, the arthroscopically assisted Trillat procedure is a simple and reproducible alternative to arthroscopic Latarjet procedure, which is still reserved for highly experienced surgical teams.

Published
2018
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6. Gadolinium for neutron detection in current nuclear instrumentation research: A review

Author

Q. Lecomte, Matthieu Hamel, Romain Coulon, Jonathan Dumazert, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, EFFICIENCY, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Gadolinium, Nuclear engineering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutron poison, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], plastic scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, THERMAL-NEUTRONS, Nuclear physics, LOADED PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron detection, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, nuclear instrumentation, Physics, SPECTROSCOPY, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, LIQUID SCINTILLATOR, Solid-state media, neutrons, Gamma ray, DOSIMETRY, GAMMA, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neutron temperature, CAPTURE, Neutron capture, COMPENSATION, chemistry, Gas, radioactivity, Gamma-rays, ionizing radiation, 0210 nano-technology, DATA SHEETS, [CHIM.RADIO]Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry
Abstract

Natural gadolinium displays a number of remarkable physical properties: it is a rare earth element, composed of seven stable or quasi-stable isotopes, with an exceptionally high magnetization and a Curie point near room temperature. Its use in the field of nuclear instrumentation historically relates to its efficiency as a neutron poison in power reactors. Gadolinium is indeed the naturally occurring element with the highest interaction probability with neutrons at thermal energy, shared between Gd-157 (15.65%, 254000 b cross section) and Gd-155 (14.8%, 60900 b) isotopes. Considering that neutron capture results in an isotopic change, followed by a radiative rearrangement of nuclear and atomic structures, Gd may be embodied not merely as a neutron poison but as a neutron converter into a prompt photon and an electron source term. Depending on the nature and energy of the reaction products (from a few-keV Auger electrons up to 8 MeV gamma rays) that the detector aims at isolating as an indirect neutron signature, a variety of sensor media and counting methods have been introduced during the last decades. This review first draws a theoretical description of the radiative cascade following Gd ( n , γ ) capture. The cascade may be subdivided into regions of interest, each corresponding to dedicated detection designs and optimizations whose current status is detailed. This inventory has allowed the authors to extract and benchmark key figures of merit for the definition of a detection scheme: neutron attenuation, neutron sensitivity (cps/nv), gamma rejection, neutron detection limit in a mixed field, intrinsic or extrinsic moderation, and transportability. On this basis, the authors have identified promising paths for Gd-based neutron detection in contemporary instrumentation.

Published
2018
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7. Aggregation and travel time calculation over large scale traffic networks: An empiric study on the Grenoble City

Author

B. Gouin, Giacomo Casadei, Carlos Canudas-de-Wit, V. Bertrand, Networked Controlled Systems (NECS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and European Project: 694209,Advanced Grant (AdG), ERC-2015-AdG ,Scale-FreeBack(2016)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Heading (navigation), Similarity (geometry), Computer science, Computation, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Transportation, Scale (descriptive set theory), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.GCIV.IT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Infrastructures de transport, 11. Sustainability, 0502 economics and business, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Cluster analysis, large scale traffic networks, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, 050210 logistics & transportation, 05 social sciences, Computer Science Applications, Travel time, travel time estimation, Automotive Engineering, Metric (mathematics), Graph (abstract data type), clustering and aggregation, Algorithm
Abstract

International audience; In this paper we consider aggregation technique to reduce the complexity of large-scale traffic network. In particular, we consider the city of Grenoble and show that, by clustering adjacent sections based on a similarity of speed condition, it is possible to cut down the complexity of the network without loosing crucial and intrinsic information. To this end, we consider travel time computation as a metric of comparison between the original graph and the reduced one: for each cluster we define four attributes (average speed, primary and secondary length and heading) and show that, in case of an aggregation rate of 95%, these attributes are sufficient in order to maintain the travel time error below the 25%.

