Author: "A. Malafosse" / Publisher: hal ccsd - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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78 results on '"A. Malafosse"'

1. La blockchain au service des communs de la donnée à Barcelone

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Pascal, Amandine, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), and Malafosse, maxime
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

2. Ğ1 : la création monétaire comme communs

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Wilfrid Azan, Georges Cavalier, Malafosse, maxime, and Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST)
Subjects: blockchain, DLT, commons, FLOSS, Duniter, Currency, Monnaie, monnaie libre, Communs, création monétaire, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Ğ1, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: After the financial crisis of 2008 and with the emergence of blockchain technologies, several alternative currencies were experimented. Among them, the bitcoin is today the most famous and has the largest capitalization but it does not seem to be a relevant solution for a more desirable future. However, it is possible to use the technology behind the Bitcoin, the blockchain, to offer more virtuous monetary alternatives and some experimentations can be assimilated as commons in the way of Ostrom (1990) and work for the common good. Our latest research (Malafosse et al. 2022, forthcoming), which aimed to better understand the conditions under which blockchain technologies could support the commons, enabled us to study the cryptocurrency Ğ1 community. Based on the result of this case study, we wish to question the money creation as a commons, drawing on the literature on currencies. More specifically, we put forward in this essay a new denomination for this collaborative practice: common-based peer universal dividend production., Après la crise financière de 2008, plusieurs monnaies alternatives ont fait l’objet d’expérimentations. Le bitcoin est aujourd'hui le plus connu et bénéficie de la plus importante capitalisation. Il ne semble cependant pas pouvoir être envisagé comme une solution pertinente pour engager un futur plus souhaitable. Pour s’y opposer, certains acteurs ont préféré mobiliser la blockchain, qui constitue la technologie derrière cette expérimentation, pour proposer des alternatives monétaires plus vertueuses, dont certaines peuvent être assimilées à des communs au sens d'Ostrom (1990) et œuvrent pour le bien commun. Nos dernières recherches (Malafosse et al. 2022, revue Systèmes d'Information et Management, à paraître), qui visent à mieux saisir dans quelles conditions les technologies blockchain favorisent le faire communs, nous ont permis d'étudier la cryptomonnaie Ğ1, qui s'apparente à un commun. En nous basant sur un résultat original de cette étude de cas, nous souhaitons ici interroger l'autogestion de la création monétaire en qualité de communs, en nous appuyant sur la littérature de la monnaie en tant qu'institution sociale. Plus spécifiquement, il s’agira de mieux comprendre ce que nous qualifions de production d’un dividende universel par les pairs sur la base des communs.
Published: 2021

3. Affordance and actualization in the design of blockchain technology for urban commons governance

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Orillard, Florence, Fontaine, Clément, Talbot, Charles, Gonzalez, Jérôme, and Malafosse, maxime
Subjects: blockchain, Third place, LICA, governance, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, commons, [SHS.ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, urban, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, marseille
Published: 2021

4. La création monétaire comme communs. Le cas de la monnaie libre Ğ1

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), and Malafosse, maxime
Subjects: [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

5. La blockchain au service de la gouvernance des communs: Le cas de l’écosystème Ğ1 / Duniter

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Pascal, Amandine, Amabile, Serge, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST), and Malafosse, maxime
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

6. Des systèmes d'information aux blockchainsconvergences en sciences juridiques et fiscales, économiques et de gestion

Author: Wilfrid, Azan, Cavalier, Georges, Lebraty, Jean-Fabrice, Lobre, Katia, Bajolle, Eddy, Baron, R., Causse, Hervé, Chaudey, Magali, Delorme, François, Dompnier, Nathalie, Bidan, Marc, Godé, Cécile, Staub, Thomas, Comby, Jacques, Lapoutte, Alexandrine, MATHIS, Bruno, Malafosse, Maxime, abraham, michelle, Moille, Céline, Li, Yuan, Lira, Yulgan, ebaid, Mustapha, Guédon, Pablo, quiquerez, alexandre, bernier, gwenaelle, bismuth, yves, COACTIS (COACTIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Equipe de recherche Louis Josserand, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche Magellan, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique (LEMNA), Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes (IEMN-IAE Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral (IUML), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes (Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes), Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral (IUML), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation (COACTIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], MESH: blockchain, smart contracts, ICO, droit fiscal, management des systèmes d'information, économie, théorie, transversalité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

7. Affordance and actualization in the design of blockchain technology for urban commons governance

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Orillard, Florence, Fontaine, Clément, Talbot, Charles, Gonzalez, Jérôme, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux (LEREPS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de droit et de science politique (AMU DSP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Media Architecture Biennale 20, Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de droit et de science politique (AMU FDSP), Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)
Subjects: blockchain, Third place, LICA, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, governance, commons, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, urban, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, marseille
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

8. La blockchain comme support aux communs de la donnée sur un territoire : Le cas DECODE – Barcelone

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Pascal, Amandine, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
Subjects: blockchain, Barcelona, governance, smart city, gouvernance, Systèmes de Registres Distribués, Barcelone, Communs, distributed ledger technologies, commons, DECODE, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Nowadays, some smart cities are criticised for their very techno-centric vision that favours digital giants over local citizens. In Barcelona, a completely different strategy has been deployed, turning the city into an experimental city model. Based on the theoretical foundation of the commons (Ostrom, 1990), the municipality has launched a digital strategy that involves citizens in addressing the challenges of digital sovereignty and asserting their digital rights. Thus, this article questions how decentralised digital tools, based on blockchain technology, can promote data sharing while respecting the privacy and rights of citizens. The theory of the commons is used to support the governance of the data commons at the city scale.; Certaines smart cities sont aujourd’hui critiquées pour leur vision très techno-centrée qui favorise les géants du numérique face aux citoyens locaux. À Barcelone, une tout autre stratégie a été déployée, faisant basculer la ville dans un modèle de ville expérimentale. Prenant ancrage dans le socle théorique des communs (Ostrom, 1990), la municipalité a en effet mis en place une stratégie digitale qui implique les citoyens pour répondre aux enjeux de souveraineté numérique et faire valoir leurs droits digitaux. Ainsi, cet article scientifique, qui vient en soutien d’une étude de cas du projet DECODE, interroge comment des outils numériques décentralisés, qui reposent sur la technologie blockchain, peuvent favoriser le partage des données tout en respectant la vie privée et les droits des citoyens. Il mobilise la théorie des communs pour comprendre la gestion des communs de la donnée à l’échelle d’une ville
Published: 2021

