1. Transport to the Slaughterhouse Affects the Salmonella Shedding and Modifies the Fecal Microbiota of Finishing Pigs
- Author
-
Giovanni Pezzotti, Roberta Ortenzi, Chiara Francesca Magistrali, Lucilla Cucco, Marta Paniccià, Silvia Tofani, Alessandra Morelli, Jordi Estellé, Francesca Romana Massacci, Adrien Castinel, Génome et Transcriptome - Plateforme Génomique ( GeT-PlaGe), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Italian Ministry of Health (Progetto di Ricerca Corrente IZSUM RC006/2015), INRAE. FR Massacci received a PhD grant from the Department of Agricultural, Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna (Italy), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche ‘Togo Rosati’, Partenaires INRAE, University of Bologna, Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Ministry of Health, Italy IZSUM RC 006/2015, INRAE, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) at the University of Bologna (Italy), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Salmonella ,Salmonella infection ,[SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,intestinal composition ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,fluids and secretions ,Most probable number ,lcsh:Zoology ,medicine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Feces ,030304 developmental biology ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,General Veterinary ,030306 microbiology ,swine ,Contamination ,medicine.disease ,16S ribosomal RNA ,infection ,Fecal coliform ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Herd ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie - Abstract
Simple Summary Salmonella is one of the most important pathogens responsible for food poisoning in humans and pork is recognized as one of the major sources for human salmonellosis. Pigs can become infected with Salmonella on the farm or in the very last phases of the production chain that include transport, lairage, and slaughter. The transport of animals from the farm to the slaughterhouse plays an important role in the transmission of this pathogen from pigs to pigs. The aim of our study was to investigate if the transport from the farm to the slaughterhouse increases the load of Salmonella in feces and to determine a modification of the fecal microbiota in pigs. Our study showed that the load of Salmonella increases after transport, confirming that this phase of the production is a critical point for the control of Salmonella contamination. The fecal microbiota composition was modified in Salmonella-positive animals after transport, in accordance with what is already published in scientific literature. In this stage, a natural Salmonella infection causes a severe modification of the fecal microbiota which is similar to the one observed in studies carried out in experimental facilities. Abstract Contaminated pork is a significant source of foodborne Salmonellosis. Pork is contaminated at the slaughterhouse and the intestinal content is the predominant source of Salmonella for carcass contamination. The prevalence of Salmonella-positive pigs increases significantly when the time of transport to the slaughterhouse is longer than two hours. The hypothesis behind this study is that transport to the slaughterhouse increases the load of Salmonella in feces and determines a shift of the fecal microbiota in finishing pigs. Fecal samples were collected in a pig herd positive for Salmonella spp., the day before the transport and at the slaughterhouse. Salmonella loads were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) technique, according to the ISO/TS 6579-2:2012/A1. Moreover, the fecal bacteria composition was assessed by sequencing the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Our study showed that the load of Salmonella increases after transport, confirming that this phase of the production chain is a critical point for the control of Salmonella contamination. A lower richness and an increased beta-diversity characterized the fecal microbiota composition of Salmonella-positive animals after transport. In this stage, a natural Salmonella infection causes a disruption of the fecal microbiota as observed in challenge studies.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF