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1. Water Stress and Imperial Politics in the Southern Zagros Mountains: An Interdisciplinary Approach in Long-Term Perspective

Author

Ricci, Andrea, Balatti, Silvia, Brisset, Elodie, Djamali, Morteza, Naderi Beni, Abdolmajid, Azadi, Ahmad, Firoozbakhsh, Pejman, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reinhard Bernbeck, Gisela Eberhardt, and Susan Pollock

Subjects
Sasanian Empire, water resilience Zagros interdisciplinary Sasanian Empire, zagros, interdisciplinarity, water, interdisciplinary, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, resilience, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; This paper aims to investigate episodes of water stress and the human response to them in the Southern Zagros Mountains from a long-term perspective. The integrative analysis of data from different archives allows for identification of phases of drought in the region, especially starting from the Sasanian period onwards. This investigation also shows that specific imperial politics such as that of the Sasanian Kings Kawāḏ I and Ḵosrow I helped to ensure that agricultural communities and practices were sufficiently resilient to these changes. These politics were essentially based on tax reliefs for in-need farmers and state investments on the micro-level. However, pastoral and multi-resources lifestyles remained the ultimate resilience strategies in case of severe aridification.

Published
2023

2. Early Sasanian landscape modification: New geoarchaeological evidence from the Ardashir Pond in southwest Iran (Palace of Ardashir, third century CE)

Author

Andrew C. Parnell, Cyril Aubert, Alireza Askari-Chaverdi, François Demory, Abdolmajid Naderi-Beni, Nicolas Faucherre, Elodie Brisset, Elnaz Rashidian, Nick Marriner, Hamid Lahijani, Morteza Djamali, Emmanuel Gandouin, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology, Department of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Goethe University Frankfurt, History Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Archéologie Médiévale et Moderne en Méditerranée (LA3M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Marine Geology Department, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, Sasanian architecture, Wetland, human intervention, waterresource, Structural basin, landscape, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Sedimentary depositional environment, Late Antiquity, Geography, World heritage, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Period (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; The Sasanian period (224–651 CE) marked an era of large-scale urban projects in southwest Asia, including Iran's semi-arid highlands, with particular efforts to manipulate water bodies. This study presents a recent interdisciplinary investigation of a spring-fed pond at the entrance of the Palace of Ardashir (Firuzabad plain, southwest Iran), part of a recently registered World Heritage site. Historical accounts suggest that the entire water system of the plain, including the pond, underwent a hydraulic re-organization at the beginning of the Sasanian period, a fact that has never been investigated geoarchaeologically. A series of sediment cores were retrieved from the pond to probe its evolution and examine the extent of its landscape modification. The cores were sedimentologically described and radiocarbon-dated with age–depth models established based on 57 AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) 14C dates to understand the basin's depositional history. The results indicate that (i) Ardashir Pond has existed as part of a larger wetland complex since at least 4500 years ago, (ii) it was substantially enlarged at the beginning of the Sasanian era, and (iii) it was abandoned at the end of the Sasanian period. The Ardashir Pond is one of the first geoarchaeologically investigated case studies to demonstrate the Sasanian landscape in the framework of the “Iranshahr” sociopolitical concept.

Published
2021

3. Geoarchaeology as a tool to understand ancient navigation in the northern Persian Gulf and the harbour history of Siraf

Author

Mohammad Esmaeili Jelodar, Morteza Djamali, Majid Pourkerman, Nick Marriner, Giorgio Spada, Hamid Lahijani, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Matteo Vacchi, Christophe Morhange, Hossein Tofighian, Sedighe Amjadi, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, University of Tehran, Institute of Archaeology of Iran, Underwater Archaeology Department, Archaeology Research Centre, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF)94-44915French Embassy in Iran, Campus France (PHC GUNDISHAPUR)35630QHCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Iran's National Elite FoundationCenter of International Scientific Studies and Collaborations (CISSC), ANR-11-LABX-0061,OTMed,Objectif Terre : Bassin Méditerranéen(2011), Pourkerman, Majid, Marriner, Nick, Morhange, Christophe, Djamali, Morteza, Spada, Giorgio, Amjadi, Sedighe, Vacchi, Matteo, Lahijani, Hamid, Esmaeili Jelodar, Mohammad, Tofighian, Hossein, Naderi Beni, Abdolmajid, Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate, Urbino University 'Carlo Bo', Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, and Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Università di Pisa