9. Forest for biomass or for biodiversity: scenarios for solving conflicts in the French context

Author: Deconchat, Marc, Malafosse, Florin, Clement, Floriane, Raynaud, Christelle, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Solagro, Toulouse, France, and Partenaires INRAE
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, forest, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biomass, France, biodiversity, scenario
Abstract: International audience; Forests are at the center of many of the issues involved in coping with global changes. On the one hand it seems necessary to exploit them more intensively to produce biomass to replace productswith a strong impact on the climate, on the other hand it seems necessary to preserve them much more in order to protect the large part of biodiversity they host as well as their role as carbon sinks.The tension between these two seemingly contradictory expectations is the subject of intense debates, which is particularly lively at present in France. Based on the same data, but with differenthypotheses, several scenarios have attempted to assess the consequences of the two orientations. Their results are not clearly enough contrasted to favour one scenario in particular. To overcome thisdifficulty, we believe that 3 new dimensions should be introduced into the analyses. 1) the territorial dimension to better consider local specificities (resources, demands and constraints); 2) the riskdimension to consider the impacts of global changes and the weight of risks in investment options, especially in the very long term; 3) the social dimension to promote better shared collective decisionmakingconducive to better environmental justice inclusive of a diversity of actors. The presentation defines these 3 dimensions and what they imply in prospective approaches.
Published: 2021

10. La place de l'élevage face aux enjeux actuels : Éléments de réflexion

Author: Couturier, Christian, Duru, Michel, Couturier, Antoine, Deconchat, Marc, Malafosse, Florin, and Raynaud, Christelle
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: Le présent document a pour objectif d’éclairer les débats concernant la place de l’élevage en France. Il ne représente pas la position de Solagro, mais vise à donner des bases aussi factuelles, objectives et sourcées que possible pour éclairer plusieurs points de controverse.
Published: 2021

11. Commoning with blockchain. The Ğ1 / Duniter case

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Pascal, Amandine, Amabile, Serge, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST)
Subjects: Production par les pairs sur la base des communs, gouvernance, DLT, Money, Commons, Blockchain, governance, systemes de, création monétaire, Communs, Ostrom, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Distributed ledger technology, Monnaie Libre Ğ1, Commons-Based Peer Production (CBPP)
Abstract: International audience; The rise of the internet and peer-to-peer networks have fostered the formation of communities around new collective projects that bring Ostrom's (1990) work on the commons back to the forefront. In this perspective, a new field of specific research suggests that blockchain technology can support commons governance. Studies are still rare and remain very theoretical. The objective of this article is to study the actual use of this technology in the process of commoning. To do so, this paper relies on the case study of the Ğ1 French free currency. Our results detail the governance arrangements of a new type of commons developed by members of the French free currency Ğ1: the socio-technical system of money creation. In doing so, this case highlights the attributes of the Duniter blockchain specifically developed for the needs of the Ğ1 ecosystem. It also outlines the role of the blockchain in supporting the self-organization and the bundles of rights that members have put in place to allocate the universal dividend by commoning.; L’essor d’internet et des réseaux pair-à-pair ont favorisé la constitution de communautés autour de nouveaux projets collectifs qui remettent au premier plan les travaux sur les communs d’Ostrom (1990). Dans cette perspective, un nouveau champ de recherches s’intéresse au rôle de la technologie blockchain comme support de la gouvernance des communs. Ces recherches, encore peu nombreuses, sont essentiellement théoriques. Cet article se fixe ainsi comme objectif d’étudier l’utilisation concrète de cette technologie dans le processus de faire commun. Pour ce faire, cet article s’appuie sur l’étude du cas de la monnaie libre Ğ1. Nos résultats présentent en détail les modalités de gouvernance d’un nouveau type de commun développé par les membres de la monnaie libre Ğ1 : le dispositif socio-technique de création monétaire. Ce cas est intéressant car il permet de mettre en exergue les attributs de la blockchain Duniter spécifiquement développée pour les besoins de l’écosystème Ğ1. Il souligne également le rôle de cette blockchain pour soutenir l’auto-organisation du projet et, notamment, les faisceaux de droits que les membres ont mis en place afin d’allouer le dividende universel et le processus de faire commun.
Published: 2021

12. Liberty, equality, fraternity and free money !

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Malafosse, maxime, and Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST)
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

13. Mucoadhesive thermosensitive hydrogel for the intra-tumoral delivery of immunomodulatory agents, in vivo evidence of adhesion by means of non-invasive imaging techniques

Author: Cyrille Richard, Claude Capron, Nathalie Mignet, Christelle Lesieur, Johanne Seguin, Chantal Al Sabbagh, Bich-Thuy Doan, Robert Malafosse, Vincent Boudy, Katia Lemdani, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique (UPCG - UMR_S 640/UMR 8151), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-Institut des sciences du Médicament -Toxicologie - Chimie - Environnement (IFR71), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Galien Paris-Sud (IGPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de pharmacologie chimique et génétique et d'imagerie (UPCGI - UMR 8151 / UMR_S 1022 ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire épidémiologie et oncogénèse des tumeurs digestives, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Agence Générale des Equipements et Produits de Santé [Paris] (AGEPS), Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé (UTCBS - UM 4 (UMR 8258 / U1022)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut des sciences du Médicament -Toxicologie - Chimie - Environnement (IFR71), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomarqueurs et essais cliniques en Cancérologie et Onco-Hématologie (BECCOH), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut des sciences du Médicament -Toxicologie - Chimie - Environnement (IFR71), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Mice, Drug Delivery Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, Bone Marrow, Neoplasms, Cytotoxic T cell, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Optical Imaging, Adhesiveness, Hydrogels, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 3. Good health, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Rheology, 0210 nano-technology, Adjuvant, Agonist, medicine.drug_class, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Poloxamer, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, In vivo, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Immunologic Factors, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Mucins, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Dendritic Cells, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Colony-stimulating factor, In vitro, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, NIH 3T3 Cells, Cancer research, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, CD8
Abstract: Intratumoral injection of biocompatible gels is increasingly used for the sustained delivery of drugs and vaccines to enhance the anti-cancer immune response. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has become an attractive adjuvant thanks to its ability to boost the antitumor immune response by inducing proliferation, maturation and migration of the dendritic-cells (DCs) and the differentiation of lymphocytes. Killed Mycobacteria, such as Heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (HKMT) have been used in several studies as TLR-2 agonist to increase maturation of DCs. In this study, we designed a mucoadhesive thermosensitive formulation for the local delivery of GM-CSF and HKMT in order to enhance DCs activation and improve the local antitumor immune response. This formulation was selected based on its elastic and mucoadhesive properties obtained thanks to rheological studies. More importantly, intratumoral residence time of the labelled gel and protein were evidenced by means of MRI and non invasive in vivo optical imaging. Then, the efficacy of the combination of immunomodulators loaded thermogel was demonstated in vitro and in vivo. The selected thermogel exhibits rheological properties which confer a good elasticity and increased residence time of the immunostimulatory agents in the tumor, thus increasing the recruitment of DCs and T cytotoxic CD8+ lymphocytes.
Published: 2019

