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1. Prolonged response after TPO-RA discontinuation in primary ITP: results of a prospective multicenter study

Author: Stephanie Guillet, Etienne Crickx, Imane Azzaoui, pascal chappert, Emmanuelle Boutin, Jean-François Viallard, Etienne Riviere, Delphine Gobert, Lionel Galicier, Marion Malphettes, Stéphane Cheze, Francois Lefrere, Sylvain Audia, Bernard Bonnotte, Olivier Lambotte, Nicolas Noel, Olivier Fain, Guillaume Moulis, Mohamed Hamidou, Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Louis Terriou, Nihal Martis, Anne-Sophie Morin, Antoinette Perlat, Thomas Le Gallou, Frédérique Roy-Peaud, Ailsa Robbins, Jean-Christophe Lega, Mathieu Puyade, Thibault Comont, Nicolas Limal, Laetitia Languille, Anissa Zarour, Marine Luka, Mickaël Mathieu Ménager, Thibaut Belmondo, Sophie Hue, Florence Canoui-Poitrine, Marc Michel, Bertrand Godeau, Matthieu Mahevas, Service de médecine interne [Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires (INEM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), IMRB - CEPIA/'Clinical Epidemiology And Ageing : Geriatrics, Primary Care and Public Health' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Université de Bordeaux (UB), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de médecine interne et immunologie clinique (SOC 1) [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes (IMVA - U1184), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Service de Médecine Interne - Immunologie Clinique [AP-HP Bicêtre], Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'investigation clinique de Toulouse (CIC 1436), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Amiens-Picardie, HEMATIM - Hématopoïèse et immunologie - UR UPJV 4666 (HEMATIM), and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Sustained response off-treatment (SROT) after thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) discontinuation has been reported in ITP. This prospective multicenter interventional study enrolled adults with persistent or chronic primary ITP and complete response on TPO-RAs. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving SROT (platelet count > 30x109/L and no bleeding) at W24 with no other ITP-specific medications. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of sustained complete response off-treatment (SCROT, platelet count > 100x109/L and no bleeding) and SROT at W52, bleeding events, and pattern of response to a new course of TPO-RAs. We included 48 patients with median (IQR) age 58.5 years (41-73.5); 30/48 (63%) had chronic ITP at TPO-RA initiation. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 27/48 (56.2%, 95% CI, 41.2-70.5) achieved SROT; 15/48 (31.3%; 95% CI, 18.9-44.5) achieved SCROT at W24, and 25/48 (52.1%; 95% CI, 37.2-66.7) achieved respectively SROT and 14/48 (29.2%; 95% CI, 17.2-42.3) SCROT at W52. No severe bleeding episode occurred in patients who relapsed. Among patients re-challenged with TPO-RA, 11/12 achieved CR. We found no significant clinical predictors of SROT at W24. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed enrichment of a "TNFα signaling via NF-κB" signature in CD8+ T cells of patients with no sustained response after TPO-RA discontinuation, which was further confirmed by a significant overexpression of CD69 on CD8+ T cells at baseline in these patients as compared with those achieving SCROT/SROT. Our results strongly support a strategy based of progressive tapering and discontinuation of TPO-RAs for patients with chronic ITP who achieved a stable CR on treatment. Clinical trial number: NCT03119974
Published: 2023

2. Extra kinetic dimensions for label discrimination

Author: Raja Chouket, Agnès Pellissier-Tanon, Aliénor Lahlou, Ruikang Zhang, Diana Kim, Marie-Aude Plamont, Mingshu Zhang, Xi Zhang, Pingyong Xu, Nicolas Desprat, Dominique Bourgeois, Agathe Espagne, Annie Lemarchand, Thomas Le Saux, Ludovic Jullien, Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sony Computer Science Laboratory Paris (SONY CSL-Paris), Sony France SA, Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ABCD : Biophysique des Biomolécules, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), ANR-11-EQPX-0029,MORPHOSCOPE 2,Imagerie et reconstruction multiéchelles de la morphogenèse. (Plateforme d'innovation technologique et méthodologique pour l'imagerie in vivo et la reconstruction des dynamiques multiéchelles de la morphogenèse)(2011), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0031,IPGG_LABEX,Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Institute for microfluidics(2010), ANR-17-CE11-0047,Cryo-PALM,Microscopie super-résolution par localisation de molécules uniques à température cryogénique.(2017), ANR-19-CE11-0005,HIGHLIGHT,Imagerie sensible à la phase de nombreux marqueurs réversiblement photocommutables en lumière modulée(2019), ANR-19-CE29-0003,dISCern,Le croisement intersystème dans les protéines fluorescentes: un nouveau mécanisme pour la microscopie de fluorescence confocale à contraste dynamique(2019), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: MESH: Optical Imaging, Multidisciplinary, Light, MESH: Kinetics, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Optical Imaging, General Physics and Astronomy, MESH: Microscopy, Fluorescence, General Chemistry, MESH: Fluorescent Dyes, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, MESH: Light, Kinetics, Microscopy, Fluorescence, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Fluorescent Dyes
Abstract: Due to its sensitivity and versatility, fluorescence is widely used to detect specifically labeled biomolecules. However, fluorescence is currently limited by label discrimination, which suffers from the broad full width of the absorption/emission bands and the narrow lifetime distribution of the bright fluorophores. We overcome this limitation by introducing extra kinetic dimensions through illuminations of reversibly photoswitchable fluorophores (RSFs) at different light intensities. In this expanded space, each RSF is characterized by a chromatic aberration-free kinetic fingerprint of photochemical reactivity, which can be recovered with limited hardware, excellent photon budget, and minimal data processing. This fingerprint was used to identify and discriminate up to 20 among 22 spectrally similar reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) in less than 1s. This strategy opens promising perspectives for expanding the multiplexing capabilities of fluorescence imaging.
Published: 2022

3. Localized versus systemic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: data from the French Vasculitis Study Group Registry

Author: Claire de Moreuil, Olivier Aumaître, Pascal Godmer, Alexis Régent, François Maurier, Christian Pagnoux, Luc Mouthon, Bernard Bonnotte, Xavier Puéchal, Michele Iudici, Chahéra Khouatra, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Marc Ruivard, François Lifermann, Benjamin Terrier, Claire Blanchard-Delaunay, Antoine Néel, Eric Hachulla, Pascal Cohen, Delphine S. Courvoisier, Thomas Le Gallou, Jean-François Viallard, Alain Le Quellec, Achille Aouba, Loïc Guillevin, Thomas Quemeneur, Alexandre Karras, Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Vasculitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Cyclophosphamide, Subglottic stenosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), macromolecular substances, vasculitis, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, stomatognathic system, Rheumatology, Recurrence, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Registries, Sinusitis, Retrospective Studies, ddc:616, Lung, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, business.industry, medicine.disease, Otitis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, medicine.symptom, business, ANCA-associated vasculitis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective To describe the main features at diagnosis and evolution over time of patients with localized granulomatosis with polyangiitis (L-GPA) compared with those of systemic GPA (S-GPA). Methods EULAR definitions of L-GPA, i.e. upper and/or lower respiratory tract involvement, and S-GPA were applied to patients from the French Vasculitis Study Group Registry. L-GPA and S-GPA patients’ characteristics at diagnosis and long-term outcomes were analysed and compared. Results Among the 795 Registry patients, 79 (10%) had L-GPA. Their main clinical manifestations were rhinitis, lung nodules, sinusitis and otitis. L-GPA vs S-GPA patients at diagnosis, respectively, were younger, more frequently had saddle nose deformity or subglottic stenosis and were less often PR3-ANCA–positive. L-GPA vs S-GPA induction therapy less frequently included CYC but more often a combination of MTX and glucocorticoids; 64% of MTX-treated patients experienced disease progression within 18 months post-diagnosis. L- and S-GPA patients’ estimated relapse-free–survival probabilities, relapse rates and refractory disease rates at each time point were comparable, but L-GPA patients had more frequent ENT and lung relapses, and higher overall survival rates (P Conclusions The relapse risks of L-GPA and S-GPA were similar, but relapse patterns differed and L-GPA overall survival rate was higher. About one-quarter of L-GPA patients developed S-GPA over time, but without end-stage organ involvement.
Published: 2022

4. Reactant-induced photoactivation of in situ generated organogold intermediates leading to alkynylated indoles via Csp2-Csp cross-coupling

Author: Fen Zhao, Mehdi Abdellaoui, Wided Hagui, Maria Ballarin-Marion, Jérôme Berthet, Vincent Corcé, Stéphanie Delbaere, Héloïse Dossmann, Agathe Espagne, Jérémy Forté, Ludovic Jullien, Thomas Le Saux, Virginie Mouriès-Mansuy, Cyril Ollivier, Louis Fensterbank, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Pigeon, Pascal, CHU Lille, Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPAGNE, Agathe, ANR-17-CE07-0018,HyperSiLight,Utilisation de dérivés hypervalents du silicium en catalyse photoredox et duale(2017), and ANR-20-CE07-0038,LuxOr,Catalyse à l'or sous lumière visible(2020)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, General Chemistry, [CHIM.COOR] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: Photosensitization of organogold intermediates is an emerging field in catalysis. In this context, an access to 2,3-disubstituted indoles from o-alkynyl aniline and iodoalkyne derivatives via a gold-catalyzed sequence under visible-light irradiation and in the absence of an exogenous photocatalyst was uncovered. A wide scope of the process is observed. Of note, 2-iodo-ynamides can be used as electrophiles in this cross-coupling reaction. The resulting N-alkynyl indoles lend themselves to post-functionalization affording valuable scaffolds, notably benzo[a]carbazoles. Mechanistic studies converge on the fact that a potassium sulfonyl amide generates emissive aggregates in the reaction medium. Static quenching of these aggregates by a vinylgold(I) intermediate yields to an excited state of the latter, which can react with an electrophile via oxidative addition and reductive elimination to forge the key C-C bond. This reactant-induced photoactivation of an organogold intermediate opens rich perspectives in the field of cross-coupling reactions.
Published: 2022

5. Shoulder palsy following SARS-CoV-2 infection: two cases o typical Parsonage-Turner syndrome

Author: Etienne Fortanier, Thomas Le Corroller, Marie Hocquart, Emilien Delmont, Shahram Attarian, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Neurology, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract: Background and purposeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now known to cause neurological complications in both the central and the peripheral nervous system. Two new cases of typical neuralgic amyotrophy or Parsonage–Turner (PT) syndrome following coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) are reported here with explicit electrophysiological and imaging pathological features, underlining the possible association between COVID-19 and PT syndrome.Case reportsCase 1 was a 45-year-old schoolteacher presenting with acute pain in the right shoulder a few days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, with shoulder abduction and elbow flexion weakness. Needle electromyography showed a decrease in motor unit recruitment in the biceps brachii, and plexus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperintense signal involving the right C6 root and the superior truncus of the brachial plexus. Case 2 was a 21-year-old man hospitalized for dyspnea secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ten days after symptom onset, he presented right shoulder pain with difficulty in raising his right arm, revealing an isolated deficit of the serratus major muscle with a right scapula winging. Electrophysiological evaluation exhibited an isolated involvement of the long thoracic nerve with a neurogenic recruitment pattern in the serratus major muscle. Plexus MRI displayed a thickening and hyperintense signal involving the right long thoracic nerve.DiscussionParsonage–Turner syndrome triggered by SARS-CoV-2 seems to present clinical, electrophysiological and MRI characteristics similar to classic para-infectious PT syndrome, including the time frame between viral infection and neurological symptom onset.ConclusionSARS-CoV-2 might be a new infectious trigger of PT syndrome.
Published: 2022

