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1. Local sea level trends, accelerations and uncertainties over 1993–2019

Author

Aurélien Ribes, Giorgio Spada, Pierre Prandi, Benoit Meyssignac, Jérôme Benveniste, Michael Ablain, Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Prandi, Pierre, Meyssignac, Benoit, Ablain, Michaël, Spada, Giorgio, Ribes, Aurélien, and Benveniste, Jérôme

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, SURFACE, Calibration (statistics), IMPACT, Science, Climate science, Library and Information Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Education, JASON-1, Range (statistics), 14. Life underwater, Sensitivity (control systems), Sea level, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, ERROR, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, PATH DELAYS, CALIBRATION, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, TOPEX/POSEIDON, 010505 oceanography, Physical oceanography, Natural hazards, Ranging, RECORD, SATELLITE ALTIMETRY, Confidence interval, Computer Science Applications, MODEL, 13. Climate action, Satellite altimetry, Environmental science, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Climate-change impacts, Information Systems
Abstract

Satellite altimetry missions provide a quasi-global synoptic view of sea level variations over more than 25 years and provide regional sea level (SL) indicators such as trends and accelerations. Estimating realistic uncertainties on these quantities is crucial to address current climate science questions. While uncertainty estimates are available for the global mean sea level (GMSL), information is not available at local scales so far. We estimate a local satellite altimetry error budget and use it to derive local error variance-covariance matrices, and estimate confidence intervals on trends and accelerations at the 90% confidence level. Over 1993–2019, we find that the average local sea level trend uncertainty is 0.83 mm.yr−1 with values ranging from 0.78 to 1.22 mm.yr−1. For accelerations, uncertainties range from 0.057 to 0.12 mm.yr−1, with a mean value of 0.062. We also perform a sensitivity study to investigate a range of plausible error budgets. Local error levels, error variance-covariance matrices, SL trends and accelerations, along with corresponding uncertainties are provided., Measurement(s) sea surface height Technology Type(s) satellite radar altimetry Factor Type(s) year of data collection Sample Characteristic - Environment sea • ocean Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13297757

Published
2021
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2. The X-TRACK/ALES multi-mission processing system: New advances in altimetry towards the coast

Author

Florence Birol, Christian Schwatke, Anny Cazenave, Marcello Passaro, Francisco M. Calafat, Fernando Niño, Andy Shaw, Fabien Léger, Yvan Gouzenes, Jean-François Legeais, Jérôme Benveniste, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ocean current, Coastal ocean, Aerospace Engineering, Climate change, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Track (rail transport), 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Mediterranean sea, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Climatology, 0103 physical sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tide gauge, Satellite altimetry, Sea level, Altimeter, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; In the context of the ESA Climate Change Initiative project, a new coastal sea level altimetry product has been developed in order to support advances in coastal sea level variability studies. Measurements from Jason-1,2&3 missions have been retracked with the Adaptive Leading Edge Subwaveform (ALES) Retracker and then ingested in the X-TRACK software with the best possible set of altimetry corrections. These two coastal altimetry processing approaches, previously successfully validated and applied to coastal sea level research, are combined here for the first time in order to derive a 16-year-long (June 2002 to May 2018), high-resolution (20-Hz), along-track sea level dataset in six regions: Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, West Africa, North Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia and Australia. The study demonstrates that this new coastal sea level product called X-TRACK/ALES is able to extend the spatial coverage of sea level altimetry data ~3.5 km in the land direction, when compared to the X-TRACK 1-Hz dataset. We also observe a large improvement in coastal sea level data availability from Jason-1 to Jason-3, with data at 3.6 km, 1.9 km and 0.9 km to the coast on average, for Jason-1, Jason-2 and Jason-3, respectively. When combining measurements from Jason-1 to Jason-3, we reach a distance of 1.2-4 km to the coast. When compared to tide gauge data, the accuracy of the new altimetry near-shore sea level estimations also improves. In terms of correlations with a large set of independent tide gauge observations selected in the six regions, we obtain an average value of 0.77. We also show that it is now possible to derive from the X-TRACK/ALES product an estimation of the ocean current variability up to 5 km to the coast. This new altimetry dataset, freely available, will provide a valuable contribution of altimetry in coastal marine research community.