14. Les internes de médecine générale se sentent-ils libres de leurs rencontres avec l’industrie pharmaceutique ? Étude qualitative menée auprès d’internes en médecine générale de l’océan indien

Author: Malafosse, Guillaume, Université de La Réunion - UFR Santé (UR UFRS), Université de La Réunion (UR), and Patrice Humbert
Subjects: Freedom, Medical education, Medical student, Liberté, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Drug industry, Industrie pharmaceutique, Études médicales, Étudiant médecine
Abstract: Introduction : The pharmaceutical industry is omnipresent during the medical training program of doctors and it influences medical prescriptions. The objective of this work is to understand if general medical students feel free or influenced during their meetings with the pharmaceutical industry. Method : A qualitative study led with general medicine students located in the Indian Ocean, by means of semi-directed conversations and a group interview. Their analysis was made according to the grounded theory method of qualitative analysis using the SONAL software. Results : 13 medical students participated in the study. With regards to the main question posed in the study, the interns often felt that the meetings were pressured upon them, or by themselves. These encounters took place mainly at the hospital, during staffs meetings but also during outpatient training via medical visitors. They felt that their training in independence was insufficient to allow them to have more freedom. Discussion : Medical student do not always feel free to meet with the pharmaceutical industry, mainly due to hierarchical pressure and lack of training. To remedy this would require the elaboration of a charter on independence with regards to the pharmaceutical industry destined for the university master course of La Réunion/ Mayotte and a training of students according to the Pharfree curriculum model of AMSA with an evaluation of these measures on the feeling of the medical students and the economic medical consequences of their actions.; Introduction : L’industrie pharmaceutique est omniprésente dans le cursus de médecine. Elle influence les prescriptions médicales. L’objectif de ce travail est de savoir si les internes de médecine générale se sentent libres des rencontres avec l’industrie pharmaceutique. Méthode : Étude qualitative menée auprès d’internes de médecine générale de l’Océan Indien, par entretiens semi dirigés individuels et un entretien de groupe. L’analyse a été faite selon le modèle de la théorie ancrée à l’aide du logiciel SONAL. Résultats : 13 internes ont participé à l’étude. Sur la question principale de l’étude, les internes avaient le sentiment de rencontres souvent contraintes du fait de leurs chefs, de leurs services, ou d’eux mêmes. Ces rencontres se font principalement à l’hôpital, lors de staffs mais également en stage ambulatoire via les visiteurs médicaux. Ils estiment leur formation à l’indépendance insuffisante pour leur permettre d’avoir plus de liberté. Discussion : Les internes ne sentent pas toujours libre de leur rencontre avec l’industrie pharmaceutique, par pression hiérarchique principalement et manque de formation. Pour remédier à cela il faudrait une charte sur l’indépendance vis-à-vis de l’industrie pharmaceutique destinés aux maîtres de stages universitaires de la Réunion/Mayotte et une formation des étudiants selon le modèle Pharmfree curriculum de l’AMSA avec évaluation de ces mesures sur le ressenti des internes et les conséquences médicaux économique de ces actions.
Published: 2019

15. Crypto-technologies & blockchain, artefacts distribués au service de la gouvernance des communs

Author: Malafosse, Maxime, Amabile, Serge, Pascal, Amandine, BEN KHALLOUK, Abdelhafid, Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Association Information & Management (AIM), and Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST)
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

16. Design of Portable and Accessible Platform in Charge of Wheelchair Feedback Immersion

Author: Jérôme Perret, Frederic Goncalves, Benjamin Malafosse, Eric Monacelli, Simon Richir, Claude Dumas, Samuel Pineau, Alain Schmid, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes de Versailles (LISV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre de Ressources & d'Innovation Mobilité Handicap (CEREMH), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), Haption S.A., Haption, and Ile‐De‐France region, EDF R&D (project leader), LISV (UVSQ), LAMPA (Arts & Métiers ParisTech), CEREMH, CEA-LIST.
Subjects: 030506 rehabilitation, Computer science, business.industry, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Virtual reality, Modular design, handicap, Sciences de l'information et de la communication [Sciences de l'Homme et Société], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Wheelchair, Lifting equipment, force-feedback, Immersion (virtual reality), virtual reality, 0305 other medical science, Actuator, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Simulation, Haptic technology
Abstract: Rewarded at Laval Virtual 2014, the AccesSim project aims to develop a wheelchair simulator based on Virtual Reality (VR) and a dynamic force‐feedback platform, which allows to experience and to evaluate the accessibility in complex urban or property environment. In order to address this issue, the dynamic force-feedback platform should provide haptic and vestibular feedback to various user profiles: from town‐planners to wheelchair users. The platform needs to be modular and adjustable to each of these profiles. This article focuses on the dynamic force‐feedback platform and specifically on the force‐feedback systems used. Ile‐De‐France region, EDF R&D (project leader), LISV (UVSQ), LAMPA (Arts & Métiers ParisTech), CEREMH, CEA-LIST.
Published: 2015

17. A pocket of very high suicide rates in a non-violent, egalitarian and cooperative population of South-East Asia

Author: Alain Malafosse, R. Docto, Fabrice Jollant, Charles J-H Macdonald, Department of Psychiatry [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Genetics laboratory Department of psychiatry, Hospital of Geneva, Palawan State University, Palawan state university, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Philippines, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Culture, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, indigenous people, Poison control, Suicide prevention, Young Adult, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Personality, genetics, education, Psychiatry, Applied Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, suicide, media_common, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Social anxiety, human behavior, Middle Aged, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Substance abuse, Psychiatry and Mental health, Endogamy, Female, business
Abstract: BackgroundExtremely high rates of suicide localized within subgroups of populations where suicide is rare have been reported. We investigated this intriguing observation in a population of South-East Asia, where local culture should theoretically be preventative of suicide.MethodA team including an anthropologist and a psychiatrist surveyed all cases of suicide that had occurred over 10 years in four isolated regions. A psychological autopsy was carried out comparing each suicide case with two matched control cases.ResultsIn a region of 1192 inhabitants, 16 suicides occurred, leading to an annual suicide rate of 134/1 000 00 which is 10 times the rate in the USA or Canada. By contrast, three ethnically similar distant communities showed low to null rates. The gender ratio was three males to one female and two-thirds of cases were aged below 35 years. Methods of suicide were poisoning and hanging and motives mainly included interpersonal discord. The pattern of developmental and clinical risk factors was somewhat different from Western countries, showing no childhood maltreatment, only one case of alcohol/substance abuse and impulsive–aggressive personality but elevated rates of social anxiety. Suicide cases had very high frequencies of second-degree biological relatives who committed suicide.ConclusionsOur study confirms a persistent phenomenon of high suicide rates restricted to a subgroup of a pre-industrialized population. We hypothesized this might be explained by isolation and endogamy, which may have promoted the selection/amplification of genetic vulnerability factors, or a contagion effect. These findings shed light on suicide from both a singular and a universal perspective, suggesting that particular local conditions may significantly modulate the rate of this complex behavior.
Published: 2014