6. Intradiscal oxygen-ozone therapy for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation: A preliminary study

Author: Vanessa Pauly, Maud Creze, Clémentine Simon, Pierre Champsaur, Thomas Le Corroller, Daphné Guenoun, Aix-Marseille Université - École de médecine (AMU SMPM MED), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté des sciences médicales et paramédicales (AMU SMPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Radiology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France, Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), LaBoratoire d'Imagerie biOmédicale MultimodAle Paris-Saclay (BIOMAPS), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), and pithioux, martine
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Nerve root, Visual analogue scale, Oxygen-ozone therapy, Lumbar, Ozone, Radicular pain, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Low back pain, Prospective Studies, Disc herniation, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Lumbar Vertebrae, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Ozone therapy, Surgery, Disc height, Oxygen, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology (clinical), Lumbar disc herniation, medicine.symptom, VAS, business, Intervertebral Disc Displacement, MRI
Abstract: Place: France; International audience; PURPOSE: To assess safety and effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided intradiscal oxygen-ozone therapy (O(2)-O(3) therapy) for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation and radiological changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in twenty patients presenting lumbar disc herniation with resistant lumbar or lumbar radicular pain They underwent intradiscal oxygen-ozone therapy under CT guidance. They were treated at one- or two-disc levels, representing a total of 24 discs treated. MR imaging examinations were obtained before treatment and 2 months post-procedure to analyse treatment-related disc modifications including modification of the surfaces of the disc and of the herniated disc, and the variations in disc height according to the disc height index. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) to evaluate the severity of pain before the procedure, at primary (2 months) and at secondary (12 months) follow-ups. RESULTS: All the procedures were technically successful. The median VAS scores were 7.95 before the procedure, 3.9 at 2 months and 2.95 at 12 months. MRI analysis showed a significant decrease in herniation size at 2 months (-20%, p = 0.008). No immediate or late complications were observed. Only three patients (13.6%) underwent lumbar spine microdiscectomy in the year following ozone therapy. The treatment appeared to be more effective in cases of nerve root symptomatology. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that intradiscal O(2)-O(3) therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation associated with resistant lumbar or lumbar radicular pain.
Published: 2022

7. Comparative study of granulomatosis with polyangiitis subsets according to ANCA status: data from the French Vasculitis Study Group Registry

Author: Xavier Puéchal, Michele Iudici, Christian Pagnoux, Pascal Cohen, Mohamed Hamidou, Achille Aouba, François Lifermann, Marc Ruivard, Olivier Aumaître, Bernard Bonnotte, Francois Maurier, Thomas Le Gallou, Eric Hachulla, Alexandre Karras, Chahéra Khouatra, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Jean-François Viallard, Claire Blanchard-Delaunay, Pascal Godmer, Alain Le Quellec, Thomas Quéméneur, Claire de Moreuil, Luc Mouthon, Benjamin Terrier, Loïc Guillevin, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, University of Toronto, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Médecine interne et immunologie clinique [Rennes] = internal medicine and clinical immunology [Rennes], and CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]
Subjects: Male, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Myeloblastin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, autoimmunity, urologic and male genital diseases, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, respiratory tract diseases, Rheumatology, immune system diseases, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Female, autoimmune diseases, Registries, cardiovascular diseases, systemic vasculitis, skin and connective tissue diseases, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate whether antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-negative and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA–positive granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) differ from proteinase-3 (PR3)-ANCA–positive GPA.MethodsDiagnostic characteristics and outcomes of newly diagnosed French Vasculitis Study Group Registry patients with ANCA-negative, MPO-ANCA–positive or PR3-ANCA–positive GPA satisfying American College of Rheumatology criteria and/or Chapel Hill Conference Consensus Nomenclature were compared.ResultsAmong 727 GPA, 62 (8.5%) were ANCA-negative, 119 (16.4%) MPO-ANCA–positive and 546 (75.1%) PR3-ANCA–positive. ANCA-negative patients had significantly (pConclusionsBased on this large cohort, ANCA-negative versus ANCA-positive patients more frequently had limited disease but similar RFS and OS. MPO-ANCA–positive patients had similar RFS but lower OS due to their older age. PR3-ANCA–positive GPA patients’ RFS was lower than those of the two other subsets combined but that difference did not persist when comparing only PR3 versus MPO-ANCA–positive patients.
Published: 2022

8. Osteoid Osteoma: Percutaneous CT-guided Cryoablation Is a Safe, Effective, and Durable Treatment Option in Adults

Author: Daphné Guenoun, Alexandre Rochwerger, Jean-Camille Mattei, Pierre Champsaur, Thomas Le Corroller, Thomas Vives, Vanessa Pauly, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Radiology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Osteoid osteoma, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, Visual analogue scale, medicine.medical_treatment, Sedation, Osteoma, Osteoid, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, Radiography, Interventional, Cryosurgery, Postoperative Complications, Interquartile range, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Local anesthesia, Pain Measurement, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Cryoablation, medicine.disease, Surgery, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: Place: United States; International audience; Background Cryoablation is playing an increasing role in the percutaneous treatment of bone tumors. However, despite its potential advantages over heat-based ablation techniques, the clinical safety and efficacy of cryoablation have not been established for osteoid osteoma treatment.Purpose To evaluate percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation for the treatment of osteoid osteoma in young patients and adults.Materials and Methods This retrospective study reviewed data from 50 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation for the treatment of osteoid osteoma between January 2013 and June 2019 in a single institution. In 30 of 50 patients (60%), the procedure was carried out with the patient under local anesthesia and conscious sedation, with the cryoprobe covering the lesion from an extraosseous position, avoiding direct penetration of the nidus. Clinical and radiologic features, procedure-related data, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, complications, and overall success rate were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed by using the nonparametric Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed rank test for repeated measures.Results Fifty patients (median age, 24 years; interquartile range [IQR], 19-38 years; 31 men) underwent CT-guided cryoablation for the treatment of osteoid osteoma, with a 96% (48 of 50 patients) overall clinical success rate. Of the two patients without clinical success, one patient had incomplete pain relief and the other experienced a recurrence of osteoid osteoma at 11 months, which was successfully treated with a second cryoablation procedure. The median VAS pain score was 8 (IQR, 7-8) before the procedure and 0 (IQR, 0-1; P \textless .001) after the procedure at both primary (6 weeks) and secondary (18-90 months) follow-up. Three of the 50 patients had minor complications (6%); no major complications were reported.Conclusion Osteoid osteoma was safely, effectively, and durably treated with CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation. In the majority of patients, treatment could be performed without general anesthesia, with the cryosphere covering the nidus from an extraosseous position.
Published: 2022

9. Low-Speed Turbofan Aerodynamic and Acoustic Prediction with an Isothermal Lattice Boltzmann Method

Author: Thomas Le Garrec, Cyril Polacsek, Majd Daroukh, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay [Châtillon], and ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Direct numerical simulation, Lattice Boltzmann methods, Aerospace Engineering, Mechanics, Static pressure, Aerodynamics, Nonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Turbofan, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Incompressible flow, 0103 physical sciences, Sound pressure, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, 010301 acoustics
Abstract: International audience; The objective of the paper is to assess the capability of the isothermal Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to correctly capture aerodynamic and acoustic features from a low-speed turbofan. The evaluation is done on the Advanced Noise Control Fan (ANCF) model developed by NASA Glenn Research Center. An extensive comparison of the measured and computed aerodynamic results is presented for the first time on this configuration. The trends are well captured but quantitative discrepancies are observed for some variables, leading to lower fan performance values in the simulations. This last point was also observed in the previous related studies but remained unexplained. By validating in parallel the LBM aerodynamic results with a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation provided by the database, a likely uncertainty of the absolute values of some variables in the experimental mean flow data is shown (a result of the intent that experimental data was not acquired with absolute levels as an objective). Direct induct and far-field acoustic results are also investigated, taking advantage of the low-dissipative characteristics of the LBM. A good agreement with the measurements in terms of broadband noise is obtained, but the low frequencies tend to be overestimated. For the tonal noise, if the expected acoustic modes are recovered, quantitative differences are observed. Predictions based on an hybrid method where the acoustic sources computed by the LBM are propagated analytically using Goldstein's analogy are also made and compare well with the direct predictions, thus proving the correct propagation of acoustic waves by the solver.; L'objectif du papier est d'évaluer la capacité de la LBM isothermale à capturer correctement l'aérodynamique et l'acoustique d'une turbomachine basse vitesse. L'évaluation est réalisée sur le modèle ANCF développé par la NASA. Une comparaison approfondie entre les résultats aérodynamiques expérimentaux et numériques est présentée pour la première fois sur cette configuration. Les tendances sont généralement bien capturées mais des différences quantitatives sont observées pour certaines variables, menant à une sous-estimation des coefficients de performance de la soufflante. Ce dernier point a déjà été observé dans d'autres études sur le sujet mais n'avait pas été expliqué. En validant en parallèle les résultats aérodynamiques de la LBM avec ceux d'un calcul RANS donné dans la base de données ANCF, il est montré qu'il y a probablement une incertitude dans les valeurs absolues de certaines variables du champ moyen expérimental (ce qui est lié au fait que les données aérodynamiques n'ont pas été acquises avec l'obtention des niveaux absolus comme objectif). Les résultats acoustiques directs en conduit et en champ lointain ont été analysés, tirant profit de la faible dissipation numérique de la LBM. Un bon accord est obtenu pour le bruit large bande, mais les basses fréquences tendent à être surestimées. Pour le bruit tonal, si les modes acoustiques attendus sont bien retrouvés, des différences quantitatives existent. Des prévisions basées sur une méthode hybride où les sources calculées par la LBM sont propagées analytiquement par l'analogie de Goldstein sont également réalisées et se comparent correctement avec les prévisions directes, validant ainsi la bonne propagation des ondes acoustiques par le solveur.
Published: 2021

10. Ultrasound classification of finger pulp blood flow in patients with systemic sclerosis: A pilot study

Author: Thomas Le Gallou, François Robin, Guillaume Coiffier, Nicolas Belhomme, Claire Cazalets, Jean-David Albert, Alice Ballerie, Martine Sebillot, Jego Patrick, Aleth Perdriger, Alain Lescoat, Marine de Saint Riquier, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre hospitalier Rene Pleven de Dinan, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, systemic sclerosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, Basal (phylogenetics), 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, Occlusion, medicine, In patient, scleroderma, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pathological, Ultra-sound, Ulnar artery, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, business.industry, Ultrasound, Doppler, Blood flow, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, digital ulcers, Pulp (tooth), business, finger pulp
Abstract: International audience; Objective - To define a semiquantitative classification of finger pulp blood flow (FPBF) and to evaluate whether this classification could be used to assess FPBF in healthy controls and in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Methods - Thirty controls and 86 SSc patients were consecutively included. A classification of FPBF including 5 grades (from grade 0 [no signal] to 4 [signal detected on the entire finger pulp, including the subepidermal vascular network]) was evaluated. This classification was explored in basal conditions and after hand baths in hot and cold water in controls. Its relevance was also assessed at room temperature in SSc patients. Results - In controls, power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) of FPBF was improved after hot challenge (P = 0.024), whereas cold challenge decreased FPBF (P = 0.001). FPBF correlated with the vasodilation status assessed by the resistivity index of radial arteries (Spearman's correlation coefficient = -0.50, P = 0.0049). Grade 0 was more frequent in SSc patients than in controls (22.1% versus 3.3%; P
Published: 2021

11. 3D CAA methodology using synthetic turbulence to assess turbulence-cascade interaction noise emission and reduction from serrated airfoils

Author: Raphaël Barrier, Cyril Polacsek, Thomas Le Garrec, Christophe Bailly, Martin Buszyk, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Meudon], Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Airfoil, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Turbulence, AEROACOUSTIQUE, AERODYNAMIQUE, SERRATION, Mechanics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Reduction (complexity), Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Cascade, Noise emission, 0103 physical sciences, TURBULENCE HOMOGENE, 010301 acoustics, CAA
Abstract: International audience; The context of this study is the development of innovative stator concepts to reduce noise from rotor/stator interaction in future high bypass engines. Leading edge serrations are examined using a hybrid CFD/CAA method. A stochastic approach is considered for the turbulence generation based on a Fourier modes decomposition. A methodology to obtain a fully 3D turbulence field, while taking into account periodic and wall boundary conditions is developed and a formulation is finally provided to obtain a perfectly incompressible stochastic field. The influence of the turbulence structure on far-field acoustic spectra is first discussed for the baseline computation case. In a second step, numerically assessed noise reductions from the serrated design are favorably compared with an analytical solution and a semi-empirical law. An overall sound power level reduction around 4 to 6 dB is obtained at three acoustics certification points. Finally, the aerodynamic performances of the serrated airfoil are evaluated through RANS computations and an improved variant of the initial design is proposed, allowing for acceptable penalties at the aerodynamic design point.
Published: 2021