Published
2021
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3. Toward improved sea ice freeboard observation with SAR altimetry using the physical retracker SAMOSA+

Author

Antoine Laforge, Jonas Verley, Florent Garnier, Jerome Bouffard, Sara Fleury, Salvatore Dinardo, Frédérique Rémy, Jérôme Benveniste, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
SAMOSA+, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aerospace Engineering, 01 natural sciences, Window function, law.invention, Delay-Doppler Altimetry, TFMRA, Arctic, law, 0103 physical sciences, Sea ice, Altimeter, Radar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sea ice freeboard, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Freeboard, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Filter (signal processing), Hamming, Geophysics, Zero-padding, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Satellite, Hamming code
Abstract

International audience; Since 2010, the CryoSat-2 satellite mission has enabled to largely improve sea ice freeboard estimations. But due to the complexity of radar echoes over sea ice, freeboard retrieval from altimetry still presents some errors and biases that further limit the potential of these observations for climate studies or for assimilation into models. Various methods have been explored, producing a large range of freeboard estimations. In this study, we analyze the main steps of the radar freeboard computation developed as part of the Cryo-SeaNice Project. The objective is to quantify the impacts of each processing method and to identify optimal strategies to improve freeboard estimations from SAR altimetry measurements. We consider two SAR processing options: the Hamming Window (HW) and with the Zero-Padding (ZP), and 2 retrackers: the Threshold First Maximum Retracker Algorithm (TFMRA) based on heuristic measurements and SAMOSA+ a retracker declined from model based analysis of the surface back-scatter. Four freeboard solutions are generated from combinations of the 2 processing options (HW and ZP or ZP only) and the 2 types of retrackers. In addition, an alternative to the Hamming Window method to filter out side-lobes errors is presented. The impacts of the different approaches to estimate freeboard are quantified from comparisons with Operation Ice Bridge (OIB) and the Beaufort Gyre Exploration project (BGEP) in situ data. Our results show that SAMOSA+ provides more precise freeboard estimations. This new time-series is available on CTOH website. We also identified some impacts of the Hamming Window for both retrackers. Finally, we present the potential of using the simpler threshold retracker but with a correction to account for the surface roughness that is calibrated against SAMOSA+.

Published
2021
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4. Earth Observations for Monitoring Marine Coastal Hazards and Their Drivers

Author

G. Le Cozannet, A. Melet, Alessandra Conversi, Jérôme Benveniste, Cédric Jamet, Rafael Almar, Pietro Teatini, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program [Princeton] (AOS Program), NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-Princeton University, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), ESRIN ESA FRASCATI ITA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Marine conservation, Earth observation, Metocean, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Monitoring, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Coastal zone, 01 natural sciences, Marine pollution, Geochemistry and Petrology, Flooding, Bathymetry, 14. Life underwater, Hazards, Water quality, Coastal flood, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shore, geography, Coastal hazards, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental science, business
Abstract

Coastal zones have large social, economic and environmental values. They are more densely populated than the hinterland and concentrate large economic assets, critical infrastructures and human activities such as tourism, fisheries, navigation. Furthermore, coastal oceans are home to a wealth of living marine resources and very productive ecosystems. Yet, coastal zones are exposed to various natural and anthropogenic hazards. To reduce the risks associated with marine hazards, sustained coastal zone monitoring programs, forecasting and early warning systems are increasingly needed. Earth observations (EO), and in particular satellite remote sensing, provide invaluable information: satellite-borne sensors allow an effective monitoring of the quasi-global ocean, with synoptic views of large areas, good spatial and temporal resolution, and sustained time-series covering several years to decades. However, satellite observations do not always meet the precision required by users, in particular in dynamic coastal zones, characterized by shorter-scale variability. A variety of sensors are used to directly monitor the coastal zone and their observations can also be integrated into numerical models to provide a full 4D monitoring of the ocean and forecasts. Here, we review how EO, and more particularly satellite observations, can monitor coastal hazards and their drivers. These include coastal flooding, shoreline changes, maritime security, marine pollution, water quality, and marine ecology shifts on the one hand, and several physical characteristics (bathymetry, topography, vertical land motion) of coastal zones, meteorological and oceanic (metocean) variables that can act as forcing factors for coastal hazards on the other hand.

