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1. Prelude to THEMIS tail conjunction study

Author

Michael G. Henderson, G. K. Parks, L. M. Kistler, Georg Gustafsson, H. Rème, Y. Zheng, Yongliang Zhang, M. W. Dunlop, F. S. Mozer, V. Angelopoulos, A. T. Y. Lui, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Time sequence, 01 natural sciences, Plasma flow, 0103 physical sciences, Substorm, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), lcsh:Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QC801-809, Geology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, Time history, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geostationary orbit, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

A close conjunction of several satellites (LANL, GOES, Polar, Geotail, and Cluster) distributed from the geostationary altitude to about 16 RE downstream in the tail occurred during substorm activity as indicated by global auroral imaging and ground-based magnetometer data. This constellation of satellites resembles what is planned for the THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscopic Interactions during Substorms) mission to resolve the substorm controversy on the location of the substorm expansion onset region. In this article, we show in detail the dipolarization and dynamic changes seen by these satellites associated with two onsets of substorm intensification activity. In particular, we find that dipolarization at ~16 RE downstream in the tail can occur with dawnward electric field and without plasma flow, just like some near-Earth dipolarization events reported previously. The spreading of substorm disturbances in the tail coupled with complementary ground observations indicates that the observed time sequence on the onsets of substorm disturbances favors initiation in the near-Earth region for this THEMIS-like conjunction.

Published
2007

2. The inner magnetosphere of Saturn: Cassini RPWS cold plasmaresults from the first encounter

Author

Michiko Morooka, Reine Gill, P. Canu, Michael D. Desch, Mats André, D. A. Gurnett, George Hospodarsky, Anders Eriksson, Arne Pedersen, William S. Kurth, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Rolf Boström, T. F. Averkamp, A. M. Persoon, Georg Gustafsson, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), and Swedish National Space Board

Subjects
Physics, Dusty plasma, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Waves in plasmas, Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Plasma, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Geophysics, Gas torus, 13. Climate action, Physics::Plasma Physics, Saturn, Magnetosphere of Saturn, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Langmuir probe, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; We present new results from the inner magnetosphere of Saturn obtained by the Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) investigation onboard Cassini around the period of the Saturn orbit injection (July 1, 2004). Plasma wave electric field emissions, voltage sweeps by the Langmuir probe (LP) and radio sounder data were used to infer the cold plasma (

Published
2005
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3. Reconstruction of the magnetopause and low-latitude boundary layer topology using Cluster multi-point measurements

Author

Georg Gustafsson, M. Roth, Pierrette Décréau, J. De Keyser, Fabien Darrouzet, Malcolm Dunlop, Nicole Cornilleau-Wehrlin, Andrew Fazakerley, H. Rème, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Boundary (topology), Geometry, Interval (mathematics), Curvature, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Acceleration, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), lcsh:Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], lcsh:QC801-809, Geology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics, lcsh:QC1-999, Boundary layer, Discontinuity (linguistics), lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, Space and Planetary Science, Surface wave, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetopause, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

Multi-spacecraft data from Cluster allow for a more detailed magnetopause and boundary layer structure determination than ever before. Reconstruction methods, in which the time variability observed during a pass is interpreted as being due to boundary motion and/or spatial structure, are particularly well suited for this task. Such methods rely on the availability of plasma and field data and adopt the tangential discontinuity hypothesis to determine the motion, acceleration, boundary structure, boundary curvature and surface wave speed over an extended time interval. In this paper one- and two-dimensional reconstruction methods are applied to multi-spacecraft data for the first time.

Published
2004
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4. The Cassini radio and plasma wave investigation