12. Composition of weed communities in seasonally flooded rice environments in East Africa is determined by altitude

Author: Alfred Kahanju Chitiki, Itambo Malombe, Runyambo Irakiza, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Derek Makokha, Jonne Rodenburg, Africa Rice Center [Côte d'Ivoire] (AfricaRice), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Welthungerhilfe - Sudan Country Program, National Museums of Kenya, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), and University of Greenwich
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Plant Science, H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Tanzania, Cyperus, Weed abundance, Riz inondé, Uganda, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Altitude, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Facteur du milieu, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Weed control, Cyperus difformis, Communauté végétale, Ageratum conyzoides, S1, Écologie, F40 - Écologie végétale, Rizière, Distribution géographique, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus esculentus, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Oryza sativa L, Rwanda, Species diversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, East Africa, Kenya, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Agronomy, Indicator species, Paddy field, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Weed, Mauvaise herbe, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Weeds are major biotic constraints to rice production worldwide. Compared to other sub-regions, weed communities of rice are not well described for East Africa and there is limited information on environmental factors affecting the distribution of species. This study aimed to address these knowledge gaps. Seasonally flooded rice production fields of 31 sites in Rwanda, Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda, across three altitude classes (Low: 1,000 m), were surveyed for weed species using quadrats. Data analyses involved multivariate approaches, non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests and logistic regressions, followed by calculation of ranked species abundance and Shannon Wiener Index diversity analyses. A total of 286 weed species, belonging to 59 families, were recorded with 42 species not previously reported as lowland rice weed in the sub-region. Twenty-four species were identified as abundant across altitudes. Weed species diversity was higher at medium altitudes compared to high and low altitudes. Significant patterns of floristic distinction between altitudinal classes were observed, with 80% of dissimilarity. The high altitude was dominated by Echinochloa colona, Leptochloa squarrosa and Sphaeranthus suaveolens, the medium altitude was dominated by Crassula granvikii, Pycreus lanceolatus and Ageratum conyzoides while the low altitude was dominated by E. colona, Cyperus difformis and Cyperus esculentus. The weed species composition of seasonally flooded rice fields in East Africa is diverse. Identification of a limited group of (24) commonly abundant weed species as well as the articulation of altitude-specific weed species groups will facilitate the development of better tailored weed control programmes.
Published: 2021

13. Clinical guidelines and care pathway for management of low back pain with or without radicular pain

Author: Thomas Le Vraux, Gilles Vuides, Florian Bailly, Catherine Sebire, Sabrina Dadoun, Jean-Baptiste Fassier, Rogatien Faguer, Sylvie Rozenberg, MichÃ le Koleck, FranÃ Ois Rannou, Karine Petitprez, Alexandra Roren, Sandrine Bercier, Liesse Brigitte, Louis Lassalle, Aline Ramond-Roquin, Anne-Priscille Trouvin, Jean-Philippe Deneuville, Petit Audrey, Jean-FranÃ Ois Renard, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Faculté de médecine (UPEC Médecine), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Clinique Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Radiologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Haute Autorité de Santé [Saint-Denis La Plaine] (HAS), Laboratoire d'Ergonomie et d'Épidémiologie en Santé au Travail (LEEST), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Épidémiologie en Santé au Travail et Ergonomie (IRSET-ESTER), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de rééducation et de réadaptation de l'appareil locomoteur et des pathologies du rachis [CHU Cochin], Admin, Oskar, Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (GRC-08 EEMOIS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Guidelines, Recommendations, Academic institution, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Musculoskeletal Pain, Multidisciplinary approach, medicine, Care pathway, Humans, Low back pain, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Guideline, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Systematic review, Radicular pain, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Family medicine, Critical Pathways, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Patient representatives, medicine.symptom, business, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: To develop guidelines for low back pain management according to previous international guidelines and the updated literature. METHODS: A report was compiled from a review of systematic reviews of guidelines published between 2013 and 2018 and meta-analysis of the management of low back pain published between 2015 and 2018. This report summarized the state-of-the-art scientific knowledge for each predefined area of the guidelines from a critical review of selected literature. A multidisciplinary panel of experts including 17 health professionals involved in low back pain management and 2 patient representatives formulated preliminary guidelines based on the compilation report and a care pathway. The compilation report and preliminary guidelines were submitted to 25 academic institutions and stakeholders for the consultation phase. From responses of academic institutions and stakeholders, the final guidelines were developed. For each area of the guidelines, agreement between experts was assessed by the RAND/UCLA method. RESULTS: The expert panel drafted 32 preliminary recommendations including a care pathway, which was amended after academic institution and stakeholder consultation. The consensus of the multidisciplinary expert panel was assessed for each final guideline: 32 recommendations were assessed as appropriate; none was assessed as uncertain or inappropriate. Strong approval was obtained for 27 recommendations and weak for 5. CONCLUSION: These new guidelines introduce several concepts, including the need to early identify low back pain at risk of chronicity to provide quicker intensive and multidisciplinary management if necessary.
Published: 2021

14. Isovist computation of outdoor environment with semi-dense line SLAM and monocular camera

Author: Thomas Le Jan, Myriam Servières, Thomas Leduc, Vincent Tourre, Centre de recherche nantais Architectures Urbanités (CRENAU ), Ambiances, Architectures, Urbanités (AAU), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Nantes (ENSA Nantes)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Grenoble (ENSAG ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Nantes (ENSA Nantes)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Grenoble (ENSAG ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), Alain Bouju, Christine Plumejeaud-Perreau, Paule-Annick Davoine, Didier Josselin, François Pinet, UMR 7300 Espace, and Leduc, Thomas
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Caméra, Reconstruction de l’espace, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Space reconstruction, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, Camera, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Isovists
Abstract: Isovists are powerful tools for the morphological analysis of urban spaces, allowing us to account for the characteristics of the visible space from a given point of view. However, computing isovist field from digital model is limited by the quality of the model, and computing isovist field of the real environment with LiDaR sensors is limited by its cost and the setup of cumbersome equipment (eg. on a car). To allow the use of lightweight devices, we propose a method to compute isovists from a single monocular camera, catching a path in an urban environment. This method uses SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and ray casting algorithms. Our results are compared against digital model’s isovists., Les isovists sont des outils performants d’analyse morphologique des espaces urbains permettant de rendre compte des caractéristiques de l’espace visible à partir d’un point de vue donné. Cependant, le calcul des champs d’isovists à partir d’un modèle numérique est limité par la qualité de ce modèle, et le calcul des champs d’isovists d’environnement réel à l’aide de capteurs LiDaR reste limité par son coût et la mise en place d’un équipement encombrant (par exemple, sur un véhicule). Pour permettre l’utilisation d’équipement portable, nous proposons d’établir une méthode d’obtention d’isovists à partir d’une caméra monoculaire captant un parcours dans un environnement urbain. Cette méthode est basée sur les algorithmes de SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) et de lancer de rayons. Les résultats obtenus par notre méthode sont comparés à ceux obtenus sur un ensemble d’isovists calculés sur un modèle numérique 3D simplifié de la ville.
Published: 2021

15. Stenosing tenosynovitis of the extensor digitorum tendons of the hand: clinical and sonographic features

Author: Antoine Moraux, Aurelien Aumar, Thomas Le Corroller, Stefano Bianchi, Université de Lille, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Radiology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France, Archimed (Archimed), and CIM SA Cabinet Imagerie Médicale
Subjects: Male, Tendon Entrapment, medicine.medical_specialty, Tendon Entrapment/diagnostic imaging, Wrist, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, Retinaculum, 0302 clinical medicine, Ultrasound, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cyst, Hand/diagnostic imaging, Stenosing tenosynovitis, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Tendons/diagnostic imaging, Tenosynovitis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, musculoskeletal system, Hand, Tendon, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tendon entrapment, Orthopedic surgery, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Nuclear medicine, business, Tenosynovitis/diagnostic imaging, Extensor Digitorum Communis
Abstract: Place: Germany; International audience; OBJECTIVE: To describe the ultrasound (US) features of 18 patients with extensor digitorum communis stenosing tenosynovitis (EDCST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective search in the radiologic information systems of two separate Institutions was performed to identify all patients presenting EDCST between January 2010 and September 2019. A total of 18 patients (ten males and eight females; mean age, 57.4 years) were identified and included. Sonographic examinations were retrospectively reviewed by two senior radiologists to assess morphologic changes and power Doppler activity of the extensor retinaculum (ER) and of the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) tendons and sheath. The presence of dynamic impingement between the EDC and the ER was evaluated using video clip records. RESULTS: At the ultrasound, all patients (18/18; 100%) presented thickening of both the ER and EDC tendons associated with EDC tendon sheath effusion. Power Doppler hyperemia of the ER was inconstant and observed in 11 cases (11/18; 61.1%) as tendon sheath effusion observed in 16 cases (16/18; 88.9%). A cyst located inside the EDC of the index finger was observed in three of these patients (3/18; 17%). Dynamic examination showed impingement of the EDC against the ER during active tendon extension in all patients (18/18; 100%). Four of these patients (4/18; 22%) underwent surgery allowing diagnosis confirmation and release of EDCST, while the remaining fourteen patients (14/18; 78%) were either treated conservatively or using US-guided steroid injection. CONCLUSION: US findings of EDCST include thickening of the ER and EDC tendons, EDC tendon sheath effusion, and in some cases presence of an EDC intratendinous cyst. Impingement of the EDC tendons against the ER is well demonstrated using dynamic US.
Published: 2021

16. Cyclam-Based Chelators Bearing Phosphonated Pyridine Pendants for 64Cu-PET Imaging : Synthesis, Physico-Chemical Studies, Radiolabeling and Bioimaging

Author: Richard Knighton, Thibault Troadec, Valerie Mazan, Patricia Le Saëc, Séverine Marionneau-Lambot, Thomas Le Bihan, Nathalie Saffon-Merceron, Nathalie Le Bris, Michel Chérel, Alain Faivre-Chauvet, Mourad Elhabiri, Loïc J. Charbonnière, Raphael Tripier, Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique (CEMCA), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire d'innovation moléculaire et applications (LIMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nuclear Oncology (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 13), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Troadec, Thibault, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM.RADIO] Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, [CHIM.COOR] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, [CHIM.RADIO]Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry
Abstract: Herein we present the preparation of two novel cyclam-based macrocycles (te1pyp and cb-te1pyp), bearing phosphonate-appended pyridine side-arms for the coordination of copper(II) ions in the context of 64Cu PET imaging. The two ligands have been prepared through conventional protection-alkylation sequences on cyclam, and their coordination properties have been thoroughly investigated. The corresponding copper complexes have been fully characterized in the solid-state (X-Ray diffraction analysis) and in solution (EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopies). Potentiometric studies, combined with spectrometry, have also allowed us to determine their thermodynamic stability constants, confirming their high affinity for copper(II) cations. The kinetic inertness of the complexes has also been verified by acid-assisted dissociation experiments, enabling their use in 64Cu-PET imaging in mice for the first time. Indeed, the two ligands could be quantitatively radiolabeled under mild conditions, and the resulting 64Cu complexes have demonstrated excellent stability in serum. PET imaging demon-strated a set of features emerging from the combination of picolinates and phosphonate units: high stability in vivo, fast clear-ance from the body via renal elimination, and most interestingly, very low fixation in the liver. The latter is in contrast with what was observed for monopicolinate cyclam (te1pa), that had a non-negligible accumulation in the liver, owing probably to its different charge and lipophillicity. These results thus pave the way for the use of such phosphonated pyridine chelators for in vivo 64Cu-PET imaging.
Published: 2021

17. Cyclam-Based Chelators Bearing Phosphonated Pyridine Pendants for 64 Cu-PET Imaging: Synthesis, Physicochemical Studies, Radiolabeling, and Bioimaging

Author: Séverine Marionneau-Lambot, Nathalie Saffon-Merceron, Michel Chérel, Mourad Elhabiri, Valérie Mazan, Nathalie Le Bris, Richard C. Knighton, Loïc J. Charbonnière, Thibault Troadec, Thomas Le Bihan, Patricia Le Saëc, Raphaël Tripier, Alain Faivre-Chauvet, Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique (CEMCA), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire d'innovation moléculaire et applications (LIMA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Troadec, Thibault, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-16-IDEX-0007,NExT (I-SITE),NExT (I-SITE)(2016)
Subjects: Organophosphorus compounds, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Reaction mechanisms, Potentiometric titration, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, Ligands, 01 natural sciences, Dissociation (chemistry), Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cyclam, Pyridine, [CHIM.RADIO] Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, [CHIM.COOR] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Copper, Phosphonate, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, chemistry, Lipophilicity, Chemical stability, Stability, [CHIM.RADIO]Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry
Abstract: International audience; Herein we present the preparation of two novel cyclam-based macrocycles (te1pyp and cb-te1pyp), bearing phosphonate-appended pyridine side arms for the coordination of copper(II) ions in the context of 64Cu PET imaging. The two ligands have been prepared through conventional protection–alkylation sequences on cyclam, and their coordination properties have been thoroughly investigated. The corresponding copper complexes have been fully characterized in the solid state (X-ray diffraction analysis) and in solution (EPR and UV–vis spectroscopies). Potentiometric studies combined with spectrometry have also allowed us to determine their thermodynamic stability constants, confirming their high affinity for copper(II) cations. The kinetic inertness of the complexes has been verified by acid-assisted dissociation experiments, enabling their use in 64Cu-PET imaging in mice for the first time. Indeed, the two ligands could be quantitatively radiolabeled under mild conditions, and the resulting 64Cu complexes have demonstrated excellent stability in serum. PET imaging demonstrated a set of features emerging from the combination of picolinates and phosphonate units: high stability in vivo, fast clearance from the body via renal elimination, and most interestingly, very low fixation in the liver. This is in contrast with what was observed for monopicolinate cyclam (te1pa), which had a non-negligible accumulation in the liver, owing probably to its different charge and lipophilicity. These results thus pave the way for the use of such phosphonated pyridine chelators for in vivo64Cu-PET imaging.
Published: 2021

18. Microstructuring of 3D movie theater metallic screens to improve radiant intensity homogeneity and reduce crosstalk

Author: Daniel Stoenescu, Jean-Louis de Bougrenet de la Tocnaye, Thomas Le Deun, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Optique (IMT Atlantique - OPT), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: Physics, Diffraction, Scattering, business.industry, Isotropy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Light intensity, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Homogeneity (physics), 0210 nano-technology, business, Axial symmetry, Radiant intensity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: We present analytical and experimental results of the microstructuring of movie theater metallic screens. Our objective is to maintain the polarization state of reflected light and to control the distribution of light intensity avoiding hotspots. We derive analytical solutions of surface functions with an axial symmetry (kernel) that produces isotropic and Lambertian scattering. Then we model the diffraction that can occur with such kernels, ranging from a few microns to several hundred microns, and we give illustrations when illuminated by laser beams corresponding to future use of laser projectors. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges associated with the tiling of such kernels and their manufacturing.
Published: 2021

19. Les établissements de hauteur défendus protohistoriques en France (XXIIe-Ier siècles av. J.-C.)

Author: Pierre-Yves Milcent, Florian Couderc, Florie-Anne Auxerre-Géron, Philippe Barral, Célia Basset, Jérôme Bénézet, Loup Bernard, Gertrude Blancquaert, Stéphane Carrara, Christian Chevillot, Sébastien Chevrier, Anne Colin, Yann Deberge, Bernard Dedet, Fabien Delrieu, Yann Dufay-Garel, Antoine Dumas, Éric Durand, Hervé Duval, Clément Féliu, Cyril Gaillard, Philippe Gardes, Pierre Giraud, José Gomez de Soto, Alexis Gorgues, Philippe Gruat, Eneko Hiriart, Isoardi Delphine, Marie-Caroline Kurzaj, David Lallemand, Michaël Landolt, Jean-Marie Laruaz, Laurence Lautier, Thomas Le Dreff, Christophe Maitay, François Malrain, Laura Martinaux, Florence Mocci, Pierre Nouvel, Kevin Parachaud, Julie Remy, Pierre Séjalon, Frédéric Sergent, Clément Venco, Florence Verdin, Maxime Walter, Frédérique Bertoncello, Hervé Bocquillon, Lizzy Chappa, Jean Chausserie-Laprée, Anne-Marie Curé, Pierre Dutreuil, Giuseppe Indino, Guilhem Landreau, Pascal Marrou, Olivier Nillesse, Benoît Pace, Pierre Péfau, Christophe Saint-Pierre, Anouk Sarrazin, Marion Saurel, Maeva Serieys, Matthieu Soler, Didier Vignaud, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil départemental d’Eure-et-Loir - Service d'archéologie préventive, Archéologie et histoire ancienne : Méditerranée - Europe (ARCHIMEDE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service archéologique de la ville de Lyon, Mairie de Lyon, Archéologie et Archéométrie (ArAr), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ausonius-Institut de recherche sur l'Antiquité et le Moyen âge, Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association pour la Recherche sur l'Age du Fer en Auvergne (ARAFA), Association, Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes (ASM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Service régional de l'archéologie d'Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (SRA Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre d'études et de recherches archéologiques du Morbihan (CERAM), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Service départemental d'archéologie du Calvados, Conseil général du Calvados, Service départemental d'archéologie de l'Aveyron, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archeodunum S.A. : investigations archéologiques, entreprise, Service Départemental d'Archéologie du Département de l'Allier (SAPDA), Archéologie et Philologie d'Orient et d'Occident (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Service régional de l'archéologie du Grand Est (SRA Grand Est), Service de l'archéologie du département d'Indre-et-Loire (SADIL), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaires en Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Musicologie (CRIHAM), Université de Poitiers-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Hadès - Bureau d'Investigations Archéologiques, HADES, Service Archéologique Municipal Martigues, Martigues, Paléotime, Identités, Territoires, Expressions, Mobilités (ITEM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Service Régional de l'Archéologie - DRAC PACA (SRA PACA), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Département de Vaucluse - Service de l’archéologie (SDAV), CRAL - Centre de recherches archéologiques sur les Landes, Fabien Delrieu, Clément Féliu, Philippe Gruat, Marie-Caroline Kurzaj, Élise Nectoux, Stephan Fichtl, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Poitiers, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: International audience; A review of current knowledge is proposed based on updated data for 1330 fortified sites on high ground. These, for the most part, have been explored on too limited an area to understand their precise nature and status. Generally, they are located on spurs and cover a very small area, particularly in the Southeast. Only a quarter of them exceed 7 ha. The size of the fortifications is also an essential criteria, but it was only possible to address it from one clue – the length: the range of disparities are very wide there also; but, we note that this length doubles on average at the end of the Iron Age. The materials of the ramparts reveal trends: earth dominates in the northwest half, stone in the southeast half; wooden frames are scattered, but rarer near the Mediterranean. At the French national as well as at the regional level, the chronological curves of the occupations are very comparable and punctuated by three peaks, of increasing magnitude, at the end of the Bronze Age, the Early and the Late Iron Age. These evolutionary similarities underscore the importance of causalities on a supraregional and intercultural scale. However, there is no consensus on the interpretation of the defended sites’ development during Protohistory.; Un bilan des connaissances est proposé à partir de données actualisées pour 1330 établissements de hauteur défendus. Ces derniers, dans leur grande majorité, ont été explorés sur une surface trop limitée pour en saisir la nature précise et le statut. Généralement, ils sont implantés sur des éperons et couvrent une surface très réduite, particulièrement dans le Sud-Est. Un quart d’entre eux seulement dépasse les 7 ha. La taille des fortifications est aussi un critère essentiel, mais il n’a été possible de l’aborder qu’à partir d’un indice, la longueur : les disparités sont très fortes là aussi, mais on note que cette longueur double en moyenne avec la fin de l’âge du Fer. Les matériaux des remparts révèlent des tendances : la terre domine dans la moitié nord-ouest, la pierre dans la moitié sud-est ; les armatures de bois sont dispersées, mais plus rares près de la Méditerranée. Au niveau national comme régional, les courbes chronologiques des occupations sont très comparables et scandées par trois pics, d’ampleur croissante, à la fin de l’âge du Bronze, du Premier et du second âge du Fer. Ces similitudes évolutives soulignent l’importance des causalités d’échelle suprarégionale et interculturelle. Pour autant, l’interprétation des évolutions des sites défendus durant la Protohistoire ne fait pas consensus.
Published: 2021

20. Correction to: Stenosing tenosynovitis of the extensor digitorum tendons of the hand: clinical and sonographic features

Author: Thomas Le Corroller, Stefano Bianchi, Aurelien Aumar, Antoine Moraux, Université de Lille, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Radiology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Orthopedic surgery, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Stenosing tenosynovitis, Radiology, business, medicine.disease
Abstract: Place: Germany
Published: 2021

21. Les mines en révolution. Utilité publique et concessions en débats, 1789-1810

Author: Thomas Le Roux, Centre de Recherches Historiques (CRH), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anne Conchon, Serge Aberdam, and Virginie Martin
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

22. Psychiatric Symptoms of Children and Adolescents With Mitochondrial Disorders: A Descriptive Case Series

Author: Elise Riquin, Thomas Le Nerzé, Natwin Pasquini, Magalie Barth, Clément Prouteau, Estelle Colin, Patrizia Amati Bonneau, Vincent Procaccio, Patrick Van Bogaert, Philippe Duverger, Dominique Bonneau, Arnaud Roy, Nantes Université, Bibliothèque universitaire, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Nantes Université - UFR Lettres et Langages (Nantes Univ - UFR LL), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Global Assessment of Functioning, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, RC435-571, adolescent & youth, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mitochondrial disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, medicine, Psychiatry, education, Depression (differential diagnoses), Original Research, psychiatric symptom, education.field_of_study, child, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Manifest Anxiety Scale, business.industry, anxiety, Psychiatry and Mental health, 030104 developmental biology, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, depression, Anxiety, Psychiatric interview, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, adolescent and youth
Abstract: Background: Mitochondrial disorders (MD) are a group of clinically heterogeneous genetic disorders resulting from dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Cognitive impairment is a common feature in adults with MD and psychiatric symptoms are associated with MD in up to 70% of the adult population. The aim of this study is to describe the psychiatric profile in children and adolescents with MD by focusing on the description of psychiatric symptoms.Methods: A cohort of 12 children and adolescents was prospectively recruited between February 2019 and February 2020 in the Reference Center for Mitochondrial Disorders of Angers (France). Participants and their parents completed an anamnestic form to provide socio-demographic data and completed the Global Assessment of Functioning scale, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Child Depression Inventory, the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, and the Conner's Rating Scale to evaluate the inattention/hyperactivity symptoms as well as the Quality of Life scale.Results: Four children (33.3%) were diagnosed with depressive symptoms. With regarding to anxiety, 6 children (50%) reported anxiety issues during the psychiatric interview and 3 children (25%) were suffering from anxiety according to the RCMAS scale. Compared to other children with chronic illnesses, the individuals in our cohort reported a lower overall quality of life score and lower scores in physical and social subscales.Conclusion: Our study shows that MD can lead to psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, in particular anxiety and depression, as well as poor quality of life. This highlights the need for regular psychiatric assessments in individuals with developing brains, such as children and adolescents. We do not, however, have data regarding the neuropsychological profile of this population.
Published: 2021