Published
2020
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5. Monitoring the evolution of coastal zones under various forcing factors using space-based observing systems

Author

Anny Cazenave, Jérôme Benveniste, Nicolas Champollion, Gonéri Le Cozannet, Philip Woodworth, Michael Ablain, Melanie Becker, Silvia Ciccarelli, Svetlana Jevrejeva, Nicoletta Leornardi, Hubert Loisel, Nathalie Long, Philippe Maisongrande, Cyril Mallet, Marta Marcos, Melisa Menéndez, Benoît Meyssignac, Andrew Plater, Daniel Raucoules, Andrea Taramelli, Stefano Vignudelli, Emiliana Valentini, Guy Wöppelmann, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), University of Liverpool, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), University Santander, JRC Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen [Ispra] (IPSC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)

Subjects
coastal zones remote sensing, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; About 10% of the global population is currently livingalong the coasts. In many regions, populations are exposed to a variety of natural hazards (e.g., extreme weather such as damaging cyclones and their associated storm surges), as well as to the effects of global climate change (e.g., sea level rise), and to the impacts of human activities (e.g., urbanization). Today, our knowledge regarding these processes still remains limited by the lack of observations. For example, the proportion of the world's shorelines currently affected by erosion still remains uncertain. This lack of information not only prevents us from addressing important scientific questions, but it has also practical implications for coastal managers in charge of managing coastal risks and adapting to climate change. In this poster, we present the outcome of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Forum on " Monitoring the evolution of coastal zones under various forcing factors using space-based observing systems " (http://www.issibern.ch/forum/costzoneevo/) held at ISSI, Bern, Switzerland on 11-12 October 2016. This poster first reviews the scientific questions with high societal significance, where improved remote sensing observations are needed: this includes (1) separating the contributions of climate-induced sea-level changes and vertical ground motions (uplift and subsidence) in relative (coastal) sea-level changes; (2) understanding the roles, for each different coastal geomorphological setting, of human interventions, extreme events, seasonal interannual and multidecadal variability and trends in driving coastal evolution. In a second step, we review theobservations currently available or needed to address these questions. Overall, we show that since the publication of the latest IGOS report on coastal zone observational requirements (2006), the availability of high resolution topographic data, hydrometeorological reanalysis (e.g., wind, waves, pressures) and historical surge databases have greatly improved the ability to understand and model coastal flooding. In addition, there is a continued need for tide gauges collocated with GNSS and other geodetic data. However, research is needed in many other topics such as the retrieval of changing topographic and bathymetric features at the required accuracy and frequency, and in processing radar altimetry measurements in the coastal ocean. Concerning ocean color, global analyses are expected to provide useful information (e.g. on suspended materials). Besides the improvements of the current observing infrastructure, there is a need of strengthening the exchanges between different scientists and stakeholders concerned with coastal risks and climate change. Today, information on the evolution of coastal zones is managed at local to regional scales by coastal observatories. These entitieslinkscienceinformation to operational observations (including space-based)and coastal stakeholders. We argue that establishing links between global providers of Earth Observation data (such as space agencies), and the emerging networks of coastal observatories, can be beneficial to both coastal science and the management of coastal risks.

