1. Preservation of Person-Specific Semantic Knowledge in Semantic Dementia: Does Direct Personal Experience Have a Specific Role?
- Author
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Julie Anne Péron, Pascale ePiolino, Sandrine eLe Moal-Boursiquot, Isabelle eBiseul, Emmanuelle eLeray, Laetitia eBon, Béatrice eDesgranges, Francis eEustache, Serge eBelliard, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine (NIMH), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Service de neurochirurgie [Rennes] = Neurosurgery [Rennes], Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition (LMC2 - EA 7536), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychologie cognitive et neuroanatomie fonctionnelles de la mémoire humaine, Service de Neurologie [CHU Rennes], Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Department of Epidemiology, EHESP Rennes, Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR)
- Subjects
Personally familiar names ,Exploratory research ,Semantic dementia ,personal experience ,Self ,famous names ,050105 experimental psychology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,self ,ddc:150 ,medicine ,Semantic memory ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Relevance (information retrieval) ,Personal experience ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Original Research ,[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Recall ,Autobiographical memory ,semantic memory ,05 social sciences ,autobiographical memory ,Famous names ,[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,medicine.disease ,personally familiar names ,ddc:128.37 ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Neurology ,semantic dementia ,Direct experience ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience ,Cognitive psychology ,Meaning (linguistics) - Abstract
International audience; Semantic dementia patients seem to have better knowledge of information linked to the self. More specifically, despite having severe semantic impairment, these patients show that they have more general information about the people they know personally by direct experience than they do about other individuals they know indirectly. However, the role of direct personal experience remains debated because of confounding factors such as frequency, recency of exposure, and affective relevance. We performed an exploratory study comparing the performance of five semantic dementia patients with that of 10 matched healthy controls on the recognition (familiarity judgment) and identification (biographic information recall) of personally familiar names vs. famous names. As expected, intergroup comparisons indicated a semantic breakdown in semantic dementia patients as compared with healthy controls. Moreover, unlike healthy controls, the semantic dementia patients recognized and identified personally familiar names better than they did famous names. This pattern of results suggests that direct personal experience indeed plays a specific role in the relative preservation of person-specific semantic meaning in semantic dementia. We discuss the role of direct personal experience on the preservation of semantic knowledge and the potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these processes
- Published
- 2015
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