23. The effect of strain biaxiality on the fracture of zirconium alloy fuel cladding

Author: Ahmed Zouari, Jacques Besson, Jérôme Crépin, Matthew Bono, Thomas Le Jolu, David Le Boulch, Laboratoire de Comportement Mécanique des Matériaux Irradiés (LCMI), Service d'Etudes des Matériaux Irradiés (SEMI), Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre des Matériaux (MAT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), and Centre des Matériaux (CDM)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Digital image correlation, Materials science, Strain (chemistry), Zirconium alloy, Biaxial tests, Forming limit diagram, 02 engineering and technology, Plasticity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cladding (fiber optics), 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Fracture (geology), Biaxiality effects, General Materials Science, Zircaloy-4 cladding, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Pellet-cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI), Ductile fracture mechanism, Plane stress
Abstract: International audience; During a Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA), nuclear fuel cladding experiences a multiaxial loading state in which the Pellet-Cladding Mechanical Interaction (PCMI) produces a strain biaxiality ratio (εzz/εθθ) of between 0 and 1. This study examines the effect of strain state and loading path on the fracture of Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding. A new mechanical test has been developed in order to apply several levels of strain biaxiality. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is used to measure the strain field, to identify the onset of cladding failure, and to obtain the corresponding critical loading state. Results show that the strain biaxiality has a significant effect on the hoop strain at failure, and the smallest fracture strain is obtained for nearly plane strain conditions. A model is proposed for the accumulation of damage due to plastic deformation, based on the Lode parameter of the plastic strain rate tensor. The model is used to predict the failure hoop strain as a function of the strain biaxiality ratio (εzz/εθθ), and good agreement is found between the experimentally measured and predicted failure strains.
Published: 2021

24. Detection of rate change of induced seismicity using ETAS model

Author: Hideo Aochi, Julie Maury, Thomas Le Guenan, and Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
Abstract: International audience; ETAS (Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence) model (e.g. Ogata, 1983, 1988) is widely used for natural seismicity, mostly supporting the stationarity of the background seismicity rate caused by tectonics. On the other hand, induced seismicity rate evolves with ongoing operation (fluid injection, etc.) and the assessment of non-stationary seismicity is important. In this study, we apply the ETAS model to detect the seismicity change and aim to characterize the obtained ETAS parameters with the operation information such as injected fluid volume. A standard, stationary ETAS model consists of five parameters (μ, K, α, c, p). The first parameter μ (number of earthquakes par day) is usually considered stationary. The other four concern the cumulative effect of the triggered events. The ratio between μand K tells that the importance of the "induced" events with respect to "triggered" ones in a sequence. However no explicit formulation of variable μis known for non-stationary seismicity. Therefore, we are going to decluster the observed seismicity into μ (hereafter called "declustered seismicity rate") and the triggered part. We have applied ETAS model on different data sets: 2000 Soultz-sous-Forêt, France (stimulation test at deep geothermal site), 2010-2013 Rousse, France (CO 2 storage experiment in depleted gas reservoir) and 2010-2018 Oklahoma, USA (waste water injection, principally). In particular, the seismicity in Oklahoma expands in space and time due to massive injection from multiple wells. We carry out a systematic regression on Oklahoma data (Oklahoma Geological Survey). Spatially, we select each area with a radius of 20 km to have a sufficient number of earthquakes. Temporally, we fix a time window of 200 events, shifting by 50 events, such that the regression is stable enough. After some trials, we determine two variables of interest (μ, K) by fixing the three other parameters. Figure 1 shows the regression result on the declustered seismicity rate μand the total injected volume on the same area based on the data reported by Oklahoma Corporation Commission, Oil and Gas Division. The variable K does not change significantly. In Figure 1, total volume injected in Arbuckle layers is calculated for each area, and μis calculated at the 53 areas where there are more than 250 earthquakes recorded of magnitude larger than and equal to 2.3 between 2010 and 2018. The peaks of μappears from the end of 2014 to 2015. We find that the appearance of high μdoes not always corresponds to the high injected volume area We then analyze among the parameters. The acceleration of μcan be fitted through an exponential function of normalized total injected volume with a ceiling (μ max). After the peak, the attenuation phase can be fitted with an exponential decay of time passed. The values of μ max (about 3-4 eq/day at maximum among them) are not related to the injection itself so that this should be an intrinsic seismic potential at each area. The acceleration and attenuation rates show certain tendency with the other parameters. For example, μmay not increase rapidly for a high μ max. At average, a coefficient of 0.83 (yr-1) is found for an exponential equation of decay. This is much slower (by a factor of 10 and more) than the one we found in the Rousse case. This is because the injection continues anyway in the Oklahoma case. In conclusion, our statistical analysis allows to follow (forecast) the seismicity evolution with the injection once it begins. However, it is hard to precise the turning points (beginning of the seismicity increase and its peak). The parameters (seismic potential) should be information to learn from the field and
Published: 2020

25. Deep-learning based segmentation of challenging myelin sheaths

Author: Raphael Caillon, Anne Joutel, Florence Rossant, Hélène Urien, Rikesh M. Rajani, Thomas Le Couedic, Institut Supérieur d'Electronique de Paris (ISEP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm - Paris Descartes), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Rossant, Florence
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Computer science, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], g- ratio, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Corpus callosum, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Segmentation, axon, convolutional neural network (CNN), electron microscopy, business.industry, Deep learning, Myelin sheaths, segmentation, deep learning, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, Data set, myelin, White Matter Diseases, Artificial intelligence, business, Encoder, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The segmentation of axons and myelin in electron microscopy images allows neurologists to highlight the density of axons and the thickness of the myelin surrounding them. These properties are of great interest for preventing and anticipating white matter diseases. This task is generally performed manually, which is a long and tedious process. We present an update of the methods used to compute that segmentation via machine learning. Our model is based on the architecture of the U-Net network. Our main contribution consists in using transfer learning in the encoder part of the U-Net network, as well as test time augmentation when segmenting. We use the SE-Resnet50 backbone weights which was pre-trained on the ImageNet 2012 dataset. We used a data set of 23 images with the corresponding segmented masks, which also was challenging due to its extremely small size. The results show very encouraging performances compared to the state-of-the-art with an average precision of 92% on the test images. It is also important to note that the available samples were taken from elderly mices in the corpus callosum. This represented an additional difficulty, compared to related works that had samples taken from the spinal cord or the optic nerve of healthy individuals, with better contours and less debris.
Published: 2020

26. Estimation of joint contact pressure in the index finger using a hybrid finite element musculoskeletal approach

Author: Thomas Le Corroller, Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert, Barthélémy Faudot, Jean-Louis Milan, Laurent Vigouroux, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut du Mouvement et de l’appareil Locomoteur [Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite - APHM] (IML), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Rhumatologie [Sainte- Marguerite - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France, APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Radiology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France, and Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)
Subjects: Male, Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, 02 engineering and technology, Osteoarthritis, finite element analysis, Metacarpophalangeal Joint, Tendons, 0302 clinical medicine, pinch grip task, [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], Hand biomechanics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hand Strength, General Medicine, Structural engineering, Joint contact, Finite element method, Biomechanical Phenomena, Computer Science Applications, medicine.anatomical_structure, Adult, musculoskeletal diseases, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena, Posture, 0206 medical engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, musculoskeletal model, Models, Biological, 03 medical and health sciences, joint contact pressure, Finger Joint, Pressure, medicine, Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], business.industry, Cartilage, Reproducibility of Results, 030229 sport sciences, Index finger, Stress distribution, medicine.disease, 020601 biomedical engineering, Human-Computer Interaction, Hand joint, Stress, Mechanical, business
Abstract: International audience; The knowledge of local stress distribution in hand joints is crucial to understand injuries and osteoarthritis occurrence. However, determining cartilage contact stresses remains a challenge, requiring numerical models including both accurate anatomical components and realistic tendon force actuation. Contact forces in finger joints have frequently been calculated but little data is available on joint contact pressures. This study aimed to develop and assess a hybrid biomechanical model of the index finger to estimate in-vivo joint contact pressure during a static maximal strength pinch grip task. A finite element model including bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments was developed, with tendon force transmission based on a tendon-pulley system. This model was driven by realistic tendon forces estimated from a musculoskeletal model and motion capture data for six subjects. The hybrid model outputs agreed well with the experimental measurement of fingertip forces and literature data on the physiological distribution of tendon forces through the index finger. Mean contact pressures were 6.9 ± 2.7MPa, 6.2 ± 1.0 MPa and 7.2 ± 1.3MPa for distal, proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, respectively. Two subjects had higher mean contact pressure in the distal joint than in the other two joints, suggesting a mechanical cause for the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the index distal joint. The inter-subject variability in joint contact pressure could be explained by different neuromuscular strategies employed for the task. This first application of an effective hybrid model to the index finger is promising for estimating hand joint stresses under daily grip tasks and simulating surgical procedures.
Published: 2020

27. The Contamination of the Earth. A History of Pollutions in the Industrial Age

Author: Thomas Le Roux, François Jarrige, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherches « Sociétés, Sensibilités, Soin » (LIR3S), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches Historiques (CRH), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bourgogne, LIR3S (ancien CGC)
Subjects: Environmental protection, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Political science, Industrial Age, Earth (chemistry), Contamination, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

28. Description and application of a 2D-axisymmetric model for entropy noise in nozzle flows

Author: Sébastien Ducruix, Maxime Huet, Jun Zheng, Alexis Giauque, Ariane Emmanuelli, Thomas Le Garrec, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Énergétique Moléculaire et Macroscopique, Combustion (EM2C), and CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Computation, Nozzle, Rotational symmetry, 02 engineering and technology, Combustion, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Mean flow, Entropy (energy dispersal), 010301 acoustics, Reference model, computational aeroacoustics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], nozzle, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, low-order modelling, Condensed Matter Physics, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Computational aeroacoustics, entropy noise
Abstract: International audience; Entropy noise corresponds to acoustic uctuations generated inside gas-turbine engines when temperature (entropy) spots are accelerated by the mean ow. This type of noise currently faces growing interest because of its contribution to global aero-engine noise as well as its impact on combustion instabilities. In the present article, a two-dimensional semi-analytical model is developed to predict entropy noise in nozzle ow. It complements the reference model of Marble and Candel ("Acoustic disturbance from gas non-uniformities convected through a nozzle", J. Sound Vib., 55, pp. 225-243, 1977) and its more recent extensions which remain one-dimensional, by taking the radial variations of the ow into account in the noise generation computation. Validations are performed by comparison with computational aeroacoustics simulations with either entropy or acoustic excitations in a subsonic nozzle. Very good agreement is observed between the numerical simulations and the 2D model for all the frequencies considered. The role of entropy wave distortion in noise generation is demonstrated by comparison with a 1D model which fails to reproduce the simulated results for medium to large frequencies.
Published: 2020

29. Dynamic contrast with reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent labels for imaging living cells

Author: Annie Lemarchand, Agnès Pellissier-Tanon, Ludovic Jullien, Thomas Le Saux, Agathe Espagne, Raja Chouket, Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Système membranaires, photobiologie, stress et détoxication (SMPSD), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Computer science, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Dynamic contrast, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Interrogating living cells requires sensitive imaging of a large number of components in real time. The state-of-the-art of multiplexed imaging is usually limited to a few components. This review reports on the promise and the challenges of dynamic contrast to overcome this limitation., Interrogating living cells requires sensitive imaging of a large number of components in real time.
Published: 2020

