1. Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
- Author
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Damien Davenne, Nathalie Chastan, Leslie M. Decker, Fabien Cignetti, Maroua Belghali, Mobilités : Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé (COMETE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de neurophysiologie [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and SOREL, EVE
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0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Parkinson's disease ,Exacerbation ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Walking ,Review Article ,Disease ,Behavioral neuroscience ,Risk Assessment ,Basal Ganglia ,[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gait (human) ,Clinical phase ,Alzheimer Disease ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Executive function ,Task Performance and Analysis ,Basal ganglia ,Gait control ,medicine ,Humans ,Attention ,Gait ,Postural Balance ,Gait Disorders, Neurologic ,Prodromal phase ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Neurodegeneration ,Parkinson Disease ,medicine.disease ,Dual-task ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Prediagnostic phase ,Memory, Short-Term ,030104 developmental biology ,Parkinson’s disease ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,Alzheimer’s disease ,Psychomotor Performance ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
International audience; Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are age-related progressive neurodegenerative diseases of increasing prevalence worldwide. In the absence of curative therapy, current research is interested in prevention, by identifying subtle signs of early-stage neurodegeneration. Today, the field of behavioral neuroscience has emerged as one of the most promising areas of research on this topic. Recently, it has been shown that the exacerbation of gait disorders under dual-task conditions (i.e., simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor tasks) could be a characteristic feature of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm during walking allows to assess whether (i) executive attention is abnormally impaired in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease or (ii) compensation strategies are used in order to preserve gait function when the basal ganglia system is altered in prodromal Parkinson’s disease. This review aims at (i) identifying patterns of dual-task-related gait changes that are specific to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, respectively, (ii) demonstrating that these changes could potentially be used as prediagnostic markers for disease onset, (iii) reviewing pros and cons of existing dual-task studies, and (iv) proposing future directions for clinical research.
- Published
- 2017
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