18. The HLA-G low expressor genotype is associated with protection against bipolar disorder

Author: Frank Bellivier, Monojit Debnath, Mohamed Lajnef, Chantal Henry, José Oliveira, Wahid Boukouaci, Bruno Etain, Djaouida Bengoufa, Alain Malafosse, Kahina Amokrane, Marc Busson, Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy, Jean-Pierre Kahn, Ryad Tamouza, Marion Leboyer, Hélène Moins-Teisserenc, Dominique Charron, Stéphane Jamain, Nora Hamdani, Hématologie -Immunologie -Cibles thérapeutiques, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Laboratoire Jean Dausset, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Psychiatrie, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Créteil], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Hôpital Jeanne-d'Arc, Pharmacogénétique et abords thérapeutiques des maladies héréditaires, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by INSERM (UMRS 940 and U955), Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR MNP2008 -VIP-Project), and the GIS NERF (grant to Monojit Debnath), Réseau Thématique de Recherche et de Soins en Santé Mentale (Fondation FondaMental®)., Guellaen, Georges, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Bipolar Disorder, Adolescent, Genotype, Polymorphism Immune modulation, Immunology, HLA-G, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, Human leukocyte antigen, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Gene Frequency, INDEL Mutation, Seasonality of birth, medicine, Odds Ratio, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Bipolar disorders, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Bipolar disorder, Allele, 3' Untranslated Regions, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Sequence Deletion, Genetics, HLA-G Antigens, 0303 health sciences, Polymorphism, Genetic, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Female, Seasons, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Implication of immune processes in bipolar disorder (BD) has recently gained increasing attention. Tolerogenic molecules, among which HLA-G plays a prominent role, mediate the modulation of such processes. The HLA-G locus is characterized by a high number of polymorphisms including a functionally relevant 14 base pair (bp) insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) allele affecting the HLA-G expression. Here, we analyzed the distribution of this polymorphism in 561 BD patients and 161 healthy and found that the HLA-G 14bp Ins/Ins genotype was significantly more prevalent in healthy controls than in patients (corrected p; pc=0.032) and that the prevalence of such protective genotype is lower among patients born during the winter season as compared to those born in other periods (pc=0.006). Possible mechanisms between low HLA G expression and resistance to infections as well as potential relationships between infections in early life and susceptibility to BD are discussed.
Published: 2013

19. HPA axis genes may modulate the effect of childhood adversities on decision-making in suicide attempters

Author: Guillaume, Sebastien, Perroud, Nader, Jollant, Fabrice, Jaussent, Isabelle, Olié, Emilie, Malafosse, Alain, Courtet, Philippe, Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), This study received financial support from CHU Montpellier (PHRC UF 7653), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR NEURO 2007 'GENESIS) and by the Swiss National Fund (Grants 320030-112084)., and Guillaume, Sebastien
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Gene Environment Interaction, Stress, Attempted suicide, Child abuse, Decision-making
Abstract: International audience; Decision-making impairment is found in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including suicidal behavior, and has been shown to be modulated by genes. On the other hand, early trauma have/has been associated with poor mental health outcome in adulthood, in interaction with genetic factors, possibly through sustained alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis). Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of childhood trauma and its interaction with HPA-axis related genes on decision-making abilities in adulthood among a sample of suicide attempters. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was used to assess decision-making in 218 patients with a history of suicide attempt. Participant fulfilled the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to report traumatic childhood experiences. Patients were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphisms within CRHR1 and CRHR2 genes. Patients with a history of sexual abuse had significantly lower IGT scores than non-sexually abused individuals. Polymorphisms within CRHR1 and CRHR2 genes interacted with both childhood sexual abuse and emotional neglect to influence IGT performance. In conclusion, childhood sexual abuse and emotional neglect may have long-term effects on decision-making through an interaction with key HPA axis genes. Even if these results need to be replicated in other sample, impaired decision-making may thus be the dimension through which child maltreatment, in interaction with HPA axis related genes, may have a sustained negative impact on adult mental health.
Published: 2012

20. HPA axis genes may modulate the effect of childhood adversities on decision-making in suicide attempters.: decision-making and stress

Author: Fabrice Jollant, Nader Perroud, Alain Malafosse, Sébastien Guillaume, Philippe Courtet, Isabelle Jaussent, Emilie Olié, Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), This study received financial support from CHU Montpellier (PHRC UF 7653), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR NEURO 2007 'GENESIS) and by the Swiss National Fund (Grants 320030-112084)., and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Child abuse, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Genotype, Decision Making, Poison control, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Suicide, Attempted, Stress, Attempted suicide, Suicide prevention, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, Surveys and Questionnaires, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Gene Environment Interaction, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Suicide attempt, Middle Aged, 16. Peace & justice, Mental health, Iowa gambling task, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Games, Experimental, Sexual abuse, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, Decision-making
Abstract: International audience; Decision-making impairment is found in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including suicidal behavior, and has been shown to be modulated by genes. On the other hand, early trauma have/has been associated with poor mental health outcome in adulthood, in interaction with genetic factors, possibly through sustained alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis). Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of childhood trauma and its interaction with HPA-axis related genes on decision-making abilities in adulthood among a sample of suicide attempters. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was used to assess decision-making in 218 patients with a history of suicide attempt. Participant fulfilled the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to report traumatic childhood experiences. Patients were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphisms within CRHR1 and CRHR2 genes. Patients with a history of sexual abuse had significantly lower IGT scores than non-sexually abused individuals. Polymorphisms within CRHR1 and CRHR2 genes interacted with both childhood sexual abuse and emotional neglect to influence IGT performance. In conclusion, childhood sexual abuse and emotional neglect may have long-term effects on decision-making through an interaction with key HPA axis genes. Even if these results need to be replicated in other sample, impaired decision-making may thus be the dimension through which child maltreatment, in interaction with HPA axis related genes, may have a sustained negative impact on adult mental health.
Published: 2012