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, Persian Gulf, Siraf, Coastal geography, Hiatus, Siraf, Geoarchaeology, Persian Gulf, Shamal winds, Coastal geomorphology, Relative sea level, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), 0601 history and archaeology, 14. Life underwater, Shamal, Geoarchaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, computer.programming_language, 060102 archaeology, 06 humanities and the arts, Demise, Archaeology, Coastal geomorphology, Coastal erosion, Geography, 13. Climate action, Relative sea level, Harbour, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Shamal winds, computer
Abstract

International audience; Historical texts and archaeological studies attest to the maritime and trade importance of the Persian Gulf since the Sassanid Empires. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of data regarding ancient navigation and the reasons for a shift in m aritim e trade from the western (e.g. Shatt-al-Arab) to eastern (Siraf) Persian Gulf by the Abbasid dynasty. For som e scholars, Siraf was occupied between 360 and 977 CE, after which tim e an earthquake en-trained the dem ise of the city. However, it is unclear when Siraf was founded and how natural navigation conditions changed for ocean-going vessels in harbours of the NW Persian Gulf. To address this knowledge gap, we here present new geoarchaeological data from Siraf. Two anthropogenic facies were detected in drilled cores. They suggest that Siraf dates back to 2 BC-317 CE. After a hiatus, a second occupation phase began during the reign of Shapur II. Relative Sea-Level (RSL) fluctuations, climate change and Persian Gulf bathymetry all affected the possible nautical accessibility of this ancient Persian harbour. A fall in RSL, leading to a shortening of navigable water columns and amplified summertime Shamal wind from 550 CE onwards possibly led to a loss in the im portance of Shatt-al-Arab and other ports in the western Persian Gulf. It appears to have m ade Siraf the best alternative for seafarers. According to the wind regimes, the best time for arrival and departure from Siraf was August and October, respectively. RSL rise and increasing coastal erosion during the winter-tim e Shamal winds led to the degradation of harbour potentialities and was possibly at the origin of econom ic decline and poorly adapted harbour works at Siraf during a 150-year period between 850 and 1000 CE.

Published
2020

4. Late Holocene relative sea‐level fluctuations and crustal mobility at Bataneh (Najirum) archaeological site, Persian Gulf, Iran

Author

Sedighe Amjadi, Mohammad Esmaeili Jelodar, Morteza Djamali, Christophe Morhange, Nick Marriner, Majid Pourkerman, Hossein Tofighian, Hamid Lahijani, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Matteo Vacchi, Giorgio Spada, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institute of Archaeology of Iran, Tehran, Center of International ScientificStudies and Collaborations (CISSC), the Iran National ScienceFoundation (INSF Grant Number: 94‐44915), the French Embassyin Iran, Campus France (PHC GUNDISHAPUR 2016–2017, ProjectNumber: 35630QH, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)Finanziamento delle At-tivita Base di RicercaCentre National de Recherche ScientifiqueLabex OT-MedFrench Embassy in Iran, Campus FranceIran National Science Foundation (INSF)International Scientific Studies and Collaborations, ANR-11-LABX-0061,OTMed,Objectif Terre : Bassin Méditerranéen(2011), Pourkerman, Majid, Marriner, Nick, Morhange, Christophe, Djamali, Morteza, Lahijani, Hamid, Amjadi, Sedighe, Vacchi, Matteo, Jelodar, Mohammad E., Spada, Giorgio, Tofighian, Hossein, Beni, Abdolmajid N., Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Department of Archaeology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna

Subjects
ancient harbour, crustal mobility, geoarchaology, Najirum, Persian Gulf, relative sea level, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Fluvial, 01 natural sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0601 history and archaeology, 14. Life underwater, ancient harbour, crustal mobility, geoarchaology, Najirum, Persian Gulf, relative sea level, Sea level, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, Flooding (psychology), Crust, 06 humanities and the arts, Diapir, Debris, Oceanography, Facies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Geology
Abstract

International audience; The impacts of relative sea‐level (RSL) variations and crust mobility on the development of ancient harbours in the northern Persian Gulf are poorly understood. Many unanswered questions remain with regard to the main reasons for a shift in the location of the most important ancient harbours in the northern part of the Persian Gulf coastal since 50 BC. Furthermore, some important early Islamic harbours, such as Siraf, have ancient city quarters that are today below the present sea level. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between halokinesis and RSL changes using geophysical models and multidisciplinary geoarchaeological methods at the ancient Sassanid–Islamic site of Bataneh (presently known as Najirum) located at the foothill of an active Darang salt diapir. The results reveal that after the mid‐Holocene highstand, RSL regression was not continuous. The studied facies have recorded three RSL oscillations. The oscillations are correlated with the eustatic sea‐level position. During the first lowstand, important Sassanid harbours shifted from Rishar to Apologus. The second lowstand is consistent with the transition of maritime trade from Apologus to Siraf, during the Abbasid dynasty. Uplift of the Bataneh coastal zone exposed the city to risks from flooding and fluvial debris flows. With a modification of the local watershed, runoff water originating from the salt anticlinal was controlled and used for the extraction of gypsum in evaporation ponds. The economic expansion of Siraf led to Bataneh being abandoned with a shift in trade to Kish Island

Published
2021

5. Geoarchaeology of the 18th century Qoroq shipwreck, Caspian Sea, Iran: A tale of sailing in a dynamic environment

Author

Morteza Djamali, Vali Jahani, Frédéric Guibal, Hamid Lahijani, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Hossein Tofighian, Timmy Gambin, Hamidreza Abaie, Keivan Kabiri, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT) (RICHT), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Classics and Archaeology, University of Malta, Guilan’s Ports and Maritime Administration, and Administration of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Guilan Province

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, High energy, History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Historical evidence, 01 natural sciences, Deposition (geology), law.invention, law, Sea-level change, 14. Life underwater, Radiocarbon dating, Geoarchaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shore, Shipwreck, geography.geographical_feature_category, Archaeology, Current (stream), Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Caspian Sea, Sediment, Tree species
Abstract

International audience; Despite frequent historical documents on shipping and trade routes in the Caspian Sea since early historical dates, the maritime archaeological evidence remains largely undiscovered. Exposing a shipwreck in southwest corner of the Caspian Sea at the shoreline of Qoroq village in Guilan Province of Iran provides an opportunity to study some frames of historical maritime activities in southern Caspian coasts. Sedimentological and geophysical, archaeological, and historical investigations were conducted to detect the age of the shipwreck, its probable origin and the impacts of environmental changes on preservation, exposing and damaging the ship. The results showed that the ship was broken down along its longitudinal axis and the remains were distributed along the shore where they are buried by coastal sediments. Pinus sylvestris is the tree species used in building the ship and the Caucasus Mountains was considered as a timber supply area. A combination of radiocarbon data and historical evidence showed that the ship's construction date is mostly back to mid-18th century. It seems that the ship sunk in a high energy environment. Deposition of various types of sediments inside and around of the shipwreck suggests that the ship was dragged from the high energy environment to the current location. The hydrodynamics of the coastal area along with rapid Caspian sea-level changes were mostly responsible for preservation as well as exposing the ship.

Published
2020

6. On the footsteps of Théodore Monod: biogeographical and ecological implications of an insect assemblage from the hottest spot on earth (in central Lut Desert, SE Iran)

Author

Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Hamid Lahijani, Philippe Magnien, Armand Matocq, Philippe Ponel, Manfred Jäch, Hamed Pourkhorsandi, Denis Keith, Morteza Djamali, Giuseppe Platia, Patrice Bordat, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), 495 route de Caussade, F-82300 Saint-Cirq, France, Naturhistorisches Museum -Wien, 120 rue Gabriel Péri, F-28000 Chartres, France, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Via Molino Vecchio 21/a, I-47043 Gatteo (FC), Italy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire G-Time, and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
Desert (philosophy), Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, General Medicine, Insect, 15. Life on land, Lut insect fauna, Geography, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Assemblage (archaeology), Earth (chemistry), Irano-Turanian, 14. Life underwater, aphytic, abiotic, Saharo-Sindian, Sciences exactes et naturelles, media_common
Abstract

We present the entomological results of a geological and biological exploration in the Lutdesert, performed in 2014 by the Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and AtmosphericSciences (INIOAS) and the University of Tehran. Five localities were sampled, including theone considered as the the hottest spot on Earth. They yielded 15 insect taxa belonging to Blat-todea, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, suggesting that in spite of being originally de-scribed as “abiotic” or “aphytic”, the Lut desert shelters a diverse insect fauna with someremarkable elements such as the endemic desert cockroache Leiopteroblatta monodi. Compar-ison with results obtained by Franco-Iranian expeditions in the sixties and seventies revealsseveral taxa in common, but also striking differences in the composition of the insect assem-blages, suggesting that the insect fauna in the Lut desert is potentially much more diverse thanpreviously expected., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2020

7. Unraveling extreme events from deep water cores of the south Caspian Sea

Author

Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, P. Habibi, Alina Tudryn, Majid Pourkerman, Mona Hosseindoust, Hamid Lahijani, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science(INIOAS), No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran, Iran, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extreme events, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deep water, Current (stream), Oceanography, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 14. Life underwater, Geology, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

International audience; South Caspian Sea sub-basin, as the deepest part of the Caspian Sea (CS) remained as land-locked basin even during extreme sea level fall that most part of the CS desiccated. Therefore, bottom sediments of the south CS continuously recorded many past intra-basinal and extra-basinal events. In the current research we have used four short cores (

Published
2019

8. Tracking shoreline erosion of 'at risk' coastal archaeology: the example of ancient Siraf (Iran, Persian Gulf)

Author

Sedighe Amjadi, Hamid Lahijani, Majid Pourkerman, Hossein Tofighian, Morteza Djamali, Christophe Morhange, Majid Shah-Hoesseini, Nick Marriner, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Matteo Vacchi, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, University of Exeter, Iranian Centre of Archaeological Science, Tehran, Iran, Kharazmi University [Tehran], ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Department of Geomorphology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-LABX-0061,OTMed,Objectif Terre : Bassin Méditerranéen(2011)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Persian Gulf, Geography, Planning and Development, Context (language use), Iran, 01 natural sciences, 11. Sustainability, Cultural heritage management, 0601 history and archaeology, Heritage management, 14. Life underwater, Transect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Shore, geography.geographical_feature_category, Protection, 060102 archaeology, Geography, Forestry, Global change, 06 humanities and the arts, Remote sensing, GIS, Archaeology, Coastal erosion, Cultural heritage, Coasts, 13. Climate action, Erosion, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Waterfront archaeology
Abstract