Published
2017

6. Space Techniques Used to Measure Change in Terrestrial Waters

Author

Hervé Douville, Pascal Kosuth, Alexandre-Brice Cazenave, Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Jérôme Benveniste, P. C. D. Milly, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PRINCETON USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESA ERSIN FRASCATI ITA, Structures et Systèmes Spatiaux (UMR 3S), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON USA, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Origin of water on Earth, Earth science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Aquifer, Glacier, Wetland, 02 engineering and technology, 15. Life on land, Snowpack, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, Water resources, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Soil water, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Surface runoff, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

[Departement_IRSTEA]DS [TR1_IRSTEA]METHODO / SYNERGIE; International audience; Terrestrial waters-including snowpack, glaciers, water in aquifers and other geological formations, water in the plant root zone, rivers, lakes, man-made reservoirs, wetlands, and inundated areas-represent less than a mere 1% of the total amount of water on Earth. However, they have a crucial impact on terrestrial life and human needs and play a major role in climate variability. Land waters are continuously exchanged with the atmosphere and oceans in vertical and horizontal mass fluxes through evaporation, transpiration, and surface and subsurface runoff. Although it is now recognized that improved description of the terrestrial branch of the global water cycle is of major importance for climate research and for inventory and management of water resources, the global distribution and spatial-temporal variations of terrestrial waters are still poorly known because routine in situ observations are not available globally. So far, global estimates of spatial-temporal change of land water stored in soils and in the snowpack essentially rely on hydrological models, either coupled with atmosphere/ocean global circulation models and/or forced by observations.

Published
2004

7. Post-processing Altimeter Data Towards Coastal Applications and Integration into Coastal Models

Author

Julien Lamouroux, Florence Birol, Patrick Marsaleix, P. De Mey, L. Roblou, M. Le Hénaff, A. Lombard, Florent Lyard, Jerome Bouffard, Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Stefano Vignudelli, Andrey G. Kostianoy, Paolo Cipollini, Jérôme Benveniste, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), S. Vignudelli, A. Kostianoy, P. Cipollini et J. Benveniste, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), NOVELTIS [Sté], Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Synergy with coastal models, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Coastal altimetry, Operational oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Satellite altimeter, law.invention, law, Coastal altimetry Data correction retrieval Data editing Post-processing Regional de-aliasing Synergy with coastal models, 14. Life underwater, Altimeter, Data correction retrieval, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sea level, Regional de-aliasing, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Radiometer, 010505 oceanography, Continental shelf, Flagging, Post-processing, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Radar altimeter, Data editing, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; Altimetry missions in the last 16 years (TOPEX/Poseidon, ERS-1/2, GFO, Jason-1 and ENVISAT) and the recently-launched Jason-2 mission have resulted in great advances in deep ocean research and operational oceanography. However, oceanographic applications using satellite altimeter data have become very challenging over regions extending from near-shore to the continental shelf and slope (Cipollini et al. 2008). In these regions, intrinsic difficulties in the corrections (e.g., the high frequency ocean response to tidal and atmospheric loading, the mean sea level, etc.) and issues of land contamination in the radar altimeter and radiometer footprints result in systematic flagging and rejection of these data. Forthcoming altimeter missions (SARAL/AltiKa, SWOT, Sentinel-3, etc.) are designed to be better-suited for use in the coastal ocean. However, a number of studies have dealt with the problem of re-analysing, improving and exploiting the existing archive to monitor coastal dynamics. The early encouraging results (Vignudelli et al. 2005; Bouffard et al. 2008, Birol et al. submitted J Mar Syst 2009) support the need for continued research in coastal altimetry, with the opportunity of providing input and recommendations for future missions. This chapter reviews the current status of the X-TRACK processing application (Roblou et al. 2007), whose objectives are to improve both the quantity and quality of altimeter sea surface height (SSH) estimates in coastal regions by reprocessing a posteriori (the standard Geophysical Data Records) (GDR) as delivered by operational centres, i.e. by improving the post-processing stage. Latest improvements on along-track spatial resolution (high rate data streams and removal of large-scale errors) that promise improved monitoring of coastal dynamics are also detailed. In addition, with a view to integrating coastal-oriented altimeter datasets into models for coastal ocean state analysis, methodologies for matching models with observations are discussed.

Published
2011
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