1. On the stability of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices by IPCE and in-situ IPCE analyses - The ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration
- Author
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Uli Würfel, Mikkel Jørgensen, Laurence Lutsen, Dirk Vanderzande, Suren A. Gevorgyan, Birger Zimmermann, Eva Bundgaard, Matthew T. Lloyd, Kion Norrman, Henrik Friis Dam, Martin Hermenau, Frederik C. Krebs, Roland Rösch, David S. Germack, Birgitta Andreasen, Suleyman Kudret, Gerardo Teran-Escobar, Ronn Andriessen, Monica Lira-Cantu, Gülsah Y. Uzunoglu, Harald Hoppe, Morten Vesterager Madsen, Eszter Voroshazi, Yulia Galagan, Agnès Rivaton, Markus Hösel, Wouter Maes, David M. Tanenbaum, Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Agfa-Gevaert, Fischereiforschungsstelle des Landes, Photochimie, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Publica, Danish Council for Strategic Research, Danish National Research Foundation, European Commission, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), America Scandinavia Foundation, and Thuringian Ministry of Education, Science and Culture
- Subjects
In situ ,Materials science ,Hybrid-Solarzellen, Phthalocyanin, dünne Schichten, Zinkphthalocyanin, Oxid-Halbleiter, Feuchtigkeitssensor, Sauerstoff, Degradation, Zinkoxid, Nanoteilchen ,Organische Solarzellen ,General Physics and Astronomy ,HOL - Holst ,Nanotechnology ,High Tech Systems & Materials ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Farbstoff ,PEDOT:PSS ,law ,Solar cell ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,Electronics ,SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Solarzellen - Entwicklung und Charakterisierung ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,TS - Technical Sciences ,Industrial Innovation ,Moisture ,business.industry ,Photovoltaic system ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Alternative Photovoltaik-Technologien ,Mechatronics, Mechanics & Materials ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Solar Cells ,13. Climate action ,ddc:540 ,Farbstoff- und Organische Solarzellen ,Optoelectronics ,Degradation (geology) ,Organische und Neuartige Solarzellen ,Physical Chemistry ,Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics ,hybrid solar cells, phthalocyanine thin films, zinc phthalocyanine, semiconductor oxides, optical-properties, humidity sensors, oxygen, degradation, ZnO, zinc oxide, nanoparticles ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Stability - Abstract
This work is part of the inter-laboratory collaboration to study the stability of seven distinct sets of state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices prepared by leading research laboratories. All devices have been shipped to and degraded at RISO-DTU up to 1830 hours in accordance with established ISOS-3 protocols under defined illumination conditions. In this work, we apply the Incident Photon-to-Electron Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) and the in situ IPCE techniques to determine the relation between solar cell performance and solar cell stability. Different ageing conditions were considered: accelerated full sun simulation, low level indoor fluorescent lighting and dark storage. The devices were also monitored under conditions of ambient and inert (N 2) atmospheres, which allows for the identification of the solar cell materials more susceptible to degradation by ambient air (oxygen and moisture). The different OPVs configurations permitted the study of the intrinsic stability of the devices depending on: two different ITO-replacement alternatives, two different hole extraction layers (PEDOT:PSS and MoO 3), and two different P3HT-based polymers. The response of un-encapsulated devices to ambient atmosphere offered insight into the importance of moisture in solar cell performance. Our results demonstrate that the IPCE and the in situ IPCE techniques are valuable analytical methods to understand device degradation and solar cell lifetime. © 2012 the Owner Societies., This work has been supported by the Danish Strategic Research Council (2104-07-0022), EUDP (j.no. 64009-0050), and the Danish National Research Foundation. Partial financial support was also received from the European Commission as part of the Framework 7 ICT 2009 collaborative project HIFLEX (grant no. 248678), partial financial support from the EUIndian framework of the ‘‘Largecells’’ project that received funding from the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013. grant no. 261936), partial financial support was also received from the European Commission as part of the Framework 7 ICT 2009 collaborative project ROTROT (grant no. 288565) and from PVERA-NET (project acronym POLYSTAR). To CONACYT (México) for the Ph.D. scholarship awarded to G. T.-E, to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN-FEDER project ENE2008-04373, to the Consolider NANOSELECT project CSD2007-00041, to the Xarxa de Referència en Materials Avançats per a l’Energia, XaRMAE of the Catalonia Government (Spain). RR and HH are grateful for financial support from the Thuringian Ministry of Culture and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research in the frameworks of FIPV II and PPP (contract number 13N9843), respectively. DMT acknowledges generous support from the Inger and Jens Bruun Foundation through The American–Scandinavian Foundation.
- Published
- 2012
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