International audience; Successful heritage management requires a robust comprehension of the threats facing archaeological sites, at both current and future timescales. Siraf, on the Persian Gulf of Iran, is a site of national and international importance whose history stretches back to the Sassanid period (224-652 AD). In the present context of global change (drought and relative sea-level rise) and anthropogenic impacts (coastal artificialization and reduced sediment supply), the city's waterfront archaeology is undergoing significant erosion. Nonetheless, at present, the processes leading to the loss of Siraf's in situ archaeological remains are still poorly understood, including the rates, timing and drivers of coastal erosion. Here we use Landsat images to monitor shoreline changes along the Siraf coastline between 1973 and 2016. We spatially quantify the causes and impacts of surface changes along 244 transects. The results demonstrate that coastal erosion is responsible for widespread and archaeologically significant damage, with 48% of the studied transects showing erosion during the period 1973-2016. We elucidate significant temporal variations in the data and, most notably, demonstrate that continued drought since the early 2000s has impacted upon sediment supply to coastal areas, severely accentuating erosion. For instance, between 2003 and 2016, 70% of transects recorded shoreline retreat with worrying implications for the waterfront archaeology of Siraf. These quantitative results provide invaluable spatial information regarding the causes and impacts of erosion upon Siraf's waterfront heritage, in addition to furnishing a template for the protection of the city's internationally important cultural heritage.

Published
2018

9. Karstic spring wetlands of the Persepolis Basin, southwest Iran: unique sediment archives of Holocene environmental change and human impacts

Author

Naomi F. Miller, Cyril Aubert, Marjan Mashkour, Sonia Shidrang, Majid Pourkerman, Julien Longerey, Jean-Baptiste Rigot, Alain Thiéry, Nick Marriner, Abdolmajid Naderi-Beni, Javad Ashjari, Elodie Brisset, Emmanuel Gandouin, Elnaz Rashidian, Sébastien Gondet, Morteza Djamali, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abanrood Consulting Company, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (Penn Museum), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Institute of Archaeology, Department of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Goethe University Frankfurt, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Saeedi Institute for Advanced Studies, Kashan University, ANR-14-CE35-0026,PaleoPersepolis,The Persepolis Basin (SW Iran): a System Model to investigate Human-Climate-Ecosystem interactions during the Holocene(2014), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Environmental change, Wetland, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Persians, Spring (hydrology), Foothills, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, Persepolis Basin, Palustrine carbonate, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, 15. Life on land, Karst, 6. Clean water, Elamites, Wetland Archaelogy, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Anastomosing systems, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Palustrine carbonates are frequently found with active and dried karstic springs in the foothills of the mountains bordering the Persepolis Basin, southwest Iran. A combination of geological conditions favours their formation, including (i) the presence of karstic limestone aquifers in the limbs of anticlines cut through by fault systems; (ii) very gentle slopes from the spring resurgence point towards the centre of the alluvial plain, creating a flat waterlogged area; and (iii) a semiarid climate with marked precipitation seasonality or significant fluctuations in water discharge and wetland water table. We suggest the term "anastomosing wetlands" or "anastomosing palustrine environments" to denote the studied karstic spring-fed carbonate wetlands, because of similarities with anastomosing river systems in aerial view. The common presence of extended anasto-mosing wetland carbonates in the Persepolis Basin and adjacent basins in the central and southern Zagros suggests that they can play an important role in the geological records of collision-related basin-and-range settings dominated by karstic limestones. Karstic spring wetlands are a main source of fresh water hosting a rich biodiversity, which attracts human communities, whose impact is visible in the archaeological material imbedded in the wetland stratigraphy. Fresh water availability, through these spring wetlands, partly explains why the semiarid Persepolis region was selected by successive civilizations, from Elamites to Persians until early Islamic entities, to establish regional centres throughout the period from the third millennium B.C. to the first millennium A.D. Only a few of these ecosystems have survived the intensive human activities of recent decades.; Des carbonates palustres sont fréquemment associés à des sources karstiques actives et asséchées dans le contrefort des montagnes bordant le bassin de Persépolis, dans le sud-ouest de l'Iran. Une combinaison de conditions géologiques favorise leur formation, à savoir : i) la présence d'aquifères de calcaires karstiques dans les flans d'anticlinaux découpés par des systèmes de failles, ii) les pentes très douces des points de résurgence de sources vers le centre de la plaine alluviale, créant une zone plane saturée et iii) un climat semi-aride caractérisé par une saisonnalité marquée des précipitations ou d'importantes fluctuations de l'écoulement de l'eau et de la nappe phréatique dans les zones humides. Nous proposons le terme « zones humides anastomosées » ou « milieux palustres anastomosés » pour désigner les zones humides à carbonates karstiques alimentées par des sources en raison de similitudes qu'elles présentent en vue aérienne avec des réseaux hydrographiques anastomosés. La présence répandue de carbonates dans les zones humides anastomosées du bassin de Persépolis et des bassins voisins des parties centrales et sud des monts Zagros indiquerait qu'ils peuvent jouer un rôle important dans les profils géologiques des milieux de bassins et montagnes. Ces milieux sont associés à des collisions tectoniques dans lesquels prédominent des calcaires karstiques. Les zones humides karstiques alimentées par des sources constituent une source d'eau douce majeure abritant une grande diversité). biologique qui attire les collectivités humaines, dont l'impact est visible dans le matériel archéologique présent dans la stratigraphie des zones humides. La disponibilité d'eau douce qu'offrent ces zones humides alimentées par des sources explique en partie pourquoi la région semi-aride de Persépolis a été retenue par des civilisations successives, des Élamites aux Perses jusqu'aux premières entités islamiques, pour y établir des centres régionaux durant toute la période allant du 3 e millénaire avant notre ère au 1er millénaire de notre ère. Seuls quelques-uns de ces écosystèmes ont survécu à l'intense activité humaine des récentes décennies.