Published
2018
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8. Large irradiation doses can improve the fast neutron/gamma discriminating capability of plastic scintillators

Author

Dominique Tromson, Sylvain Gaillard, Robert Pansu, Romuald Woo, Matthieu Hamel, Camille Frangville, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Jean-Luc Renaud, Eva Montbarbon, Marie-Noëlle Amiot, Laboratoire de Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires (PPSM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire et thioorganique (LCMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), ANR-15-CE39-0006,NESSYNED,Nouveaux Systèmes Scintillants pour la Détection de Neutrons(2015), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
HARDNESS, Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, Radiation, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, plastic scintillator, Particle detector, CO-60, neutron/gamma discrimination, 0103 physical sciences, Radiation damage, Dosimetry, Figure of merit, WATER, Neutron, Irradiation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Radiation detection and measurement, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, neutron-gamma discrimination, STABILITY, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radiochemistry, neutrons, RAYS, DOSIMETRY, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, RADIATION-DAMAGE, radioactivity, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Gamma-rays, ionizing radiation, 0210 nano-technology, large irradiation dose
Abstract

International audience; When new materials appear as potential alternatives for radiation detection, several criteria have to be fulfilled. The one presented herein is the response variation to large irradiation doses of neutron/gamma discriminating plastic scintillators. Thus, several samples were exposed to high gamma doses reaching 10 kGy. They were characterized in terms of gamma spectrometry and fast neutron/gamma discrimination, prior to and after irradiation. Results show an unexpected increase of the figure of merit (FoM), which is the numerical value for n/g discrimination performances. An in-depth investigation evaluates the physicochemical impact of such large doses within the material. The characterization includes photophysics, radiation/matter interaction and chemical analyses (EPR, 1H NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy and HRMS).

Published
2017
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9. Structural Variation of Carbazole Derivatives for Plastic Scintillation Applications

Author

Fabien Sguerra, Robert Pansu, Jean-Luc Renaud, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Eva Montbarbon, Matthieu Hamel, Sylvain Gaillard, Laboratoire de Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires (PPSM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire et thioorganique (LCMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Scintillation, Fluorophore, Materials science, 010405 organic chemistry, Carbazole, Organic Chemistry, Radical polymerization, Context (language use), Polymer, Scintillator, 010402 general chemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Luminescence, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We report the preparation of various plastic scintillators embedding the carbazole moiety. Thanks to advantageous luminescence properties and versatility, it is a candidate of choice for such applications. Based on various modifications of the carbazole pattern, it can play various roles: as the polymer matrix, as the primary or even as the secondary fluorophore. In this context, several examples are provided and commented. Embedded in the polymer matrix, PVK and poly(styrene-co-N-vinylcarbazole) were prepared by bulk radical polymerization. N-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz) is a particularly suited molecule which can act either as a primary fluorophore when used at low concentrations (eventually coupled with POPOP or bis-MSB as wavelength shifter), or as both primary and secondary fluorophore if the concentration inside the polymer matrix is elevated. The second option involves the emission of the excimer of the molecule. EHCz was compared with a cousin molecule, namely N-(ethyl)carbazole. Lastly, another carbazole-containing molecule (4CzIPN) was loaded in a polymer matrix as secondary fluorophore. Scintillation results show its efficiency to shift the scintillation response to wavelengths close to 500 nm. Thus, several new plastic scintillators were prepared, and their main photophysical properties given. The scintillation properties were also recorded and commented, which highlight the interest of carbazole derivatives as fluorophore in this area of nuclear detection.

Published
2017
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10. Compensated bismuth-loaded plastic scintillators for neutron detection using low-energy pseudo-spectroscopy

Author

Romain Coulon, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Stephane Normand, Matthieu Hamel, Jonathan Dumazert, Laurence Méchin, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Electronique - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, spectrum analysis, Statistical fluctuations, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], plastic scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Compensation (engineering), spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, GADOLINIUM, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Neutron detection, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], signal processing, Instrumentation, nuclear instrumentation, Physics, Neutron-gamma discrimination, detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Modified plastic scintillators, neutrons, PULSE-SHAPE DISCRIMINATION, Neutron temperature, radioactivity, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, counting, ionizing radiation, business, Compensation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Gadolinium-covered modified plastic scintillators show a high potential for the deployment of cost-effective neutron detectors. Taking advantage of the low-energy photon and electron signature of thermal neutron captures in gadolinium-155 and gadolinium-157 however requires a background correction. In order to display a trustable rate, dual compensation schemes appear as an alternative to Pulse Shape Discrimination. This paper presents the application of such a compensation scheme to a two-bismuth loaded plastic scintillator system. A detection scintillator interacts with incident photon and fast neutron radiations and is covered with a gadolinium converter to become thermal neutron-sensitive as well. In the meantime, an identical compensation scintillator, covered with terbium, solely interacts with the photon and fast neutron part of incident radiations. After the acquisition and the treatment of the counting signals from both sensors, a hypothesis test determines whether the resulting count rate after subtraction falls into statistical fluctuations or provides a robust image of neutron activity. A laboratory prototype is tested under both photon and neutron radiations, allowing us to investigate the performance of the overall compensation system. The study reveals satisfactory results in terms of robustness to a cesium-137 background and in terms of sensitivity in presence of a californium-252 source.