Author

Helmut O. Rucker, H. P. Ladreiter, Philippe Louarn, M. L. Kaiser, L. J. C. Woolliscroft, Alain Lecacheux, Georg Gustafsson, Wolfgang Macher, Arne Pedersen, William S. Kurth, L. Åhlén, A. Roux, Michael D. Desch, Jan-Erik Wahlund, H. Alleyne, Paul J. Kellogg, Donald A. Gurnett, A. Meyer, Rolf Boström, William M. Farrell, D. L. Kirchner, R. Manning, P. Zarka, Patrick H. M. Galopeau, Patrick Canu, T. F. Averkamp, N. Cornilleau-Wehrlin, C. C. Harvey, George Hospodarsky, Keith Goetz, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Waves in plasmas, business.industry, Transmitter, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, Low frequency, 01 natural sciences, Medium frequency, Radio spectrum, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], symbols.namesake, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Magnetosphere of Saturn, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Langmuir probe, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Cassini radio and plasma wave investigation is designed to study radio emissions, plasma waves, thermal plasma, and dust in the vicinity of Saturn. Three nearly orthogonal electric field antennas are used to detect electric fields over a frequency range from 1 Hz to 16 MHz, and three orthogonal search coil magnetic antennas are used to detect magnetic fields over a frequency range from 1 Hz to 12 kHz. A Langmuir probe is used to measure the electron density and temperature. Signals from the electric and magnetic antennas are processed by five receiver systems: a high frequency receiver that covers the frequency range from 3.5 kHz to 16 MHz, a medium frequency receiver that covers the frequency range from 24 Hz to 12 kHz, a low frequency receiver that covers the frequency range from 1 Hz to 26 Hz, a five-channel waveform receiver that covers the frequency range from 1 Hz to 2.5 kHz in two bands, 1 Hz to 26 Hz and 3 Hz to 2.5 kHz, and a wideband receiver that has two frequency bands, 60 Hz to 10.5 kHz and 800 Hz to 75 kHz. In addition, a sounder transmitter can be used to stimulate plasma resonances over a frequency range from 3.6 kHz to 115.2 kHz. Fluxes of micron-sized dust particles can be counted and approximate masses of the dust particles can be determined using the same techniques as Voyager. Compared to Voyagers 1 and 2, which are the only spacecraft that have made radio and plasma wave measurements in the vicinity of Saturn, the Cassini radio and plasma wave instrument has several new capabilities. These include (1) greatly improved sensitivity and dynamic range, (2) the ability to perform direction-finding measurements of remotely generated radio emissions and wave normal measurements of plasma waves, (3) both active and passive measurements of plasma resonances in order to give precise measurements of the local electron density, and (4) Langmuir probe measurements of the local electron density and temperature. With these new capabilities, it will be possible to perform a broad range of studies of radio emissions, wave-particle interactions, thermal plasmas and dust in the vicinity of Saturn.

Published
2004
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5. Observations of auroral broadband emissions by CLUSTER

Author

Mats André, Malcolm Dunlop, John W. Bonnell, Anders Eriksson, Anders Tjulin, Andris Vaivads, M. Backrud, D. Sundkvist, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Stephan Buchert, Patrick Robert, N. Cornilleau, Georg Gustafsson, D. Winningham, A. Yilmaz, André Balogh, Michel Parrot, Tobia Carozzi, Andrew Fazakerley, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (COMU), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Waves in plasmas, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetosphere, Geophysics, Plasma, Astrophysics, Plasma oscillation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Alfvén wave, Earth's magnetic field, 13. Climate action, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Poynting vector, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; We present the results of a study based on several events of broadband ULF/ELF emissions observed in the auroral region by the CLUSTER multi-spacecraft at distances around 4-5 RE. These emissions, observed below the ion plasma frequency, are similar to the broadband emissions observed at lower altitudes (800-4000 km) by rockets (e.g. AMICIST) and satellites (e.g. FREJA and FAST). As successive passages of the four CLUSTER satellites through nearly the same regions show, the intensity of the emissions depend on the thermal properties of the plasma and gradients thereof. The total Poynting flux is downward and is comparable to energy fluxes observed at lower altitudes. We believe the broadband emissions are the result of dispersed Alfvén waves (DAW), which propagates down the magnetic field lines, and emits higher frequency ion plasma wave modes.

Published
2003
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6. Multi-spacecraft observations of broadband waves near the lower hybrid frequency at the Earthward edge of the magnetopause

Author

F. S. Mozer, Anders Tjulin, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Andris Vaivads, Andrew Fazakerley, Laurence Rezeau, Nicole Cornilleau-Wehrlin, D. Sundkvist, Mats André, M. W. Dunlop, Anders Eriksson, Arne Pedersen, Per-Arne Lindqvist, R. Behlke, Christopher Cully, Georg Gustafsson, Elizabeth Lucek, Yu. V. Khotyaintsev, A. Balogh, Milan Maksimovic, Tobia Carozzi, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), University of Calgary, Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Department of Physics, Okayama University, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), and University College of London [London] (UCL)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gyroradius, Wave packet, Magnetosphere, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Magnetosheath, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), lcsh:Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QC801-809, Geology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics, Lower hybrid oscillation, lcsh:QC1-999, Computational physics, Boundary layer, lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetopause, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

Broadband waves around the lower hybrid frequency (around 10 Hz) near the magnetopause are studied, using the four Cluster satellites. These waves are common at the Earthward edge of the boundary layer, consistent with earlier observations, and can have amplitudes at least up to 5 mV/m. These waves are similar on all four Cluster satellites, i.e. they are likely to be distributed over large areas of the boundary. The strongest electric fields occur during a few seconds, i.e. over distances of a few hundred km in the frame of the moving magnetopause, a scale length comparable to the ion gyroradius. The strongest magnetic oscillations in the same frequency range are typically found in the boundary layer, and across the magnetopause. During an event studied in detail, the magnetopause velocity is consistent with a large-scale depression wave, i.e. an inward bulge of magnetosheath plasma, moving tailward along the nominal magnetopause boundary. Preliminary investigations indicate that a rather flat front side of the large-scale wave is associated with a rather static small-scale electric field, while a more turbulent backside of the large-scale wave is associated with small-scale time varying electric field wave packets.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause, cusp, and boundary layers) – Space plasma physics (waves and in-stabilities)

Published
2001

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