Published
2018

10. Early-Holocene greening of the Afro-Asian dust belt changed sources of mineral dust in West Asia

Author

Hamid Lahijani, Amy C. Clement, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Doriane Delanghe, Arash Sharifi, Lisa N. Murphy, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Ali Pourmand, Hesam Ahmady-Birgani, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Urmia University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Asian Dust, Atmospheric circulation, Northern Hemisphere, Last Glacial Maximum, 15. Life on land, Mineral dust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Period (geology), Younger Dryas, Physical geography, Holocene, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Production, transport and deposition of mineral dust have significant impacts on different components of the Earth systems through time and space. In modern times, dust plumes are associated with their source region(s) using satellite and land-based measurements and trajectory analysis of air masses through time. Reconstruction of past changes in the sources of mineral dust as related to changes in climate, however, must rely on the knowledge of the geochemical and mineralogical composition of modern and paleo-dust, and that of their potential source origins. In this contribution, we present a 13,000-yr record of variations in radiogenic Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes and Rare Earth Element (REE) anomalies as well as dust grain size from an ombrotrophic (rain fed) peat core in NW Iran as proxies of past changes in the sources of dust over the interior of West Asia. Our data shows that although the grain size of dust varies in a narrow range through the entire record, the geochemical fingerprint of dust particles deposited during the low-flux, early Holocene period (11,700–6,000 yr BP) is distinctly different from aerosols deposited during high dust flux periods of the Younger Dryas and the mid-late Holocene (6,000–present). Our findings indicate that the composition of mineral dust deposited at the study site changed as a function of prevailing atmospheric circulation regimes and land exposure throughout the last deglacial period and the Holocene. Simulations of atmospheric circulation over the region show the Northern Hemisphere Summer Westerly Jet was displaced poleward across the study area during the early Holocene when Northern Hemisphere insolation was higher due to the Earth's orbital configuration. This shift, coupled with lower dust emissions simulated based on greening of the Afro-Asian Dust Belt during the early Holocene likely led to potential sources in Central Asia dominating dust export to West Asia during this period. In contrast, the dominant western and southwest Asian and Eastern African sources have prevailed during the mid-Holocene to modern times.