Published
2016
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11. Gadolinium-loaded Plastic Scintillators for Thermal Neutron Detection using Compensation

Author

Fabien Sguerra, Stephane Normand, Jonathan Dumazert, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Matthieu Hamel, Romain Coulon, Frederick Carrel, Laurence Méchin, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Electronique - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Radiation, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], plastic scintillator, neutron detection, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Neutron detection, photons, Neutron, Compensation techniques, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, plastic scintillators, nuclear instrumentation, Bonner sphere, instrumentation, Neutron-gamma discrimination, detector, business.industry, Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography, neutrons, Neutron radiation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neutron temperature, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 0210 nano-technology, business, ionizing radiation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Plastic scintillator loading with gadolinium-rich organometallic complexes shows a high potential for the deployment of efficient and cost-effective neutron detectors. Due to the low-energy photon and electron signature of thermal neutron capture by Gd-155 and Gd-157, alternative treatment to pulse-shape discrimination has to be proposed in order to display a count rate. This paper discloses the principle of a compensation method applied to a two-scintillator system: a detection scintillator interacts with photon and fast neutron radiation and is loaded with gadolinium organometallic compound to become a thermal neutron absorber, while a not-gadolinium loaded compensation scintillator solely interacts with the fast neutron and photon part of incident radiation. After the nonlinear smoothing of the counting signals, a hypothesis test determines whether the resulting count rate post-background response compensation falls into statistical fluctuations or provides a robust indication of neutron activity. Laboratory samples are tested under both photon and neutron irradiations, allowing the authors to investigate the performance of the overall detection system in terms of sensitivity and detection limits, especially with regards to a similar-active volume He-3 based commercial counter. The study reveals satisfactory figures of merit in terms of sensitivity and directs future investigation toward promising paths.

Published
2016
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12. Correction: Understanding the behaviour of different metals in loaded scintillators: discrepancy between gadolinium and bismuth

Author

Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Jonathan Dumazert, Fabien Sguerra, Romain Coulon, Gwenolé Corre, Matthieu Hamel, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
bismuth, Materials Chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, scintillators, gadolinium, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0210 nano-technology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract

Correction for ‘Understanding the behaviour of different metals in loaded scintillators: discrepancy between gadolinium and bismuth’ by Guillaume H. V. Bertrand et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3, 6006.

Published
2015
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13. Compensated gadolinium-loaded plastic scintillators for thermal neutron detection and counting

Author

Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Stephane Normand, Laurence Méchin, Fabien Sguerra, Jonathan Dumazert, Romain Coulon, Chrystele Dehe-Pittance, Matthieu Hamel, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Electronique - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
photon irradiation, Photon, Materials science, thermal neutron capture, thermal neutron counting, gadolinium-loaded plastic scintillator, Photodetector, scintillator detection, Statistical fluctuations, Radiation, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, helium-3 counter, pulse shaping circuits, plastic scintillator, pulse shape discrimination, statistical fluctuation, Optics, statistical analysis, compensation method, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0103 physical sciences, photon signature, Neutron detection, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], photodetector, 010306 general physics, neutron irradiation, gadolinium-rich organometallic complex, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, gadolinium loaded compensation scintillator, neutron activity, detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, photon radiation, counting signal, electron signature, Neutron temperature, solid scintillation detectors, thermal neutron detection, gadolinium organometallic compound, gadolinium-155, business, gadolinium-157
Abstract

Conference of 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications, ANIMMA 2015 ; Conference Code:121554; International audience; Plastic, scintillator loading with gadolinium-rich organometallic complexes shows a high potential for the deployment of efficient and cost-effective neutron detectors. Due to the low-energy photon and electron signature of thermal neutron capture by gadolinium-155 and gadolinium-157, alternative treatment to Pulse Shape Discrimination has to be proposed in order to display a trustable count rate. This paper discloses the principle of a compensation method applied to a two-scintillator system: a detection scintillator interacts with photon radiation and is loaded with gadolinium organometallic compound to become a thermal neutron absorber, while a non-gadolinium loaded compensation scintillator solely interacts with the photon part of the incident radiation. Posterior to the nonlinear smoothing of the counting signals, a hypothesis test determines whether the resulting count rate after photon response compensation falls into statistical fluctuations or provides a robust image of neutron activity. A laboratory prototype is tested under both photon and neutron irradiations, allowing us to investigate the performance of the overall compensation system in terms of neutron detection, especially with regards to a commercial helium-3 counter. The study reveals satisfactory results in terms of sensitivity and orientates future investigation toward promising axes.

Published
2015
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14. Pulse shape discrimination between (fast or thermal) neutrons and gamma rays with plastic scintillators: State of the art

Author

Fabien Sguerra, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Matthieu Hamel, Stephane Normand, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), French Direction Générale de l׳Armement and Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale : grant to GHVB, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Polymers, Thermal neutron capture, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Fluorescence, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Plastic scintillators, Neutron detection, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], nuclear instrumentation, Dyes, Physics, Plastic scintillator, instrumentation, Neutron-gamma discrimination, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gamma ray, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neutron temperature, Pulse (physics), radioactivity, 0210 nano-technology, business, ionizing radiation, n/γ Discrimination, Radiation detector
Abstract

International audience; We would like to present here with the eyes of the chemist the most recent developments of plastic scintillators (PS) for neutron detection. This review covers the period from 2000 to August 2014, and is fragmented in two main chapters. The first chapter deals with the chemical modifications for thermal neutron capture, whereas the second chapter presents the various strategies used to enhance the response to fast neutrons via pulse shape discrimination. For each chapter the theory is also explained.

Published
2015
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15. Understanding the behaviour of different metals in loaded scintillators: discrepancy between gadolinium and bismuth

Author

Fabien Sguerra, Jonathan Dumazert, Matthieu Hamel, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Romain Coulon, Gwenolé Corre, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Direction générale de l'Armement, Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST)

Subjects
Materials science, Gadolinium, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, plastic scintillator, Fluorescence, Bismuth, chemistry.chemical_compound, gamma and neutron radiations, 0103 physical sciences, bismuth, Materials Chemistry, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Polymer, Scintillation, Organometallic chemistry, nuclear instrumentation, 010302 applied physics, chemistry.chemical_classification, instrumentation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Radiochemistry, Gamma ray, neutrons, General Chemistry, gamma-rays, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neutron temperature, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, radioactivity, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], gadolinium, 0210 nano-technology, ionizing radiation
Abstract

International audience; Organometallic chemistry has recently gained a lot of attention in the domain of plastic scintillators. Homogenously dispersed metal complexes in a polymer matrix can afford plastic scintillators with unseen abilities. Heavy atom loading is very attractive as it gives access to plastics with increased sensitivity towards elusive radiations such as gamma and neutron. But this comes with a drawback, as heavy atoms tend to quench fluorescence, hence decreasing the scintillation yield. We present here a comprehensive study of this phenomenon with bismuth and gadolinium complexes. We investigate the influence of the ligand nature by varying organometallic and fluorophore concentration to probe their interaction. We also propose an explanation of the difference in behavior between these two metals. These results were applied to the fabrication of large volume loaded plastic scintillators (>100 cm3). Bismuth loaded scintillators displayed characteristics equivalent to lead loaded commercial materials, and gadolinium samples proved to be able to capture thermal neutrons and release gamma rays.

Published
2015
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16. UWB Antenna Array with Autonomous Scanning Capability Using Integrated Opto-Electronic Feeding Device

Author

A. De Ferron, Vincent Couderc, Michèle Lalande, V. Bertrand, Alexis Labruyere, Joël Andrieu, Badr Mohamed Ibrahim Shalaby, Laurent Pecastaing, Romain Negrier, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE (XLIM-PHOTONIQUE), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ingénierie des Systèmes en Télécommunication, en ÉlectroMagnétisme et en Electronique (CISTEME), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur Appliquées à la Mécanique et au génie Electrique (SIAME), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and OSA (XLIM-OSA)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Reconfigurable antenna, business.industry, Antenna aperture, Antenna measurement, Physics::Optics, 7. Clean energy, Radiation pattern, law.invention, Antenna array, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, Optoelectronics, Dipole antenna, Antenna (radio), business, Omnidirectional antenna, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; The originality of the radiation source presented here is localized in its ultrafast speed and its autonomy of scanning a large spatial area. That behavior is obtained by means of a trigger mode of radiation perfectly controlled by a single optical source. The transmitter consists of a powerful picoseconds laser, an optical power divider and n optoelectronic ultra-wideband radiation sources which produce several electric pulse trains with a repetition rate slightly different one with each other. Each train is then addressed toward a single antenna. When transmitted the electromagnetic waves interact to produce an ultrafast orientation of the array emission lobe allowing scanning of large spatial field in less than 1μs.

