1. Association between depression, anxiety and dementia among older people inj Central Africa: EPIDEMCA population-based study
- Author
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Gbessemehlan, Antoine, Guerchet, Maëlenn, Ndamba-Bandzouzi, Bébène, Houinato, Dismand, Dartigues, Jean François, Clément, Jean-Pierre, Mbelesso, Pascal, Preux, Pierre-Marie, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Diseases Epidemiology (LEMACEN), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches [Limoges] (CMRR Limoges), CHU Limoges-CH Esquirol [Limoges] (CH Esquirol), Service de Psychiatrie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] (SIME), Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale, and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)
- Subjects
mental disorders ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie - Abstract
International audience; Objectives: Older people are vulnerable to mental and cognitive health issues. Studies reported that depressive or anxious older people are more likely to present or to develop dementia over time. The relations between these psychiatric disorders and dementia are poorly explored in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, we investigated the association between depression, anxiety and dementia among older people living in two Central Africa countries.Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out between 2011 and 2012 in Republic of Congo (ROC) and in Central African Republic among people aged ≥65 years. An annual follow-up was performed only in ROC until 2015. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and participants underwent a short physical examination. Depression and anxiety symptoms were collected at baseline and were ascertained using a community version of the Geriatric Mental State (GMS-B3). Probable cases were defined as having a GMS-AGECAT score ≥3. Dementia diagnosis was performed by a neurologist according to DSM-IV criteria. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety and dementia were investigated using logistic and competing-risk regression models respectively.Results: Sample for cross-sectional analyses was 1773 participants (median age: 72 [interquartile range: 67-77] years) and 1053 (59.4%) were female. In total, 650 (36.7%), 133 (7.5%) participants presented respectively depression and anxiety symptoms, and 135 (7.6%) participants were diagnosed with dementia. After accounting for several covariates, depression significantly increased the odds of dementia (adjusted Odds Ratio= 1.62; 95%CI: 1.05-2.50), while anxiety was not associated with dementia (aOR= 0.81; 95%CI: 0.40-1.65). The effects of both psychiatric disorders on dementia incidence within the Congolese participants will be presented in detail.Conclusions: Many Central African older people experience depression more than anxiety and are more likely to present dementia. Promoting and strengthening social support around depressive older people could help to delay or manage dementia in this population.
- Published
- 2021