30. I Casteddi (Tavera - Corse-du-Sud) : habitat, grenier et espace domestique au second âge du Fer

Author: Hélène Paolini-Saez, Daniele Arobba, Audrey Jamai-Chipon, Bernard GRATUZE, Maryline Lambert, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Marine Lechenault, Arthur Leck, Thomas Le Flecher, Mélanie Marcel, Eliana Piccardi, Xavier Villat, Laboratoire régional d'archéologie (LRA-CORSE), Museo Archeologico del Finale, Chiostri di Santa Caterina, IRAMAT - Centre Ernest Babelon (IRAMAT-CEB), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Archaeology [Durham University], Durham University, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Histoire et Sources des Mondes antiques (HiSoMA), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EVEHA (Etudes et valorisations archeologiques), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Universita degli studi di Genova, and Le Bourdonnec, François-Xavier
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: International audience; Le site d’I Casteddi (Tavera, Corse-du-Sud) est un habitat fortifié sur éperon qui domine la vallée de la Gravona à 420 m d’altitude. Sa position perchée est nettement défensive au nord par un escarpement abrupt. Le relief plus adouci sur les autres versants est marqué par l’élévation de murs d’enceinte en gros appareillage qui clôturent le site en jouant un rôle de fortification et de délimitation de terrasses. Sur ces terrasses, s’articulent maison, bâtiment et structure variée de l’âge du Bronze moyen jusqu’au second âge du Fer, durant 1500 ans, sans discontinuité.Nous aborderons dans cette conférence l’organisation de l’habitat perché et fortifié de l’âge du Fer de cet éperon où les travaux menés de 2014 à 2019 permettent de mettre en évidence une habitation sur poteaux de forme elliptique bordée de gros blocs, un bâtiment rectangulaire abritant ou jouxtant des fosses silos à semences, une terrasse ouverte destinée notamment à la pratique d’activité métallurgique. Ces espaces domestiques livrent un mobilier mêlant aussi bien des productions locales que des productions exogènes représentatives du commerce méditerranéen de l’époque républicaine (amphore, vaisselle de table, anneau de verre, mobilier métallique) sans exclure le mobilier lithique taillé (obsidienne, rhyolite) toujours utilisé et témoignant d’un réseau de diffusion ou de réutilisation de matières préalablement importées.L’ensemble de ces résultats engendre une recontextualisation des dynamiques sociales à la fin de la Protohistoire, tant dans l’organisation interne de l’habitat qu’à un niveau micro régional élargi.
Published: 2020

31. Comparison of MRI and motor evoked potential with triple stimulation technique for the detection of brachial plexus abnormalities in multifocal motor neuropathy

Author: Emmanuelle Salort-Campana, Aude-Marie Grapperon, Annie Verschueren, Emilien Delmont, Shahram Attarian, Giovanni Corazza, Thomas Le Corroller, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires et de la SLA, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Neural Conduction, Mismatch negativity, 030105 genetics & heredity, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Polyneuropathies, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Brachial Plexus, Evoked potential, Motor Neuron Disease, Aged, Plexus, business.industry, Stimulation technique, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, Electric Stimulation, 3. Good health, Female, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, Nerve conduction, Brachial plexus, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Multifocal motor neuropathy
Abstract: International audience; Background: Conduction blocks (CB) are the diagnostic hallmark of multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). Conventional nerve conduction studies cannot detect CB above Erb's point. Our purpose was to compare the performance of the motor evoked potential with triple stimulation technique (MEP-TST) and MRI in the detection of abnormalities of the brachial plexus.Methods: Examinations were performed on 26 patients with MMN (11 definite, 6 probable, 9 possible), of whom 7 had no CB. Results: MEP-TST detected proximal CB in 19/26 patients. Plexus MRI showed T2 hyperintensity in 18/26 patients, with nerve enlargement in 14/18. A combination of both techniques increased the detection rate of brachial plexus abnormalities to 96% of patients (25/26).Conclusions: MEP-TST and MRI have high sensitivities for detecting brachial plexus abnormalities. A combination of the two techniques increases the detection rate of supportive criteria for the diagnosis of MMN
Published: 2020

32. Entropy noise modelling in 2D choked nozzle flows

Author: Maxime Huet, Ariane Emmanuelli, Thomas Le Garrec, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ECOULEMENT AMORCE, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, BRUIT ENTROPIQUE, Nozzle, 02 engineering and technology, TUYERE, 01 natural sciences, Tuyere, CHOKED FLOW, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, ENTROPY NOISE, MODELE, 0203 mechanical engineering, Inviscid flow, 0103 physical sciences, Mean flow, 010301 acoustics, Choked flow, Physics, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Mechanical Engineering, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Acoustic wave, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, LOW-ORDER MODEL, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Combustor, NOZZLE, Computational aeroacoustics
Abstract: International audience; Entropy noise is produced when temperature fluctuations (entropy spots) are accelerated by the mean flow, through a nozzle or a turbine stage for instance. When it propagates outside the engine it contributes to community noise and may generate thermoacoustic instabilities when reflected back towards the com-bustor, hence the need for its modelling. Among all the inviscid models proposed in the literature, only the one developed by ONERA takes into account the 2D nature of the mean flow and the radial deformation of the entropy waves through the nozzle, which plays a crucial role in noise generation (Emmanuelli et al., J. Sound Vib., vol. 472, 2020, pp. 115163). This model has been validated in the subsonic regime and is extended in the present work to 2D supercritical configurations , without and with a normal shock in the diffuser. Modelled transfer functions are validated by comparison with reference data obtained with computational aeroacoustics simulations and excellent agreement is found between the simulations and the model. The contribution of the shear dispersion of the entropy wave to noise generation is evidenced and the failure of the quasi-1D models, which do not account for the radial deformation of the entropy fluctuations , is illustrated. Noise scattering through the nozzle is also investigated. The 2D model is found to correctly recover the simulated transmitted and reflected acoustic waves through the nozzle. Quasi-1D solutions are also found to collapse with the reference simulations, which indicates that 2D mean flow effects are Figure 1: General sketch of a nozzle with all incoming and outgoing waves. negligible for the propagation of the acoustic waves through the nozzle.; Le bruit entropique est généré quand des fluctuations de températures (spots d’entropie) sont accélérées par l’écoulement moyen, par exemple à travers une tuyère ou un étage de turbine. Quand ce bruit se propage à l’extérieur du moteur il contribue au bruit total émis par l’aéronef, tandis qu’il peut provoquer des instabilités de combustion quand il est réfléchi vers la chambre de combustion, d’où le besoin de le modéliser. Parmi tous les modèles disponibles dans la littérature, seul celui développé par l’ONERA prend en compte la nature bidimensionnelle de l’écoulement moyen et la déformation radiale des ondes entropiques à travers la tuyère, dont l’importance dans l’évaluation quantitative précise du bruit entropique a été démontrée (Emmanuelli et al., «Description and application of a 2D-axisymmetric model for entropy noise in nozzle flows », à paraître dans le Journal of Sound and Vibration). Ce modèle a été validé pour les écoulements subsoniques et est étendu dans l’étude présente aux écoulements de tuyères amorcés, sans et avec un choc droit dans le diffuseur. Le modèle est validé par comparaison des fonctions de transfert obtenues avec des simulations numériques CAA de référence. L’accord calcul/modèle observé est excellent. L’effet de la dispersion radiale de l’onde entropique sur le bruit généré est mis en évidence et le défaut des modèles quasi-1D sur cet aspect est illustré. La transmission et la réflexion des ondes acoustiques à travers la tuyère est également étudiée. Les résultats sont très bons pour le modèle quasi-1D et le modèle 2D, les effets bidimensionnels de l’écoulement moyen sur la propagation des ondes acoustiques à travers la tuyère sont donc négligeables.
Published: 2020

33. Anterolateral knee pain related to thrombosed lateral patellar retinaculum veins: Unusual anterolateral pain of the knee

Author: Stefano Bianchi, Thomas Le Corroller, Antoine Moraux, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, lateral patellar retinaculum, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, knee, Physical examination, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, musculoskeletal system, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Veins, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Edema, Collateral Ligaments/blood supply/*diagnostic imaging, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, Pain/*etiology, Venous Thrombosis/*complications/*diagnostic imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Ultrasonography/*methods, Tenderness, Edema/diagnostic imaging/etiology, Venous thrombosis, Knee pain, Knee Joint/*diagnostic imaging, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Radiology, venous thrombosis, medicine.symptom, business, human activities, soft tissue mass
Abstract: Place: United States; We describe the ultrasound (US) features of venous thrombosis involving the lateral patellar retinaculum (LPR) veins presenting as anterolateral knee pain. Four male patients, aged 16 to 35 years, were referred for lateropatellar pain with focal tenderness. In two cases, physical examination also demonstrated soft tissue swelling at the anterolateral aspect of the knee. In all four cases, US showed subcutaneous fat edema surrounding a thrombosis involving the LPR veins. Magnetic resonance imaging performed before US in one patient revealed only nonspecific subcutaneous fat edema and was therefore unable to make the correct diagnosis of LPR venous thrombosis.
Published: 2020

34. Borinic acids as new fast-responsive triggers for hydrogen peroxide detection

Author: Yann Bourdreux, Thomas Lombès, Gilles Doisneau, Thomas Le Saux, Aurélie Baron, Stéphanie Norsikian, Marie Erard, Philippe Durand, Boris Vauzeilles, Roxane Ottenwelter, Ludovic Jullien, Dominique Guianvarc'h, Blaise Gatin-Fraudet, Dominique Urban, Norsikian, Stéphanie, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Kinetics, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Context (language use), Reactivity (chemistry), Hydrogen peroxide, Borinic acid, Combinatorial chemistry, Fluorescence, First generation
Abstract: Detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is responsible for numerous damages when overproduced, is crucial for a better understanding of H2O2-mediated signalling in physiological and pathological processes. For this purpose, various“off-on” small fluorescent probes relying on a boronate trigger have been developed. However, they suffer from low kinetics and do not allow forH2O2-detectionwith a short response time. Therefore, more reactive sensors are still awaited. To address this issue, we have successfully developed the first generation of borinic-based fluorescent probes containing a coumarin-scaffold. We determined the in vitrokinetic constants of the probe toward H2O2-promotedoxidation. We measured 1.9x104m-1.s-1as a second order rate constant, which is 10 000 faster than its boronic counterpart (1.8 m-1.s-1). This remarkable reactivity was also effective in a cellular context, rendering the borinic trigger an advantageous new tool for H2O2detection.
Published: 2020

35. Évaluation du risque simplifiée du tomato brown rugose fruit virus pour la France métropolitaine

Author: Eric Verdin, Pascal Gentit, Stéphan Steyer, Thierry Wetzel, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Marie-Helene Balesdent, Françoise Binet, Antonio Biondi, Philippe Castagnone, Péninna Deberdt, Nicolas Desneux, Marie Laure Desprez Loustau, Abraham ESCOBAR GUTIERREZ, Laurent Gentzbittel, Herve Jactel, David Makowski, Arnaud Monty, Maria Navajas, Xavier Nesme, Marie-Hélène Robin, François Verheggen, Christine Tayeh, Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Dienstleistungszentren Ländlicher Raum Rheinland-Pfalz, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Catane, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Liège, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Unité Entomologie fonctionnelle et évolutive, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Contrat : 2019-SA-0080, Commanditaire : Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (France), Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Date de signature : 2019-04-25, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 103 HORTSYS), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)
Subjects: risque phytosanitaire, virus phytopathogène, analyse de risques, description de symptomes, dissémination, tomato brown rugose fruit virus, état de l'art, semences, maladie émergente, culture legumiere, expertise scientifique, évaluation du risque, tobamovirus, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, piment, filière économique, tomate, phytopathogenic virus, outbreaks, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, emerging disease, résistance, pathologie végétale, épidémie
Abstract: Évaluation du risque simplifiée du tomato brown rugose fruit virus pour la France métropolitaine. Avis de l'Anses. Rapport d'expertise collective
Published: 2020

36. Flat-panel CT arthrography for cartilage defect detection in the ankle joint: first results in vivo

Author: Sarah Pagliano, Thomas Le Corroller, Daphné Guenoun, Roman Guggenberger, Pierre Champsaur, Vanessa Pauly, David Chemouni, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), University of Zurich, Le Corroller, Thomas, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Iohexol, Contrast Media, 610 Medicine & health, Gadolinium, Sensitivity and Specificity, Flat panel, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Multidetector Computed Tomography, medicine, 2741 Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Arthrography, Aged, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, 10042 Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, business.industry, Cartilage, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, Iobitridol, Malleolus, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, Orthopedic surgery, Female, Ct arthrography, Ankle, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Nuclear medicine, business, Cartilage Diseases, Ankle Joint, CT, MRI
Abstract: International audience; Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of flat-panel computed tomography (FPCT) arthrography for cartilage defect detection in the ankle joint to direct magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) arthrography as the reference standard. Methods Twenty-seven patients with specific suspicion of articular cartilage lesion underwent ankle arthrography with injection of a mixture of diluted gadolinium and iobitridol and were examined consecutively with the use of FPCT, MDCT, and 1.5 T MR imaging. FPCT, MDCT, and MR arthrography examinations were blinded and randomly evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists in consensus. In each ankle, eight articular cartilage areas were assessed separately: medial talar surface, medial talar trochlea, lateral talar trochlea, lateral talar surface, tibial malleolus, medial tibial plafond, lateral tibial plafond, and fibular malleolus. Findings at FPCT and MR were compared with MDCT assessments in 216 cartilage areas.Results For the detection of cartilage defects, FPCT demonstrated a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 95%, and accuracy of 96%; and MR arthrography showed a sensitivity of 69%, specificity of 94%, and accuracy of 87%. FPCT and MR arthrography presented almost perfect agreement (κ = 0.87) and moderate agreement (κ = 0.60), respectively, with MDCT arthrography. Mean diagnostic confidence was higher for FPCT (2.9/3) than for MR (2.3/3) and MDCT (2.7/3) arthrography.Conclusions FPCT demonstrated better accuracy than did 1.5 T MR arthrography for cartilage defect detection in the ankle joint. Therefore, FPCT should be considered in patients scheduled for dedicated imaging of ankle articular cartilage.
Published: 2020

