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2 results on '"Ni-YSZ cermet"'

1. A comparison between holographic and near-field ptychographic X-ray tomography for solid oxide cell materials

Author

F. Monaco, M. Hubert, J.C. Da Silva, V. Favre-Nicolin, D. Montinaro, P. Cloetens, J. Laurencin, ARC-Nucleart CEA Grenoble (NUCLEART), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Synchroton Radiation Facility [Grenoble] (ESRF), Matériaux, Rayonnements, Structure (NEEL - MRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and SOLIDpower S.p.A.

Subjects
X-ray ptychography, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Mechanical Engineering, microstructure, X-ray holography, Condensed Matter Physics, Ni-YSZ cermet, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell, Mechanics of Materials, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, nano-tomography, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Abstract

International audience; Holographic and near-field ptychographic X-ray computed tomography techniques have been compared by characterizing a typical solid oxide cell hydrogen electrode using a high-energy X-ray beam. The main advantages and drawbacks of both methods are discussed regarding the possibility to image the Ni-YSZ cermet, a complex porous electrode microstructure composed of X-ray absorbent materials. The same innovative sub-pixel alignment algorithm, based on tomographic consistency, was applied to align the different tomographic projections for each technique. It has been shown that a better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is obtained using nearfield ptychographic tomography, whereas holographic tomography can be faster with similar spatial resolution. Moreover, quantitative electron density maps have been obtained with the two techniques. The quality of the phase identification has also been assessed and compared in both cases using a classical grey-level class separability criterion. After the segmentation, a set of typical microstructural properties describing the electrode morphology was computed. The comparison of the results allowed validating the complementarity of the two Xray imaging techniques. Despite the more time-consuming data acquisition and processing than holographic tomography, near-field ptychographic tomography is especially well adapted to image samples without any insight on their composition or when the sample is highly absorbent. Yet, holographic X-ray tomography, using high-energy X-rays to reduce the sample absorption, remains a faster 3D imaging technique with spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity sufficient for the characterization of solid oxide cell materials.

Published
2022
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2. Carbon deposition in CH4/CO2 operated SOFC: Simulation and experimentation studies

Author

J. Laurencin, Florence Lefebvre-Joud, J. Fouletier, K. Girona, ENERGIE (ENERGIE), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces (LEPMI ), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, 020209 energy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Ternary plot, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Biogas, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Internal reforming of biogas, SOFC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Yttria-stabilized zirconia, Waste management, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Humidity, Cermet, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Durability, Ni-YSZ cermet, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Carbon deposition, 0210 nano-technology, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Carbon
Abstract

Due to their high operating temperatures, SOFCs can be directly fed with biogas, mainly composed of CH 4 and CO 2 . In this work, experiments was performed with a classical Ni-YSZ cermet//YSZ//LSM cell fed either with a synthetic simulated biogas (CH 4 /CO 2 ratio equal to 1 with 6% humidity), or with humidified H 2 . In both cases, the performances are found to be very similar, which confirms the ability of SOFCs to operate with internal reforming of biogas. Nevertheless, carbon formation in these operating conditions needs to be considered because of durability concerns. Thermodynamic calculations and modelling are carried out to evaluate the risk of carbon deposition depending on operating parameters. In the ternary diagram C H O, the limits for carbon deposition are plotted, allowing the determination of “safe” operating conditions in terms of CH 4 inlet flow rate and cell voltage. First experiments confirm these modelling results.

Published
2012
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