21. Détermination, par la biométrie, du sexe des poussins chez deux espèces de rapaces Circaetus gallicus et Buteo buteo

Author: Jalby, Vincent, Malafosse, Jean-Pierre, Nore, Thérèse, Wink, Michaël, DMI (XLIM-DMI), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, and Heidelberg University
Subjects: Analyse discriminante, Détermination du sexe par analyse moléculaire, Biométrie, Poussins, Circaetus gallicus, Buteo buteo
Abstract: International audience; Nestling sexing by biometric and molecular analysis in two diurnal raptors. The following data were collected during a long term study in France of the Common Buzzard Buteo buteo and the Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus. Even though females of these two species are significantly larger than males, biometric parameters show substantial overlaps between sexes, so that in-hand sexing from morphometrics alone can be hazardous. Therefore, we have been looking for a reliable method of sexing nestlings, based on discriminant analysis of measurements, computed between groups of DNA determined males and females. In this paper, we give simple (linear) functions of a few parameters, allowing the prediction of the sex of a good proportion of the juveniles: Roughly 85% of Short-toed Eagle nestlings, older than 40 days (wing-length > 170mm), and 90% of Common Buzzard nestlings, from the age of 4 weeks (wing-length > 205mm), can be sexed correctly.
Published: 2012

22. Suicidal behavior is associated with reduced corpus callosum area

Author: Emmanuelle Le Bars, Philippe Courtet, Sylvaine Artero, Alain Bonafe, Jerome Joseph Maller, Chantal Meslin, Karen Ritchie, Nicolas Menjot de Champfleur, Alain Malafosse, Fabianne Cyprien, Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), The Alfred & Monash University School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University (ANU), Neuroscience Division, Imperial College London-Faculty of Medicine-St Mary's Hospital, Région Languedoc-Roussillon, France Alzheimer, Novartis, Villebrun, Dominique, and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, MESH: Chi-Square Distribution, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Poison control, Audiology, Corpus callosum, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, corpus callosum, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Residence Characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging, ddc:576.5, MESH: Residence Characteristics, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, Suicide, Brain size, Cohort, Female, Psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, suicidal behavior, MESH: Corpus Callosum, MESH: Multivariate Analysis, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Interview, Psychological, mental disorders, Interview, Psychological, medicine, History of depression, Humans, Psychiatry, Suicide/psychology, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Chi-Square Distribution, MESH: Humans, Suicide attempt, Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Retrospective Studies, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, 030227 psychiatry, MESH: Suicide, Mood disorders, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Multivariate Analysis, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Corpus Callosum/pathology
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Corpus callosum (CC) size has been associated with cognitive and emotional deficits in a range of neuropsychiatric and mood disorders. As such deficits are also found in suicidal behavior, we investigated specifically the association between CC atrophy and suicidal behavior. METHODS: We studied 435 right-handed individuals without dementia from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and over (the ESPRIT study). They were divided in three groups: suicide attempters (n = 21), affective control subjects (AC) (n = 180) without history of suicide attempt but with a history of depression, and healthy control subjects (HC) (n = 234). T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were traced to measure the midsagittal areas of the anterior, mid, and posterior CC. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to compare CC areas in the three groups. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses adjusted for age, gender, childhood trauma, head trauma, and total brain volume showed that the area of the posterior third of CC was significantly smaller in suicide attempters than in AC (p = .020) and HC (p = .010) individuals. No significant differences were found between AC and HC. No differences were found for the anterior and mid thirds of the CC. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings emphasize a reduced size of the posterior third of the CC in subjects with a history of suicide, suggesting a diminished interhemispheric connectivity and a possible role of CC in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. Further studies are needed to strengthen these results and clarify the underlying cellular changes leading to these morphometric differences.
Published: 2011

23. War exposure, 5-HTTLPR genotype and lifetime risk of depression

Author: Alain Malafosse, Sylvaine Artero, Anne-Marie Dupuy, Jacques Touchon, Karen Ritchie, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, Psychiatry Genetics Unit, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Faculté de Médecine, Neuroscience Division, Imperial College London-Faculty of Medicine-St Mary's Hospital, Région Languedoc-Roussillon, Novartis, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Faculté de Médecine, and Villebrun, Dominique
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Depressive Disorder, MESH: Logistic Models, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics, France/epidemiology, MESH: Genotype, ddc:616.89, MESH: War, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Genotype, ddc:576.5, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, MESH: Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Prospective cohort study, Serotonin transporter, Depression (differential diagnoses), Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, biology, Age Factors, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cohort, Female, France, War, MESH: Algeria, Warfare, medicine.medical_specialty, Depressive Disorder/epidemiology/genetics, Environment, Article, War Exposure, Life Change Events, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Psychiatry, MESH: Environment, Alleles, Aged, MESH: Age Factors, Depressive Disorder, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Alleles, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, 030227 psychiatry, MESH: France, Institutional repository, Logistic Models, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Life Change Events, 5-HTTLPR, Algeria, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: BackgroundIn 1962 approximately 1.5 million French people living in Algeria were repatriated to France in very poor and often life-threatening conditions. These people constitute a cohort for the study of the long-term impact of gene–environment interaction on depression.AimsTo examine the interaction between a highly stressful life event and subsequent depression, and its modulation by a length polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (5–HTTLPR).MethodA community sample of people aged 65 years and over residing in the Montpellier region of the south of France was randomly recruited from electoral rolls. Genotyping was performed on 248 repatriated persons and 632 controls. Current and lifetime major and minor depressive disorders were assessed according to DSM-IV criteria.ResultsA significant relationship was observed between exposure to repatriation and subsequent depression (PP = 0.62). After controlling for age, gender, education, disability, recent life events and cognitive function, the gene–environment interaction (repatriation×5-HTTLPR) was globally significant (PPPP = 0.067).ConclusionsThe association between depression and war repatriation was significantly modulated by 5-HTTLPR genotype but this appeared to occur only in people who were younger at the time of exposure.
Published: 2011

24. Adverse childhood environment and late-life cognitive functioning

Author: Ritchie, Karen, Jaussent, Isabelle, Stewart, Robert, Dupuy, Anne-Marie, Courtet, Philippe, Malafosse, Alain, Ancelin, Marie-Laure, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institute of Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)-King‘s College London, Département de biochimie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Service de Psychologie Médicale et Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, and The ESPRIT project is financed by the regional government of Languedoc-Roussillon, the Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR) Project 07 LVIE 004, and an unconditional grant from Novartis.
Subjects: cognition, child abuse, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, elderly, ApoE, gene-environment interaction
Abstract: International audience; Objective: Clinical studies suggest that childhood maltreatment may cause nervous system changes and consequent cognitive disorder. The persistence of this association in late-life is examined. Methods: Cognitive functioning and childhood events were examined in 1282 persons over 65 years, taking into account proximal competing causes of poor cognitive performance. Results: 91 % of participants experienced at least one adverse childhood event, of these 14.7 % severe events. Sharing of parental problems and, for women, loss of a parent, were associated with poorer verbal retrieval whereas being sent to a foster home or mistreatment by schoolmates was associated with poorer visuospatial memory. Severe abuse was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment on some tests suggesting a resilience factor. Positive childhood environment was protective although only for non-carriers of the ApoE epsilon4 allele on the central executive task. Conclusions: Some adverse childhood events continue to have a negative effect on later-life cognitive performance, while some more severe acute events may have the opposite effect, underlying the necessity to consider events individually and not as global test scores.
Published: 2011