37. Lifestyle changes in mitigation pathways: policy and scientific insights

Author: Thomas Le Gallic, Mathieu Saujot, Henri Waisman, Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaire MPDD, ANR-10-LABX-0014,IDGM+,Designing new international development policies from research outcomes. An enhanced(2010), and European Project: 821124,NAVIGATE project (H2020/2019-2023)
Subjects: climate mitigation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 020209 energy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, IAM, lifestyles, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, decarbonisation pathways, modelling, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Economics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, science-policy interface
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

38. In Vivo Albumin‐Binding of a C ‐Functionalized Cyclam Platform for 64 Cu‐PET/CT Imaging in Breast Cancer Model

Author: Thomas Le Bihan, Cathryn H.S. Driver, Raphaël Tripier, Thomas Ebenhan, Nathalie Le Bris, Jan Rijn Zeevaart, Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique (CEMCA), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and South African Nuclear Energy Corporation Radiochemistry and NuMeRI PreClinical Imaging Facility (SANECR-NuMeRi_PCIF)
Subjects: Biodistribution, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, TE3A, Breast cancer, In vivo, Drug Discovery, Cyclam, Radioligand, medicine, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 64-Cu PET, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Bioconjugation, 010405 organic chemistry, tumor targeting, Organic Chemistry, Albumin, EPR effect, medicine.disease, Blood proteins, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, chemistry, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine
Abstract: International audience; An improved glucose‐chelator‐albumin bioconjugate (GluCAB) derivative, GluCAB‐2Mal, has been synthesized and studied for in vivo 64Cu‐PET/CT imaging in breast cancer mice models together with its first‐generation analogue GluCAB‐1Mal. The radioligand works on the principle of tumor targeting through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect with a supportive role played by glucose metabolism. [64Cu]Cu‐GluCAB‐2Mal (99 % RCP) exhibited high serum stability with immediate binding to serum proteins. In vivo experiments for comparison between tumor targeting of [64Cu]Cu‐GluCAB‐2Mal and previous‐generation [64Cu]Cu‐GluCAB‐1Mal encompassed microPET/CT imaging and biodistribution analysis in an allograft E0771 breast cancer mouse model. Tumor uptake of [64Cu]Cu‐GluCAB‐2Mal was clearly evident with twice as much accumulation as compared to its predecessor and a tumor/muscle ratio of up to 5 after 24 h. Further comparison indicated a decrease in liver accumulation for [64Cu]Cu‐Glu‐CAB‐2Mal.
Published: 2020

39. Design and control of a low-cost autonomous profiling float

Author: Luc Jaulin, Gilles Le Maillot, Thierry Ropert, Aurélien Ponte, Benoit Zerr, Thomas Le Mézo, Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_PRASYS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, low-cost design, Float (project management), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Control (management), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Low-cost design, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Extended Kalman filter, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, depth control, Depth control, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], General Materials Science, Loop design, state feedback, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Profiling (computer programming), Mechanical Engineering, Float, Extended Kalman Filter, Key (cryptography), State (computer science), State feedback
Abstract: This paper presents the development made around the SeaBot, a new low-cost profiling float design for shallow water. We introduce a simplified dynamical model of the float and propose a state feedback depth controller coupled with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to estimate model parameters. We show experimental results of the depth control that validate the model and the controller. We finally propose a loop design method to build low-cost floats by highlighting key design choices along with design rules.
Published: 2019

40. Photosensitized oxidative addition to gold(i) enables alkynylative cyclization of o-alkylnylphenols with iodoalkynes

Author: Zhonghua Xia, Fen Zhao, Louis Fensterbank, Cédric Przybylski, Thomas Le Saux, Cyril Ollivier, Ludovic Jullien, Vincent Corcé, Agathe Espagne, Yves Gimbert, Virginie Mouriès-Mansuy, Héloïse Dossmann, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, 010405 organic chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Iodide, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Redox, Combinatorial chemistry, Oxidative addition, Reductive elimination, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, chemistry, Transition metal, Reagent, Iridium, [CHIM.CHEM]Chemical Sciences/Cheminformatics
Abstract: International audience; The well-established oxidative addition-reductive elimination pathway is the most followed one in transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions. While readily occurring with a series of transition metals, it does not take place with gold(I) complexes which have shown some reluctance to undergo oxidative addition unless special sets of ligands on gold(I), reagents or reaction conditions are used. A new possibility to overcome this hurdle has been devised. Upon visible light irradiation, an iridium photocatalyst triggers via triplet sensitization the oxidative addition of an al-kynyliodide onto a vinylgold(I) intermediate to deliver Csp 2-Csp coupling products after reductive elimination. Mechanistic and modeling studies support that an energy transfer takes place and not a redox pathway. This novel mode of activation in gold homogenous catalysis was applied in several dual catalytic processes. Alkynylbenzofuran derivatives were obtained from o-alkynylphenols and iodoalkynes in the presence of catalytic gold(I) and iridium(III) complexes under blue LED irradiation. Over the last two decades, homogeneous gold catalysis has been extensively used to efficiently and selectively promote a variety of cyclization processes. 1-3 The typical casting involves bifunctional substrates bearing an unsaturation prompt to electrophilic activation and a judiciously positioned internal nucleophile. A protodemetalation of the organogold intermediates to afford hydrofunctional-ized products generally terminates the catalytic cycles. 4 Pursuing the step economy principle and also aiming at higher level of molecular complexity, some in situ post-functionalization reactions of the organogold 5 intermediate have been devised such as electrophilic halogenation or cross-coupling reactions. Although palladium catalyzed cross coupling from an organogold(I) intermediate has been
Published: 2019

41. AB1144 ULTRA HIGH FIELD MRI MICROARCHITECTURE ANALYSIS IMPROVES THE PREDICTION OF PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURE: A COMBINED STUDY WITH EX VIVO BIOMECHANICAL TESTS

Author: Alaxandre Fouré, Jean-Christophe Souplet, Sandrine Guis, Vanessa Pauly, Jean-Pierre Mattei, Martine Pithioux, Patrick Chabrand, Pierre Champsaur, David Bendahan, Thomas Le Corroller, Daphné Guenoun, Maxime Guye, Monique Bernard, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Sainte Marguerite], and Souplet, Jean-Christophe
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Bone mineral, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Proximal femur, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, musculoskeletal system, Cadaver, Ultra high field, Fracture (geology), Medicine, Femur, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, business, Cadaveric spasm, Nuclear medicine, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: Background The purpose of this study was to assess cadaveric proximal femurs from the points of view of bone microarchitecture using ultra-high field (UHF) 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone strength using biomechanical tests and bone mineral density (BMD) using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Objectives We aimed at determining whether bone microarchitecture parameters were related to bone strength and BMD and whether UHF MRI can provide additional information regarding bone strength. Methods BMD of ten proximal femurs from five cadavers were investigated using DXA and the bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), fractal dimension (FD), Euler characteristics (Euler Ch.), Connectivity density (Conn. D) and Degree of anisotropy (DA) of each femur was quantified using UHF MRI. The whole set of specimens underwent mechanical compression tests to failure. Results BMD and all the microarchitecture parameters except ConnD were significantly correlated with failure load (p Overall, femur bone microarchitecture assessed with UHF MRI was significantly correlated with biomechanical parameters. The multimodal assessment of BMD and trabecular bone microarchitecture using UHF MRI improved the fracture risk prediction of femoral bone and might be of interest for the future investigation of selected osteoporotic patients. Conclusion We demonstrated that femur bone microarchitecture assessed with UHF MRI was significantly correlated with biomechanical parameters. The multimodal assessment of bone mineral density and trabecular bone microarchitecture using UHF MRI improved the fracture risk prediction of femoral bone and might be of interest for the future investigation of selected osteoporotic patients. Disclosure of Interests None declared
Published: 2019

42. Ultra-high Field MRI Microarchitecture Analysis Improves the Prediction of Proximal Femur Fracture: A Combined Study with Ex Vivo Biomechanical Tests

Author: Guenoun, Daphne, Pithioux, Martine, Souplet, Jean-Christophe, Guis, Sandrine, Corroller, Thomas Le, Fouré, Alaxandre, Pauly, Vanessa, Mattei, Jean-Pierre, Bernard, Monique, Guye, Maxime, Chabrand, Patrick, Champsaur, Pierre, Bendahan, David, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens Healthcare, and Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Sainte Marguerite]
Subjects: [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; The purpose of this study was to investigate bone microarchitecture of cadaveric proximal femurs using ultra-high field (UHF) 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare the corresponding metrics with failure load assessed during mechanical compression test and areal bone mineral density (ABDM) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Materials and methods: ABDM of ten proximal femurs from five cadavers (5 women; mean age= 86.2 ± 3.8 (SD) years; range : 82.5-90 years) were investigated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular spacing, fractal dimension, Euler characteristics, Connectivity density and degree of anisotropy of each femur was quantified using UHF MRI. The whole set of specimens underwent mechanical compression tests to failure. Associations were searched using correlation tests and multiple regression analysis.
Published: 2019

43. Prédiction du bruit tonal d'un moteur UHBR à échelle 1 en condition d'approche avec effet de distorsion

Author: Thomas Le Garrec, Alain Chelius, Cyril Polacsek, Majd Daroukh, Benjamin François, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], and ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: DISTORSION, FULL-SCALE, Nacelle, AEROACOUSTIQUE, BRUIT TONAL, 02 engineering and technology, Inflow, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, symbols.namesake, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, UHBR, 0103 physical sciences, ECHELLE 1, Mean flow, TONAL NOISE, Bypass ratio, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, DISTORTION, Angle of attack, AEROACOUSTICS, Mechanics, Euler equations, symbols, Computational aeroacoustics, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations
Abstract: International audience; Modern UHBR (Ultra High Bypass Ratio) aeroengines are characterized by reduced fan speeds and very short asymmetric intakes, so that the mean flow entering into the nacelle is no more uniform along the azimuthal direction (particularly at operating conditions with non-zero angle of attack). Such short inlets and inflow distortions can highly modify the dominant tone noise contributions known from conventional turbofans. This paper presents aeroacoustic investigations applied to a full scale UHBR engine in the framework of the CleanSky2 European project, ASPIRE. Numerical simulations based on (u)RANS calculations are coupled to integral formulations derived from the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings analogy and to CAA (Computational AeroAcoustics) based on non-linear disturbance Euler equations, in order to assess the source generation and sound propagation of the fan-OGV stage with and without inflow distortion. Simulations are performed at approach operating condition and CAA is focused on the intake region and forward radiation. It is shown that the inflow distortion effects significantly modify the harmonic loads (on rotor and stator) and so the associated circumferential mode spectrum. Although the blade passing frequency remains cut-off, these effects give rise to an increase of overall power level in the forward direction, and a non expected reduction in the bypass duct too.; Les moteurs modernes à haut taux de dilution (UHBR pour Ultra High Bypass Ratio) sont caractérisés par des vitesses de rotation de soufflante réduites et des entrées d'air asymétriques courtes, induisant en entrée de nacelle des écoulements moyens non uniformes dans la direction azimutale (particulièrement dans les configurations avec incidence). Les entrées d'air courtes et les écoulements avec distorsion peuvent altérer la contribution des bruits tonaux par rapport aux configurations conventionnelles. Ce papier présente l'étude aéroacoustique de ces phénomènes sur un moteur UHBR dans le cadre du projet ASPIRE qui s'inscrit dans le projet européen CleanSky2. Des simulations (u)RANS couplées à des calculs de méthodes intégrales basés sur l'analogie de Ffowcs-Williams et Hawkings, et à des calculs CAA basés sur les équations d'Euler non linéaire en formulation perturbative, sont réalisées afin d'étudier la génération des sources acoustiques par l'étage fan/OGC et leur propagation avec ou sans effet de distorsion. Les calculs sont réalisés dans des conditions d'approche et focalisés sur l'entrée d'air et la propagation acoustique en amont de la nacelle. Il est montré que la distorsion modifie la répartition harmonique des charges (sur le rotor et le stator) et les modes azimutaux associés. Bien que la fréquence associée aux passages des pâles du rotor reste coupée, la distorsion provoque une augmentation significative des niveaux acoustiques globaux dans direction en aval, ainsi que atténuation non attendue dans le conduit en amont.
Published: 2019