Published
2018

11. Multi-proxy indicators in a Pontocaspian system: a depth transect of surface sediment in the SE Caspian Sea

Author

Mohammad Saeed Sanjani, Françoise Chalié, Hamid Lahijani, Paula J. Reimer, Keivan Kabiri, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, John Athersuch, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, P. Habibi, Safiyeh Haghani, Klaus Arpe, Gill Plunkett, Ulrich Struck, Frank P. Wesselingh, Institute for the Environment [Uxbridge], Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Multi-proxy, Proxy calibration, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], biota, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, sediment transport, Sedimentary depositional environment, surface sediment, law, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), multi-proxy, 14. Life underwater, Radiocarbon dating, Transect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shore, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ancient lake, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, proxy calibration, Sediment, Biota, 15. Life on land, Sediment transport, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Surface sediment, Caspian Sea, Tephrochronology, Geology
Abstract

The response of large water-bodies to global change in terms of ecosystem services and economical value is a major concern. The Caspian Sea, the world’s largest enclosed water-body, has a poorly-known water-level history, but observed changes are a hundred times faster than recent global sea-level rise. This ancient lake, characterised by brackish waters, is rich in endemic species; some of them have spread to similar environments worldwide. However, the ecology of Pontocaspian species remains poorly understood and must be studied in their original habitat.This work aims at improving the capacity to reconstruct Quaternary environments of the Pontocaspian region and to provide a benchmark for biodiversity turnover studies. A transect of surface sediment across a wide shelf was subjected to multidisciplinary analyses: stable isotopes, pollen, dinocysts, diatoms, foraminifers, ostracods and molluscs and vertical oceanographic profiles. Three depositional environments with characteristic communities were found: shore face, shelf and slope. Invasion impact was strongly felt by the molluscs. All biota groups, except diatoms, reflected high endemism. The radiocarbon reservoir effect is highlighted in differential 14C ages for different groups. Understanding such discrepancies require detailed insight into reworking processes. Tephra presence in the sediment shows a potential for tephrochronology. Stable isotope ratios in ostracods appear to reflect temperature depth gradients. Our results provide a baseline for calibrating proxy data to the present Pontocaspian environment.

Published
2018

12. Holocene palaeoclimate variability in south-western Asia highlighted by the Lake Maharlou sediments (Iran) and potential implications for human adaptive strategies

Author

Elodie Brisset, Morteza Djamali, Naderi Beni, A., Tachikawa Kazuyo, Borshneck, D., Mohsen Pourkermani, Edouard Bard, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Islamic Azad University, Brisset, Elodie, Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

13. Hydroclimatic changes in Iran, during the Lateglacial/Holocene transition, based on chironomid analysis: Comparison of records from Lake Neor (NW Iran) and Lake Arjan (SW Iran)

Author

Aubert, C, Djamali, M., Guibal, F., Lahijani, H., Naderi Beni, A., Beaulieu JL, de, Pourmand, A., Sharifi, A., Thiéry, A, Ponel, P., Gandouin, E., Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Division of Marine Geology & Geophysics, University of Miami, University of Miami [Coral Gables], Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

14. PALEOLIMNOLOGY OF LAKE HAMOUN (E IRAN): IMPLICATION FOR PAST CLIMATE CHANGES AND POSSIBLE IMPACTS ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

Author

Morteza Djamali, Reza Moussavi-Harami, Mohammad Ali Hamzeh, Mohammad H. Mahmudy-Gharaie, Hamid Alizadeh-Lahijani, Abdolmajid Naderi-Beni, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Marine Geology Department, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Hydrology, 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Drainage basin, Paleontology, Westerlies, Structural basin, 01 natural sciences, Paleolimnology, 13. Climate action, Deglaciation, Glacial period, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Quaternary, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Environmental changes since the late deglaciation are reconstructed from the sediment of Lake Hamoun. Lake Hamoun is located at the border of Iran and Afghanistan where inflowing rivers originate from the drainage basins of SW Hindu Kush Mountains and westernmost Himalaya. The lake has experienced a complex hydrological history during the late Quaternary due to climatic changes. Geochemical, sedimentological, and paleontological proxies as well as geomorphological data were used to investigate environmental changes of the lake. The results demonstrate that since the late glacial, the basin has directly and/or indirectly received its moisture from various climatic systems. During the early Holocene, both the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the mid-latitude westerlies (MLW) intensified and consequently the basin received higher precipitation. This interpretation is supported by higher content of total organic matter (mean: 8.2%), finer-grained sediments with low delta O-18 values (mean: -3.5%), as well as rich fossil content. Lower organic matter content (,\textless 5%), higher magnetic susceptibility values (5.8-10x10(-4) SI unit), and coarser-grained sediments with no shell fragments support the dominance of an arid environment during the early-mid Holocene. The results of stable isotopes suggest weakening of ISM and intensification of MLW during the mid-late Holocene in the study area, when Bronze Age civilizations emerged in the Sistan Basin. In the late Holocene, lake levels experienced more severe fluctuations due to variations in the MLW. Shifts in settlement areas seen in the archaeological record may thus have been a response to climatic changes.

Published
2016

15. Hydroclimatic changes in Talesh Mts, NW Iran, during the last 15,000 years, based on a chironomid analysis

Author

Aubert, Cyril, Djamali, Morteza, Guibal, Frédéric, Lahijani, Hamid, Naderi Beni, A., Beaulieu Jacques-Louis, De, Pourmand, A., Sharifi, A., Thiery, Alain, Ponel, Philippe, Gandouin, Emmanuel, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Division of Marine Geology & Geophysics, University of Miami, University of Miami [Coral Gables], and Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

16. Holocene hydrological changes in SE Iran, a key region between Indian Summer Monsoon and Mediterranean winter precipitation zones, as revealed from a lacustrine sequence from Lake Hamoun

Author

Mohammad Ali Hamzeh, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Mohammad Hosein Mahmudy Gharaie, Reza Moussavi Harami, Morteza Djamali, Hamid Lahijani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Plateau, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Intertropical Convergence Zone, Palaeostorms, Dry lake, Palaeoenvironment, Subtropics, 15. Life on land, Sedimentology, Monsoon, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Aeolian processes, Precipitation, Physical geography, Sistan, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Holocene, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

International audience; Core sediments from the dry lake bed of Hamoun were subdivided into 3 main sedimentary units using a multi-proxy approach (e.g. petrography, grain size analysis, total organic matter % and CaCO3% determination) to reconstruct the palaeoenvironment of the Sistan Basin (SE Iran) as a transition zone between the monsoon summer precipitation zone of south Asia and the Mediterranean winter precipitation zone of the Iranian plateau during the Holocene. Data revealed that during the late-glacial to early Holocene, the lake and its catchment area, western Hindu Kush, were under a more prominent influence of the Indian Ocean monsoon and formed a moist and productive environment with less wind action, as shown by the provenance of high organic matter lacustrine sediments together with the lack of an aeolian fraction. Due to southward migration of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone during the mid Holocene, arid climate manifested by an interplay of seasonal aeolian and fluvial deposition became dominant. These conditions were due to reinforcement of subtropical anticyclones on the Iranian plateau. The presence of green to brownish green moderate organic matter lacustrine sediments showed that during the late Holocene, Mediterranean-type winter precipitation dominated in the area. During the initial part of this period, the Shahr-iSukhteh civilization was close to the lake. The environment was relatively similar with that of today. Some palaeostorms can also be detected during this time interval, shown by occurrences of high aeolian inputs in the basin. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

17. New evidence for fish and mollusc exploitation on the northern shores of the Persian Gulf during the fourth millennium BCE

Author

Hossein Azizi Kharanaghi, Marjan Mashkour, Sanaz Beyzaei Doust, Sepideh Jamshidi Yeganeh, Afshin Akbari, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fereidoun Biglari, Jebrael Nokandeh, and Abdolmajid Naderi Beni and Ali Hozhabri (Eds.)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

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