25. Distinguishing the relevant features of frequent suicide attempters

Author: Lopez-Castroman, Jorge, Perez-Rodriguez, Maria De Las Mercedes, Jaussent, Isabelle, Alegria, Analucia, Artes-Rodriguez, Antonio, Freed, Peter, Guillaume, Sébastien, Jollant, Fabrice, Leiva-Murillo, Jose Miguel, Malafosse, Alain, Oquendo, Maria, De Prado-Cumplido, Mario, Saiz-Ruiz, Jeronimo, Baca-Garcia, Enrique, Courtet, Philippe, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry at Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Hospital-Autonoma University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Columbia University [New York]-New York State Psychiatric Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal [Madrid], Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH)-Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), European Research Consortium for Suicide (EURECA), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: MESH: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Probability, MESH: Adult, MESH: ROC Curve, MESH: Male, MESH: France, MESH: Interview, Psychological, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Spain, MESH: Suicide, Attempted, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, MESH: Prevalence
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: In spite of the high prevalence of suicide behaviours and the magnitude of the resultant burden, little is known about why individuals reattempt. We aim to investigate the relationships between clinical risk factors and the repetition of suicidal attempts. METHODS: 1349 suicide attempters were consecutively recruited in the Emergency Room (ER) of two academic hospitals in France and Spain. Patients were extensively assessed and demographic and clinical data obtained. Data mining was used to determine the minimal number of variables that blinded the rest in relation to the number of suicide attempts. Using this set, a probabilistic graph ranking relationships with the target variable was constructed. RESULTS: The most common diagnoses among suicide attempters were affective disorders, followed by anxiety disorders. Risk of frequent suicide attempt was highest among middle-aged subjects, and diminished progressively with advancing age of onset at first attempt. Anxiety disorders significantly increased the risk of presenting frequent suicide attempts. Pathway analysis also indicated that frequent suicide attempts were linked to greater odds for alcohol and substance abuse disorders and more intensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Novel statistical methods found several clinical features that were associated with a history of frequent suicide attempts. The identified pathways may promote new hypothesis-driven studies of suicide attempts and preventive strategies.
Published: 2011

26. Quasi-Newton methods in infinite-dimensional spaces and application to matrix equations

Author: Hocine Mokhtar-Kharroubi, Bruno de Malafosse, Adnan Yassine, Boubakeur Benahmed, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées du Havre (LMAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées du Havre ( LMAH ), Université Le Havre Normandie ( ULH ), and Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU )
Subjects: [ MATH ] Mathematics [math], [ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Control and Optimization, Matrix-free methods, Matrix representation, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Management Science and Operations Research, 01 natural sciences, Algebraic Riccati equation, symbols.namesake, Matrix (mathematics), Applied mathematics, 0101 mathematics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Hilbert space, Computer Science Applications, 010101 applied mathematics, Nonlinear system, Rate of convergence, Vectorization (mathematics), symbols, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract: In the first part of this paper, we give a survey on convergence rates analysis of quasi-Newton methods in infinite Hilbert spaces for nonlinear equations. Then, in the second part we apply quasi-Newton methods in their Hilbert formulation to solve matrix equations. So, we prove, under natural assumptions, that quasi-Newton methods converge locally and superlinearly; the global convergence is also studied. For numerical calculations, we propose new formulations of these methods based on the matrix representation of the dyadic operator and the vectorization of matrices. Finally, we apply our results to algebraic Riccati equations.
Published: 2011

27. Distinguishing the relevant features of frequent suicide attempters

Author: Lopez-Castroman, Jorge, Perez-Rodriguez, Maria de Las Mercedes, Jaussent, Isabelle, Alegria, Analucia, Artes-Rodriguez, Antonio, Freed, Peter, Guillaume, Sébastien, Jollant, Fabrice, Leiva-Murillo, Jose Miguel, Malafosse, Alain, Oquendo, Maria, de Prado-Cumplido, Mario, Saiz-Ruiz, Jeronimo, Baca-Garcia, Enrique, Courtet, Philippe, Villebrun, Dominique, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry at Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Hospital-Autonoma University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Columbia University [New York]-New York State Psychiatric Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal [Madrid], Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH)-Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), and European Research Consortium for Suicide (EURECA)
Subjects: MESH: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Probability, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Adult, MESH: ROC Curve, MESH: Male, MESH: France, MESH: Interview, Psychological, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Spain, MESH: Suicide, Attempted, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, MESH: Prevalence
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: In spite of the high prevalence of suicide behaviours and the magnitude of the resultant burden, little is known about why individuals reattempt. We aim to investigate the relationships between clinical risk factors and the repetition of suicidal attempts. METHODS: 1349 suicide attempters were consecutively recruited in the Emergency Room (ER) of two academic hospitals in France and Spain. Patients were extensively assessed and demographic and clinical data obtained. Data mining was used to determine the minimal number of variables that blinded the rest in relation to the number of suicide attempts. Using this set, a probabilistic graph ranking relationships with the target variable was constructed. RESULTS: The most common diagnoses among suicide attempters were affective disorders, followed by anxiety disorders. Risk of frequent suicide attempt was highest among middle-aged subjects, and diminished progressively with advancing age of onset at first attempt. Anxiety disorders significantly increased the risk of presenting frequent suicide attempts. Pathway analysis also indicated that frequent suicide attempts were linked to greater odds for alcohol and substance abuse disorders and more intensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Novel statistical methods found several clinical features that were associated with a history of frequent suicide attempts. The identified pathways may promote new hypothesis-driven studies of suicide attempts and preventive strategies.
Published: 2011