Published
2014
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17. Improvement of an UWB impulse radiation source by integrating photoswitch device

Author

Laurent Pecastaing, Romain Negrier, A. De Ferron, Joël Andrieu, V. Bertrand, Vincent Couderc, Michèle Lalande, OSA (XLIM-OSA), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE (XLIM-PHOTONIQUE), Centre d'Ingénierie des Systèmes en Télécommunication, en ÉlectroMagnétisme et en Electronique (CISTEME), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur Appliquées à la Mécanique et au génie Electrique (SIAME), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)

Subjects
Engineering, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Photoswitch, business.industry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Impulse (physics), Radiation, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

18. Influence of bismuth loading in polystyrene-based plastic scintillators for low energy gamma spectroscopy

Author

Fabien Sguerra, Stephane Normand, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Matthieu Hamel, Romain Coulon, Frederick Carrel, Eric Barat, T. Montagu, Thomas Dautremer, Chrystele Dehe-Pittance, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation de Systèmes (LM2S), We thank the French 'Direction Générale de l'Armement' and 'Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale' for the grant associated with this project., Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))

Subjects
Materials science, Fabrication, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, polystyrene, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Tri-carboxylate, plastic scintillator, Bismuth, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Materials Chemistry, triaryl bismuth, Gamma spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Nuclear Experiment, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, Scintillation, Radiochemistry, gamma-rays, General Chemistry, Photoelectric effect, chemistry, radioactivity, Polystyrene, ionizing radiation
Abstract

International audience; This article presents the synthesis and the blend of bismuth complexes in polystyrene based plastic scintillators. A specific design has enabled the fabrication of a scintillator loaded with up to 17 wt% of bismuth. Tri-carboxylate and triaryl bismuth compounds were used to explore and understand the influence of bismuth loading on the two main criteria of plastic scintillation: light yield and detection efficiency of gamma-rays. For gamma radiation with an energy

Published
2014
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19. Synthesis and photovoltaic performances in solution-processed BHJs of oligothiophene-substituted organocobalt complexes [(η4-C4(nT)4)Co(η5-C5H5)]

Author

Denis Fichou, Ludovic Tortech, Vincent Gandon, Corinne Aubert, Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Innovation en Chimie des Surfaces et NanoSciences (LICSEN), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Méthodes et Application en Chimie Organique (MACO), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Innovation en Chimie des Surfaces et NanoSciences (LICSEN UMR 3685), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Chemistry, Thiophene, Organic chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Photovoltaic system, Metals and Alloys, Heterojunction, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Solution processed, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; We describe an efficient synthetic route toward novel organocobalt complexes [([small eta]4-C4(nT)4)Co([small eta]5-C5H5)] with n = 1, 2, 3 thiophene rings. Solution-processed bulk heterojunctions solar cells based on CpCoCb(3T)4:PCBM blends achieve power conversion efficiencies of up to 2.1%.

Published
2014
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20. An Improved Protocol for the Synthesis of [(η4-C4R4)Co(η5-C5H5)] Complexes

Author

Guillaume H. V. Bertrand, Denis Fichou, Corinne Aubert, Ludovic Tortech, Vincent Gandon, Max Malacria, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Innovation en Chimie des Surfaces et NanoSciences (LICSEN), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire Innovation en Chimie des Surfaces et NanoSciences (LICSEN UMR 3685), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Dimethyl fumarate, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Cyclohexadienes, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microwave irradiation, Organic chemistry, Reactivity (chemistry), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract

International audience; The reaction of bulky alkynes C2R2 with (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)(dimethyl fumarate) under microwave irradiation provides complexes of the type [(η4-C4R4)Co(η5-C5H5)] in good to excellent yields. This protocol represents a significant improvement over those reported previously. In particular, the formation of insertion products such as cyclopentadienones or cyclohexadienes can be avoided. In addition, because of the exceptional stability of (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)(dimethyl fumarate), the reactions can be carried out in crude solvents. The easy access to [(η4-C4R4)Co(η5-C5H5)] complexes stimulated a study of their reactivity, notably under cross-coupling conditions.