44. Analyse du bruit de jet installé par traitement de réseaux de microphones

Author: Renaud Davy, Maxime Huet, Thomas Le Garrec, Frédéric Mortain, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], and ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Jet (fluid), Anechoic chamber, Computer simulation, Computer science, Microphone, Acoustics, EFFET INSTALLATION MOTEUR, 02 engineering and technology, BRUIT JET, 01 natural sciences, Jet noise, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Noise, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Trailing edge, LOCALISATION SOURCE ACOUSTIQUE, Wind tunnel
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents the identification of jet noise sources carried out at ONERA in the framework of the European Project JERONIMO. A dedicated test campaign was conducted in the anechoic wind tunnel CEPRA19 for a UHBR dual-stream nozzle with and without wing model installed. Arrays of microphone were implemented in order to apply advanced processing for noise source identification. The analysis focused on the wing installation effects. Correlated monopoles model was used in order to identify the different noise sources radiation occurring in installed jet configurations. The results projected in far field have been assessed with the farfield measurement. The acoustic localization processing applied to the numerical simulation demonstrates a good agreement with the experiments. Tonal jet-flap interaction noise is also highlighted, showing strong correlation between source at bypass exit and flap trailing edge.; Ce papier présente les résultats de l’identification des sources de bruit de jet menée par l’ONERA dans le cadre du programme européen Jeronimo. Une expérimentation dédiée a été conduite dans la soufflerie anéchoïque CEPRA19 de l’ONERA sur une tuyère double flux à très haut taux de dilution avec et sans la présence d’une voilure. Des réseaux de microphones ont été implantés afin d’identifier les sources de bruit à l’aide des méthodes de traitement du signal développé à l’office. L’analyse se focalise dans ce papier sur les effets d’installation motrice, en utilisant une méthode basée, pour les sources acoustiques, sur une modèle de monopoles corrélés qui permet de pouvoir restituer la directivité des différents mécanismes de bruit impliqués dans ces configurations. Afin d’évaluer les résultats, les distributions de sources acoustiques obtenues par le traitement d’antenne ont été projetées en champ lointain et comparées aux mesures directes réalisées en champ lointain. Enfin ces mêmes techniques ont été appliquées aux simulations numériques réalisées pour une condition de jet de l’essai. Les résultats ont montré un accord satisfaisant avec l’expérimentation. Le phénomène de bruit tonal décrit par différents auteurs a également été mis en évidence et indique une forte corrélation entre une source située dans le plan de sortie du jet secondaire et une au bord de fuite du volet.
Published: 2019

45. Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass

Author: Pascal Marnotte, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Agroécologie et Intensification Durables des cultures annuelles (UPR AIDA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS)
Subjects: Écologie, F40 - Écologie végétale, Espèce introduite, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Taxonomie, Asteraceae, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, La Réunion, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Porophyllum ruderale, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Espèce envahissante
Abstract: Marnotte Pascal,Le Bourgeois Thomas. Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass.. In: Le Journal de botanique, n°87, 2019. pp. 123-125.
Published: 2019

46. Anatomical study of the medial plantar proper digital nerve using ultrasound

Author: Raphaël Guillin, Elodie Santiago, Thomas Le Corroller, Pierre Champsaur, Anne Causeret, Arnaud Deniel, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]
Subjects: Adult, Male, Metatarsophalangeal Joint, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medial plantar nerve, Cadaver, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Ultrasonography, Neuroradiology, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, Interventional radiology, General Medicine, Anatomy, Neuroma, medicine.disease, Healthy Volunteers, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hallux, Female, Radiology, Tibial Nerve, Digital nerve, business, Cadaveric spasm
Abstract: To determine whether ultrasound allows precise assessment of the course and relations of the medial plantar proper digital nerve (MPPDN). This work was initially undertaken in six cadaveric specimens and followed by a high-resolution ultrasound study in 17 healthy adult volunteers (34 nerves) by two musculoskeletal radiologists in consensus. Location and course of the MPPDN and its relationship to adjacent anatomical structures were analysed. The MPPDN was consistently identified by ultrasound along its entire course. Mean cross-sectional area of the nerve was 0.8 mm2 (range 0.4–1.4). The MPPDN after it branches from the medial plantar nerve was located a mean of 22 mm (range 19–27) lateral to the medial border of the medial cuneiform. More distally, at the level of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, mean direct distances between the nerve and the first metatarsal head and the medial hallux sesamoid were respectively 3 mm (range 1–8) and 4 mm (range 2–9). The MPPDN can be depicted by ultrasonography. Useful bony landmarks for its detection could be defined. Precise mapping of its anatomical course may have important clinical applications. • The medial plantar proper digital nerve (MPPDN) rises from the medial plantar nerve to the medial side of the hallux. • Because of its particularly long course and superficial position, the MPPDN may be subject to trauma, resulting in a condition known as Joplin’s neuroma. • The MPPDN can be clearly depicted by ultrasound along its entire course. Precise mapping of its anatomical course may have important clinical applications.
Published: 2019

47. The lateral patellar retinaculum defect: anatomical study using ultrasound

Author: François Tassery, Stefano Bianchi, Antoine Moraux, Thomas Le Corroller, Cabinet de médecine du sport Le Havre, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Population, Anastomosis, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patellar Ligament, Ultrasound, medicine, Cadaver, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Knee, education, Ultrasonography, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Anatomy, Patella, Patellar tendon, Orthopedic surgery, Lateral patellar retinaculum, Female, Cadaveric spasm, business
Abstract: International audience; Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasound allows precise assessment of a focal defect at the lateral patellar retinaculum (LPR) and to determine its anatomical significance.Materials and methods: This work was initially undertaken in four cadaveric specimens and followed by high-resolution ultrasound study in 48 healthy adult volunteers (96 knees) by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Dimension and location of the LPR defect and its relations to adjacent anatomical structures were analyzed.Results: A focal defect of the LPR through which vessels penetrated was constantly identified by ultrasound in our population. The mean transverse diameter of the defect was 2.4 mm (range, 1–6 mm). The defect was located a mean of 23.7 mm (range, 18–30 mm) proximal to the lateral tibial plateau and 6.6 mm (range, 4–9 mm) lateral to the patellar tendon. Anatomical dissection demonstrated that the LPR defect is related to perforating vessels that originate from the peripatellar anastomotic ring.Conclusions: The focal defect of the LPR can be depicted by ultrasonography. Reproducible anatomical landmarks for its detection could be defined. Our data suggest the LPR defect may be considered a normal variant rather than a pathologic chang
Published: 2019

48. Optical control of protein activity and gene expression by photoactivation of caged cyclofen

Author: Isabelle Aujard, David Bensimon, Bertrand Ducos, Thomas Le Saux, Ludovic Jullien, Weiting Zhang, Sophie Vriz, Fatima Hamouri, ABCD : Biophysique des Biomolécules, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus d'Activation Sélective par Transfert d'Energie Uni-électronique ou Radiatif (UMR 8640) (PASTEUR), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Collège de France (CdF)-PSL Research University (PSL)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, 030303 biophysics, Estrogen receptor, Context (language use), Optogenetics, Development, Ligand (biochemistry), 3. Good health, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Optical control, Gene expression, Protein activity, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cancer
Abstract: The use of light to control the expression of genes and the activity of proteins is a rapidly expanding field. While many of these approaches use a fusion between a light activatable protein and the protein of interest to control the activity of the latter, it is also possible to control the activity of a protein by uncaging a specific ligand. In that context, controlling the activation of a protein fused to the modified estrogen receptor (ERT) by uncaging its ligand cyclofen-OH has emerged as a generic and versatile method to control the activation of proteins quantitatively, quickly and locally in a live organism. Here, we present the experimental details behind this approach.
Published: 2019

49. Reduced-scale study of the coupling between thermal and wind effects on the ventilation systems of nuclear facilities

Author: François Demouge, Xavier Faure, Jérôme Richard, Thomas Le Dez, Christian Inard, Nicolas Le Roux, Laurent Ricciardi, PSN-RES/SCA, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur pour l'Environnement - UMR 7356 (LaSIE), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Scale (ratio), Nuclear engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear facilities, Coupling (physics), Control and Systems Engineering, 021105 building & construction, Thermal, Environmental science, 021108 energy, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: To study heat and mass transfers inside nuclear facilities equipped with ventilation systems, a methodology was developed to carry out reduced-scale experiments for studying flows induced by thermal and wind effects simultaneously. The methodology was numerically validated on simple configurations and applied to a reference configuration representative of nuclear facilities. The effects of wind and thermal phenomena on heat and mass transfers in various ventilation situations (normal ventilation or ventilation switched off) and scenarios of heat supply were studied in wind tunnel experiments. The thermal sources that could be generated by an industrial process were reproduced experimentally with a helium injection. The objectives of this article are to present the scaling-down methodology and the main experimental results concerning the influence of thermal effects on airflows in the reduced-scale model. The effects of heat with or without wind on loss of building containment were also highlighted and analysed. Finally, the reliability of SYLVIA simulation software, which was used to support safety assessments in nuclear facilities, was analysed using the experimental results. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Published: 2019

50. Estimating economic benefits of biological control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia by Ophraella communa in southeastern France

Author: Raphaëlle Mouttet, Urs Schaffner, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Michel Thibaudon, Benno A. Augustinus, Maira Bonini, Bruno Chauvel, Nicolas Desneux, Heinz Müller-Schärer, Emmanuel Gachet, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Unité entomologie et plantes invasives, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), CABI Europe Switzerland, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de santé des végétaux (LSV), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique (RNSA), CABI, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique [Brussieu, France] (RNSA), Laboratoire de la santé des végétaux (LSV), Unité entomologie et plantes invasives (LSV Montpellier), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de santé des végétaux (LSV Angers), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ragweed, Economics, Biological pest control, Introduced species, H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ophraella communa, Désherbage, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Pollen, medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, biology, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, Economic benefits, Lutte biologique, 010602 entomology, Compétition des mauvaises herbes, Geography, Agronomy, Health, Biological control, impact économique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Mauvaise herbe, Leaf beetle
Abstract: International audience; The North American common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, which produces highly allergenic pollen, is invasive in different parts of the world, including Europe. In 2013, common ragweed in northern Italy was found attacked by another accidentally introduced species, the North American leaf beetle Ophraella communa, which is used for biological control of common ragweed in China. Since the establishment of O. communa, ragweed pollen concentrations in northern Italy have significantly dropped. Here we set out to estimate the potential economic benefits of establishment of O. communa in the Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France, where detailed data on the economic impact of common ragweed are available. Extrapolating from the change in airborne ragweed pollen concentrations in the Milan area, we estimated that establishment of O. communa in the Rhône-Alpes region will reduce the number of days with ragweed pollen concentrations at which sensitive people express symptoms by 50% and the medical costs due to common ragweed by 5.2–6.8M € annually. Our findings suggest that investments of public funds are justified to conduct a complete assessment of the potential risks and benefits associated with the accidental establishment of O. communa in Europe.
Published: 2018

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