28. Adverse childhood environment and late-life cognitive functioning

Author: Ritchie, Karen, Jaussent, Isabelle, Stewart, Robert, Dupuy, Anne-Marie, Courtet, Philippe, Malafosse, Alain, Ancelin, Marie-Laure, Villebrun, Dominique, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institute of Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)-King‘s College London, Département de biochimie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Service de Psychologie Médicale et Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, and The ESPRIT project is financed by the regional government of Languedoc-Roussillon, the Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR) Project 07 LVIE 004, and an unconditional grant from Novartis.
Subjects: cognition, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, child abuse, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, elderly, ApoE, gene-environment interaction
Abstract: International audience; Objective: Clinical studies suggest that childhood maltreatment may cause nervous system changes and consequent cognitive disorder. The persistence of this association in late-life is examined. Methods: Cognitive functioning and childhood events were examined in 1282 persons over 65 years, taking into account proximal competing causes of poor cognitive performance. Results: 91 % of participants experienced at least one adverse childhood event, of these 14.7 % severe events. Sharing of parental problems and, for women, loss of a parent, were associated with poorer verbal retrieval whereas being sent to a foster home or mistreatment by schoolmates was associated with poorer visuospatial memory. Severe abuse was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment on some tests suggesting a resilience factor. Positive childhood environment was protective although only for non-carriers of the ApoE epsilon4 allele on the central executive task. Conclusions: Some adverse childhood events continue to have a negative effect on later-life cognitive performance, while some more severe acute events may have the opposite effect, underlying the necessity to consider events individually and not as global test scores.
Published: 2011

29. European collaborative study of early-onset bipolar disorder: Evidence for genetic heterogeneity on 2q14 according to age at onset

Author: Mathieu, Flavie, Dizier, Marie-Hélène, Etain, Bruno, Jamain, Stéphane, Rietschel, Marcella, Maier, Wolfgang, Albus, Margot, Mckeon, Patrick, Roche, Siobhan, Blackwood, Douglas, Muir, Walter, Henry, Chantal, Malafosse, Alain, Preisig, Martin, Ferrero, François, Cichon, Sven, Schumacher, Johannes, Ohlraun, Stephanie, Propping, Peter, Abou Jamra, Rami, Schulze, Thomas, Zelenica, Diana, Charon, Céline, Marusic, Andrej, Dernovsek, Mojca, Gurling, Hugh, Nöthen, Markus, Lathrop, Mark, Leboyer, Marion, Bellivier, Frank, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Division Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health [Mannheim], Medical Faculty [Mannheim]-Medical Faculty [Mannheim], Department of Psychiatry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, District Hospital Haar, St. Patrick's Hospital, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh-Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of psychiatry, University Hospital - Lausanne, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Center for Human Genetic Research, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Institute of Human Genetics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia, University Psychiatric Hospital, Department of psychiatry and behavioural Sciences, Windeyer Institute for Medical Sciences-Royal Free and University College London Medical School, Grant sponsor: INSERM, Grant sponsor: Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Grant sponsor: Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-Project Manage-BP), Grant sponsor: National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), Grant sponsor: Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau (FRC), Grant sponsor: RTRS Santé Mentale (FondaMental), Grant sponsor: National Genomic Network (NGFN) of the German Ministry of Education and Research, Grant sponsor: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 400 Subprojects D1 and D3, Graduiertenkolleg GRK 246, FOR 423 Subproject D1), Grant sponsor: Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung, Grant sponsor: Interuniversity Attraction Poles program P5/19 of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Grant sponsor: German Research Society (Grant Numbers: AL 230-1/2/3-230-5/1/2, SFB 400), Grant sponsor: Aware, Grant sponsor: Health Research Board (Grant Number: H01069 HRB RP153/2000), Grant sponsor: Friends of St. Patrick‟s Hospital, and Grant sponsor: Swiss National Foundation ( Grant Numbers: 32-40677.94, 32-47315.96, 32-061974.00, 32-66793.01, 32-102168.03).
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Bipolar disorder, MESH: Age of Onset, MESH: Genetic Linkage, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, MESH: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, MESH: Genetic Heterogeneity, MESH: Genetic Markers, MESH: Male, genetic heterogeneity, MESH: Genotype, MESH: Young Adult, MESH: Bipolar Disorder, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Europe, MESH: Chromosome Mapping, age at onset, MESH: Data Interpretation, Statistical, MESH: Female, MESH: Genetic Association Studies
Abstract: International audience; Bipolar disorder has a genetic component, but the mode of inheritance remains unclear. A previous genome scan conducted in 70 European families led to detect eight regions linked to bipolar disease. Here, we present an investigation of whether the phenotypic heterogeneity of the disorder corresponds to genetic heterogeneity in these regions using additional markers and an extended sample of families. The MLS statistic was used for linkage analyses. The predivided sample test and the maximum likelihood binomial methods were used to test genetic homogeneity between early-onset bipolar type I (cut-off of 22 years) and other types of the disorder (later onset of bipolar type I and early-onset bipolar type II), using a total of 138 independent bipolar-affected sib-pairs. Analysis of the extended sample of families supports linkage in four regions (2q14, 3p14, 16p23, and 20p12) of the eight regions of linkage suggested by our previous genome scan. Heterogeneity testing revealed genetic heterogeneity between early and late-onset bipolar type I in the 2q14 region (P = 0.0001). Only the early form of the bipolar disorder but not the late form appeared to be linked to this region. This region may therefore include a genetic factor either specifically involved in the early-onset bipolar type I or only influencing the age at onset (AAO). Our findings illustrate that stratification according to AAO may be valuable for the identification of genetic vulnerability polymorphisms. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2010

30. Reproductive technologies and genomic selection in the bovine

Author: HUMBLOT, P., Le Bourhis, Daniel, Fritz, Sébastien, Colleau, J Jacques, Gonzalez, C., Guyader Joly, C., Malafosse, A., Heyman, Yvan, Amigues, Yves, Tissier, M., Ponsart, Claire, R&D, Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Biologie du développement et reproduction (BDR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'Analyse Génétique pour les Espèces Animales (LABOGENA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Union Montbéliarde de Testage (UMOTEST)
Subjects: reproductive technologie, bovine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], marker assisted selection (mas), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, technique de la reproduction, genomic selection
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

31. Gender and genotype modulation of the association between lipid levels and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling elderly (the ESPRIT study)