Published
2012
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21. Improvement of an ultra-wideband antenna for high-power transient applications

Author

Michèle Lalande, Laurent Pecastaing, Joël Andrieu, S. Vauchamp, Baptiste Cadilhon, V. Bertrand, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), OSA, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre d'Ingénierie des Systèmes en Télécommunication, en ÉlectroMagnétisme et en Electronique (CISTEME)

Subjects
Reconfigurable antenna, Engineering, Coaxial antenna, business.industry, Antenna measurement, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Antenna factor, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Antenna efficiency, law.invention, Radiation pattern, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Dipole antenna, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Antenna (radio), business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Recently, LGE and XLIM Laboratories initiated collaboration on high-power microwave (HPM) transient radiation source conception. Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas have been originally designed for UWB radar demonstrators. These prototypes have been built to support high-voltage (HV) short duration pulses with a 25 kV amplitude. Because of its high gain and its capability to radiate short pulses without dispersion within the 300 MHz-2.5 GHz frequency band, a type of these UWB antennas, the Valentine Antenna, has been chosen to be the radiating element of two new high-power HV UWB sources. This antenna, originally designed for low voltage, is made of two curved metallic strips and a copper coaxial-to-strip transition with a classical N connector. Some modifications were achieved in order to improve the dielectric strength of the antenna. Consequently, it is now able to radiate pulses delivered by HV (up to 300 kV), few hundreds hertz, subnanosecond transient sources. Initially, a 3-D model of the antenna was first computed with a time-domain electromagnetic software so as to study the influence of these modifications on the radiating element main characteristics. Then, frequency and transient domains studies were realised. Presented results demonstrate that the antenna S 11 parameter remains relatively unchanged and that in the entire frequency band, gain is 1 dB lower than the expected value with the original low-voltage design. This new HV antenna and its main radiation characteristics are described.

Published
2009

22. [Cost effectiveness of Ligasure Precise versus surgical clips during axillary nodal dissection for breast cancer]

Author

K, Magri, V, Bertrand, J-L, Sautière, X, Pivot, D, Riethmuller, R, Maillet, Z, Marinkovic, Service de gynécologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Service d'oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC ( HOTE GREFFON ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ( EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC ( CEF2P / CARCINO ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service de Chirurgie Générale, CH Montbéliard, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Service d'Oncologie Médicale [CHRU Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (EA 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), and Saas, Philippe

Subjects
Time Factors, [SDV.MHEP.CHI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, MESH : Retrospective Studies, Cost-Benefit Analysis, MESH: Lymphatic Metastasis, MESH: Mastectomy, MESH: Hospitalization, MESH : Breast Neoplasms, MESH: Hemostasis, Surgical, MESH: Length of Stay, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Postoperative Complications, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH : Female, [ SDV.MHEP.CHI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, MESH : Ligation, Mastectomy, health care economics and organizations, MESH: Treatment Outcome, MESH : Lymphatic Metastasis, Hospitalization, MESH : Length of Stay, Treatment Outcome, Lymphatic Metastasis, Drainage, MESH : Hospitalization, Female, MESH : Cost-Benefit Analysis, MESH: Axilla, MESH : Mastectomy, MESH : Time Factors, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, MESH : Treatment Outcome, MESH : Lymph Node Excision, MESH: Drainage, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Humans, MESH : Axilla, Ligation, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, MESH: Lymph Node Excision, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Humans, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Length of Stay, MESH: Ligation, Hemostasis, Surgical, MESH : Drainage, MESH : Hemostasis, Surgical, Axilla, Lymph Node Excision, MESH : Postoperative Complications, MESH: Female, MESH: Breast Neoplasms, MESH: Cost-Benefit Analysis
Abstract

