1. The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
- Author
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Robert Andritschke, Christian Schmid, Joern Wilms, T. Mernik, Josef Eder, C. Tenzer, Mara Salvato, Lothar Strüder, Lars Tiedemann, Michael Freyberg, V. Arefiev, E. Churazov, V. Babyshkin, Esra Bulbul, Benjamin Mican, H. Scheuerle, Axel Schwope, Hermann Brunner, D. Coutinho, Georg Lamer, Jan Robrade, Miriam E. Ramos-Ceja, Heinrich Bräuninger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Kirpal Nandra, Peter Friedrich, Marcella Brusa, Tanja Eraerds, Joachim Trümper, I. Lomakin, I. Lapshov, Antonis Georgakakis, Joseph J. Mohr, W. Kink, A. Gueguen, Thomas H. Reiprich, Vadim Burwitz, Daniel Pietschner, Frank Haberl, N. Clerc, Jonas Reiffers, Ian M. Stewart, O. Batanov, Chandreyee Maitra, Katharina Borm, M. Buntov, V. Nazarov, Th. Boller, Alexis Finoguenov, Sebastian Müller, Emanuele Perinati, Matthias Steinmetz, A. Shirshakov, S. Friedrich, Valeri Yaroshenko, F. Korotkov, Peter Predehl, Andreas von Kienlin, P. Weber, Valentin Emberger, M. N. Pavlinsky, Florian Pacaud, W. Bornemann, Thomas Dauser, Marcus Brüggen, Norbert Meidinger, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, A. V. Bogomolov, O. Hälker, P. Gureev, B. Menz, Wolfgang Burkert, Jeremy S. Sanders, Werner Becker, Andrea Merloni, Rashid Sunyaev, Long Ji, V. Voron, S. Granato, Maria Fürmetz, Manami Sasaki, Andrea Santangelo, Hans Böhringer, Guenther Hasinger, Arne Rau, Victor Doroshenko, H. Huber, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Tie Liu, Marat Gilfanov, Christoph Grossberger, Jürgen H. M. M. Schmitt, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Predehl P., Andritschke R., Arefiev V., Babyshkin V., Batanov O., Becker W., Boehringer H., Bogomolov A., Boller T., Borm K., Bornemann W., Br'auninger H., Br'uggen M., Brunner H., Brusa M., Bulbul E., Buntov M., Burwitz V., Burkert W., Clerc N., Churazov E., Coutinho D., Dauser T., Dennerl K., Doroshenko V., Eder J., Emberger V., Eraerds T., Finoguenov A., Freyberg M., Friedrich P., Friedrich S., Fuermetz M., Georgakakis A., Gilfanov M., Granato S., Grossberger C., Gueguen A., Gureev P., Haberl F., Haelker O., Hartner G., Hasinger G., Huber H., Ji L., Kienlin A., v., Kink W., Korotkov F., Kreykenbohm I., Lamer G., Lomakin I., Lapshov I., Liu T., Maitra C., Meidinger N., Menz B., Merloni A., Mernik T., Mican B., Mohr J., M'uller S., Nandra K., Nazarov V., Pacaud F., Pavlinsky M., Perinati E., Pfeffermann E., Pietschner D., Ramos-Ceja M.,~E., Rau A., Reiffers J., Reiprich T.,~H., Robrade J., Salvato M., Sanders J., Santangelo A., Sasaki M., Scheuerle H., Schmid C., Schmitt J., Schwope A., Shirshakov A., Steinmetz M., Stewart I., Strueder L., Sunyaev R., Tenzer C., Tiedemann L., Truemper J., Voron V., Weber P., Wilms J., Yaroshenko V., Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
X-rays general ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,X-ray telescope ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Surveys ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,law.invention ,Telescope ,space vehicles: instruments, X-rays: general, surveys, dark energy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,ROSAT ,Dark energy ,Space vehicles instruments ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,media_common ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,Supermassive black hole ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Celestial sphere ,Galaxy ,Redshift ,Space and Planetary Science ,Sky ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the primary instrument on the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission, which was successfully launched on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonour cosmodrome. After the commissioning of the instrument and a subsequent calibration and performance verification phase, eROSITA started a survey of the entire sky on December 13, 2019. By the end of 2023, eight complete scans of the celestial sphere will have been performed, each lasting six months. At the end of this program, the eROSITA all-sky survey in the soft X-ray band (0.2--2.3\,keV) will be about 25 times more sensitive than the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, while in the hard band (2.3--8\,keV) it will provide the first ever true imaging survey of the sky. The eROSITA design driving science is the detection of large samples of galaxy clusters up to redshifts $z>1$ in order to study the large-scale structure of the universe and test cosmological models including Dark Energy. In addition, eROSITA is expected to yield a sample of a few million AGNs, including obscured objects, revolutionizing our view of the evolution of supermassive black holes. The survey will also provide new insights into a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, including X-ray binaries, active stars, and diffuse emission within the Galaxy. Results from early observations, some of which are presented here, confirm that the performance of the instrument is able to fulfil its scientific promise. With this paper, we aim to give a concise description of the instrument, its performance as measured on ground, its operation in space, and also the first results from in-orbit measurements., 16 pages, 19 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
- Published
- 2021
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