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3 results on '"Rosetta space mission"'

1. Gas chromatography for in situ analysis of a cometary nucleus V. Study of capillary columns' robustness submitted to long-term reduced environmental pressure conditions

Author

M. Jerome, S. Legrand, Uwe J. Meierhenrich, D. Coscia, François Raulin, R. Gomes, Fred Goesmann, Cyril Szopa, Robert Sternberg, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Chromatography, Gas, Chromatography, integumentary system, Capillary action, Chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Organic Chemistry, Comet, Rosetta space mission, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Interplanetary medium, Capillary GC columns, General Medicine, Biochemistry, Resistance to vacuum, Analytical Chemistry, Term (time), 13. Climate action, Robustness (computer science), Spare part, Pressure, Calibration, Space gas chromatography, Gas chromatography
Abstract

International audience; With the European Space Agency's Rosetta space mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, a gas chromatograph, part of the COmetary Sampling And Composition (COSAC) experiment, travelled for about 10 years in the interplanetary medium before operating at the surface of the cometary nucleus in November 2014. During its journey in space, the instrument was exposed to the constraining conditions of the interplanetary medium, including reduced environmental pressures. In order to estimate the potential influence of this severe condition on the chromatographic capillary columns, their stationary phase and the subsequent separation capability, a set of flight spare columns were kept under reduced environmental pressure in the laboratory for the same duration as the probe sent to the comet. The columns' analytical performances were evaluated recently and compared to the original ones obtained just before the launch of the Rosetta probe. The results presented here show that the chromatographic performances of the spare chromatographic columns were not altered in time. From this result, it can be expected that the flight instrument will perform nominally for the analysis of the first cometary nucleus sample to be collected ever, and that the preparation of the interpretation of the data to be taken at the cometary surface nucleus can be done through calibration of these spare columns, and other spare components of the instrument

Published
2014
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2. The water production rate of Rosetta target Comet 67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko near perihelion in 1996, 2002 and 2009 from Lyman α observations with SWAN/SOHO

Author

Jean-Loup Bertaux, M. R. Combi, Eric Quémerais, Walter Schmidt, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, and Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Comet, Rosetta Space mission, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, (67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko), Astrophysics, Monitoring program, Water production rate, Water production, Latitude, Activity, On board, Solar wind, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Comets, Interplanetary spaceflight, Production rate, Composition
Abstract

International audience; We report here the observations of the hydrogen cloud in Lyman alpha emission of comet 67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko at the last three passages through its perihelion, in 1996, 2002 and 2009. This comet became the target of ESA space mission Rosetta in 2003, and is therefore of particular interest. The data were collected with the SWAN instrument on board SOHO, the main mission of which is to record all-sky images of interplanetary neutral hydrogen, in order to monitor the solar wind latitude distribution. For the 2009 perihelion, a dedicated campaign was implemented and allowed to collect 26 smaller and more refined images around the position of the comet, from which a unique series of H2O production rates could be derived by comparison with a model, for the period from 2 to 50 days after perihelion. To our knowledge, these are the only determination of H2O production rate for 2009. In addition, we could retrieve the H emission at the two previous perihelia in 1996 and 2002, thanks to serendipitous observations of comets as part of the all-sky monitoring program: 4 and 10 respectively for 1996 and 2002. While the perihelion distance to sun decreased continuously (1.300, 1.292, 1.246 AU respectively for 1996, 2002, 2009), the average production Q(H2O) just after perihelion did not increase accordingly: 1.30×1028, 1.70×1028, and 5.65×1027 mol s−1. Comparison with 1982 IUE measurement of 6×1027 mol s-1 suggests no rapid aging of the comet, and we may expect a similar level of activity at next perihelion in August 2015. The production rate in 2009 showed a peak around 16.4 days post-perihelion, with a suggestion of a second peak at ~40 days, and a somewhat reduced rate in between (though SWAN measurements are incomplete). These measurements may help the planning of Rosetta activities around the next perihelion.

Published
2014
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3. Near-IR spectroscopy of asteroids 21 Lutetia, 89 Julia, 140 Siwa, 2181 Fogelin, and 5480 (1989YK8), potential targets for the Rosetta mission; remote observations campaign on IRTF

Author

Birlan, Mirel, Bus, Schelte J., Belskaya, Irina, Fornasier, Sonia, Barucci, Maria Antonietta, Binzel, Richard P., Vernazza, Pierre, Fulchignoni, Marcello, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomical Institute of Romanian Academy, Romanian Academy, Institute of Astronomy [Hilo], University of Hawai'i [Hilo], Astronomical Observatory of Kharkov University, Kharkov National University, Dipartimento di Astronomia [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Ingénieurs, Techniciens et Administratifs, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Hilo, and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], spectroscopy, Remote observation, Asteroid, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Rosetta space mission, 95.45.+i, 95.85.Jq, 96.30.Ys, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics
Abstract

In the frame of the international campaign to observe potential target asteroids for the Rosetta mission, remote observations have been carried out between Observatoire de Paris, in Meudon-France, and the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea. The SpeX instrument was used in the 0.8-2.5 microns spectral region, for two observing runs in March and June 2003. This paper presents near-IR spectra of the asteroids 21 Lutetia, 89 Julia, 140 Siwa, 2181 Fogelin, and 5480 (1989YK8). Near-IR spectra of the asteroids 21 Lutetia and 140 Siwa are flat and featureless. The spectrum of 89 Julia reveals absorption bands around 1 and 2 microns, which may indicate the presence of olivine and olivine-pyroxene mixtures and confirm the S-type designation. The small main-belt asteroids 2181 Fogelin and 5480 (1989YK8) are investigated spectroscopically for the first time. Near-IR spectra of these asteroids also show an absorption feature around 1 micron, which could be and indicator of igneous/metamorphic surface of the objects; new observations in visible as well as thermal albedo data are necessary to draw a reliable conclusion on the surface mineralogy of both asteroids., Sent: October 2003, Accepted: December, 2003

Published
2003
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