International audience; Introduction. The techniques used for axillary node dissection are constantly evolving. The advent of the grip Ligasure Precise raise the question of its cost-effectiveness compared with surgical clips. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of Ligasure compared with surgical clips for simple axillary node dissection or Patey procedure in terms of duration of drainage, cost of hospitalization and complications. MATERIAL: and method. Retrospective study extending from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004, concerning 187 patients who underwent simple axillary dissection (100) or Patey procedure (87), with use of surgical clips or Ligasure followed by drainage. RESULTS: The use of Ligasure increased the operative cost because its price is higher than that of a clip grip with a refill. Ligasure significantly decreased the duration of drainage in the two groups but there was significantly more abundant fluid loss in the dissection group. The cost of hospitalization related to the choice of the technique of hemostasis (cost of the material + lasted of drainage X price of the day of hospitalization), was not significantly favor of Ligasure. Taking into account the choice of the hemostasis technique and the total duration of hospitalization (material cost + duration of hospitalization X price of the day of hospitalization), there is no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study compares grip Ligasure Precise with surgical clips for axillary dissection. The duration of drainage was significantly shorter with Ligasure Precise but its benefit in terms of fluid loss remains to be shown. The use of Ligasure does not significantly reduce the cost of hospitalization.

Published
2006

23. High-power bipolar picosecond pulse generation using optically activated traveling wave generator

Author

Vincent Couderc, D. Gontier, V. Bertrand, Alain Barthélémy, Bertrand Vergne, Michèle Lalande, Lebraud, Sophie, PHOTONIQUE, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and OSA

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Power (physics), Pulse (physics), Generator (circuit theory), Picosecond pulse, Picosecond, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Traveling wave, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Microwave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Voltage
Abstract

We demonstrate the generation of multikilovolt bipolar picosecond pulses using an optically activated travelling wave generator into 50Ω load. The spectral content of the output electrical pulse can be modified to favour or reduce low-frequency components. Bipolar pulses of 450 ps of duration with more than 3 kV of peak voltage are produced. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 1645–1648, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21713

Published
2006

24. Unipolar and bipolar electrical pulse generator using photoconductive semiconductor switches

Author

V. Bertrand, Alain Barthélémy, V. Couderc, B. Vergne, Michèle Lalande, D. Gontier, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE, Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE (XLIM-PHOTONIQUE), Systèmes RF (XLIM-SRF), Centre d'Ingénierie des Systèmes en Télécommunication, en ÉlectroMagnétisme et en Electronique (CISTEME), OSA (XLIM-OSA), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Pulse generator, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Doping, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, High voltage, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Pulse (physics), Generator (circuit theory), Full width at half maximum, Semiconductor, Picosecond, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We achieved the generation of unipolar and bipolar electrical picosecond pulses by using semiconductor switches in linear mode. Electrical pulses of hundreds volts to several thousands volts were obtained: in example unipolar pulses of about 11kV with duration of 300ps (full width at half maximum) were obtained and bipolar pulses of 3kV peak-to-peak with cycle duration of 450ps were done. Besides the linear mode running of these doped silicon semiconductors permitted to synchronise several generators and it allows adjustment of the bipolar pulse spectrum by using the frozen wave generator principle. So we demonstrated the feasibility of high voltage ultra-wideband electrical pulse generation with less optical energy than already published in the linear mode.

Published
2005
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25. Ultra-Wide Band radar using optical synchronized photoconductive generators

Author

B. Vergne, V. Couderc, A. Barthelemy, D. Gontier, V. Bertrand, M. Lalande, J. Andrieu, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE, Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIQUE (XLIM-PHOTONIQUE), Centre d'Ingénierie des Systèmes en Télécommunication, en ÉlectroMagnétisme et en Electronique (CISTEME), and Systèmes RF (XLIM-SRF)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Photoconductivity, Ultra-wideband, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Optical switch, law.invention, Synchronization (alternating current), Lidar, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Radar, 0210 nano-technology, Telecommunications, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Voltage
Abstract

In this paper, we have demonstrated and studied the operation of a photoconductive switch delivering 100 ps to 300 ps electrical pulses with high peak voltage and using low energy for optical gating. The synchronization of 4 generators permitted to develop an ultra wide band radar system for mine detection application.

Published
2005

27. Mars Bolvinnus de Bouhy (Nièvre)

Author

Bouthier, Alain, Lamotte, D., Archéologies d'Orient et d'Occident et Sciences des textes (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BROUQUIER-REDDÉ V., BERTRAND E., CHARDENOUX M.-B., GRUEL K., L'HUILLIER M.-C., Lejars, Manuela, and BROUQUIER-REDDÉ V., BERTRAND E., CHARDENOUX M.-B., GRUEL K., L'HUILLIER M.-C.

Subjects
Nièvre, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Bouhy, gallo-romain, Sanctuaire, Mars Bolvinnus, Gaule
Abstract

7 fig., rés. en fr., angl., bibliogr. (11 réf.).; International audience

Published
2003

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