1. Exploring the Use of Sensorial LTP/LTD-Like Stimulation to Modulate Human Performance for Complex Visual Stimuli
- Author
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Felipe Pegado, Hans Op de Beeck, Jean Steyaert, Bart Boets, Hendrik Vankrunkelsven, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), AMPIRIC - Pôle pilote de formation des enseignants et de recherche pour l'éducation, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Herzog, Michael H
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Visual perception ,Time Factors ,genetic structures ,Photic Stimulation ,Vision ,Physiology ,Long-Term Potentiation ,lcsh:Medicine ,Social Sciences ,Stimulation ,Visual processing ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cognition ,Learning and Memory ,Human Performance ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,lcsh:Science ,Long-Term Synaptic Depression ,Multidisciplinary ,Sensory stimulation therapy ,Brain ,Electrophysiology ,Female ,Sensory Perception ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Neurophysiology ,Face Recognition ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Human Learning ,Memory ,Biological neural network ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,Learning ,Behavior ,lcsh:R ,Cognitive Psychology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Cognitive Science ,lcsh:Q ,Perception ,Visual learning ,Neuroscience ,Head ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Psychomotor Performance - Abstract
Is it possible to passively induce visual learning/unlearning in humans for complex stimuli such as faces? We addressed this question in a series of behavioral studies using passive visual stimulation (flickering of faces at specific temporal frequencies) inspired by well-known synaptic mechanisms of learning: long-term potentiation (LTP) vs long-term depression (LTD). We administered a face identity change detection task before and after a passive stimulation protocol to test for potential changes in visual performance. First, with bilateral stimulation, subjects undergoing high-frequency LTP-like stimulation outperformed those submitted to low-frequency LTD-like stimulation despite equivalent baseline performance (exp. 1). Second, unilateral stimulation replicated the differential modulation of performance, but in a hemifield-specific way (exp. 2). Third, for both stimulation groups, a sudden temporary drop in performance on the stimulated side immediately after the stimulation, followed by progressive recovering, can suggest either 'visual fatigue' or 'face adaptation' effects due to the stimulation. Fourth, we tested the life-time of these modulatory effects, revealing they vanish after one hour delay (exp. 3). Fifth, a control study (exp. 4) using low-level visual stimuli also failed to show longer-term effects of sensory stimulation, despite reports of strong effects in the literature. Future studies should determine the necessary and sufficient conditions enabling robust long-term modulation of visual performance using this technique. This step is required to consider further use in fundamental research (e.g., to study neural circuits involved in selective visual processing) and potential educational or clinical applications (e.g., inhibiting socially-irrelevant aspects of face processing in autism). ispartof: PLoS One vol:11 issue:6 ispartof: location:United States status: published
- Published
- 2016