Author: Jean-Philippe Boulenger, Robert Stewart, Marie-Laure Ancelin, Anne-Marie Dupuy, Isabelle Carrière, Isabelle Chaudieu, Alain Malafosse, Jean-Paul Cristol, Karen Ritchie, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, Institute of Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)-King‘s College London, Département de biochimie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Région languedoc-Roussillon Swiss National Fund for Scientific Research (grant 32-112084 and an unconditional grant from Novartis. This work was supported by a Projet Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC n°2001-14-06r, from the CHRU de Montpellier, Languedoc Roussillon)., ANR-07-LVIE-0004,ESPRIT-VIE,Interaction entre la vulnérabilité génétique, la dysrégulation biologique et le stress dans la dépression du sujet âgé(2007), Villebrun, Dominique, Longévité et vieillissement - Interaction entre la vulnérabilité génétique, la dysrégulation biologique et le stress dans la dépression du sujet âgé - - ESPRIT-VIE2007 - ANR-07-LVIE-0004 - LVIE - VALID, and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Apolipoprotein E, Male, serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR), [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Physiology, Blood lipids, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics, chemistry.chemical_compound, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood/genetics, Longitudinal Studies, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Serotonin transporter, Aged, 80 and over, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, education.field_of_study, biology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Depression, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Cholesterol, HDL/*blood/genetics, gender differences, Low-density lipoprotein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Population, elderly, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, Sex Factors, lipid, Internal medicine, Depressive Disorder/*blood/diagnosis/*genetics, Interview, Psychological, medicine, Humans, education, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Chi-Square Distribution, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Odds ratio, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics, 030227 psychiatry, gene-environment interaction, Endocrinology, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Multivariate Analysis, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Apolipoproteins E/genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Dyslipidemia, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Lipids appear to mediate depressive vulnerability in the elderly; however, sex differences and genetic vulnerability have not been taken into account in previous prospective studies. METHODS: Depression was assessed in a population of 1040 women and 752 men aged 65 years and older at baseline and after 7-year follow-up. Clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having either a score of 16 or higher on the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Lipid levels, apolipoprotein E, and serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-serotonin transporter gene linked promoter region) genotypes were evaluated at baseline. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses adjusted by sociodemographic and behavioral variables, measures of physical health including ischemic pathologies, and genetic vulnerability indicated gender-specific associations between dyslipidemia and DEP, independent of the use of lipid-lowering agents or apolipoprotein E status. Men with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels had twice the risk of prevalent and incident DEP, whereas in women low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found to be significantly associated with increased prevalent DEP (odds ratio = 1.5) only. A significant interaction was observed between low low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and 5-serotonin transporter gene linked promoter region genotype, men with s/s or s/l genotype being at increased risk of DEP (odds ratio = 6.0 and 2.7, respectively). No significant gene-environment interaction was observed for women. CONCLUSIONS: DEP is associated with higher atherogenic risk in women (low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), whereas the reverse is observed in men (low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Late-life depression may have a complex gender-specific etiology involving genetic vulnerability in men.
Published: 2010

32. COMT but not serotonin-related genes modulates the influence of childhood abuse on anger traits

Author: Sébastien Guillaume, Isabelle Jaussent, Nader Perroud, Patrick Baud, Frank Bellivier, Marion Leboyer, Cathryn M. Lewis, Fabrice Jollant, Philippe Courtet, Alain Malafosse, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service de Psychologie Médicale et Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Département Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-GHU Créteil, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College, Département de médecine génétique et développement, Centre médical universitaire, PHRC UF 7653, Swiss National Fund for Scientific Research (grant 320000-112084), and Villebrun, Dominique
Subjects: Male, Candidate gene, trait anger, Neurotic Disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Poison control, sexual abuse, Suicide, Attempted, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Minisatellite Repeats, Anger, MESH: Regression Analysis, MESH: Genotype, Behavioral Neuroscience, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, MESH: Demography, MESH: Child, MESH: Anger, Child Abuse, Child, genes, Child Abuse/*statistics & numerical data, Monoamine Oxidase/genetics, media_common, education.field_of_study, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 16. Peace & justice, Phenotype, Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data, MESH: Amino Acid Substitution, serotonin, Neurology, Catechol O-Methyltransferase/*genetics, behavior and behavior mechanisms, MESH: Suicide, Attempted, Regression Analysis, Female, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, medicine.medical_specialty, Anger/*physiology, MESH: Catechol O-Methyltransferase, MESH: Child Abuse, Sexual, Genotype, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Catechol O-Methyltransferase, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, behavioral disciplines and activities, MESH: Monoamine Oxidase, Article, MESH: Psychotic Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Injury prevention, mental disorders, MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Allele, Psychiatry, education, comt, Monoamine Oxidase, Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data, Demography, MESH: Neurotic Disorders, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, MESH: Humans, Serotonin/*genetics, Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology, Child Abuse, Sexual, MESH: Child Abuse, Neurotic Disorders/epidemiology, MESH: Male, 030227 psychiatry, Sexual abuse, Psychotic Disorders, Amino Acid Substitution, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Minisatellite Repeats, suicidal behaviors, MESH: Serotonin, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Anger-related traits are regulated by genes as well as early environmental factors. Both childhood maltreatment and genes underlie vulnerability to suicidal behaviors, possibly by affecting the constitution of intermediate phenotypes such as anger traits. The aim of this study was to test the interaction between nine candidate genes and childhood maltreatment in modulating anger-related traits in 875 adult suicide attempters. The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were used to examine anger traits and traumatic childhood experiences, respectively. The functional polymorphism of the catecholamine-O-methyl-transferase (COMT) gene Val158Met significantly modulated the association between sexual abuse and anger-trait level (P = 0.001). In the presence of sexual abuse, individuals carrying the Val high-activity allele displayed greater disposition toward anger than individuals homozygous for the Met allele (P = 0.0003). Notably, none of the serotonin-related genes influenced the effect of childhood abuse on anger traits. The results of the present study suggest that anger-trait level is influenced by the interaction between childhood abuse and functional polymorphism in the COMT gene. This study was carried out in a population with a high frequency of childhood abuse and a high disposition toward anger, and replication in healthy subjects is needed.
Published: 2010

33. European collaborative study of early-onset bipolar disorder: Evidence for genetic heterogeneity on 2q14 according to age at onset

Author: Mathieu, Flavie, Dizier, Marie-Hélène, Etain, Bruno, Jamain, Stéphane, Rietschel, Marcella, Maier, Wolfgang, Albus, Margot, Mckeon, Patrick, Roche, Siobhan, Blackwood, Douglas, Muir, Walter, Henry, Chantal, Malafosse, Alain, Preisig, Martin, Ferrero, François, Cichon, Sven, Schumacher, Johannes, Ohlraun, Stephanie, Propping, Peter, Abou Jamra, Rami, Schulze, Thomas, Zelenica, Diana, Charon, Céline, Marusic, Andrej, Dernovsek, Mojca, Gurling, Hugh, Nöthen, Markus, Lathrop, Mark, Leboyer, Marion, Bellivier, Frank, Guellaen, Georges, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Division Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health [Mannheim], Medical Faculty [Mannheim]-Medical Faculty [Mannheim], Department of Psychiatry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, District Hospital Haar, St. Patrick's Hospital, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh-Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Center for Human Genetic Research, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Institute of Human Genetics, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia, University Psychiatric Hospital, Department of psychiatry and behavioural Sciences, Windeyer Institute for Medical Sciences-Royal Free and University College London Medical School, Grant sponsor: INSERM, Grant sponsor: Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Grant sponsor: Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-Project Manage-BP), Grant sponsor: National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), Grant sponsor: Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau (FRC), Grant sponsor: RTRS Santé Mentale (FondaMental), Grant sponsor: National Genomic Network (NGFN) of the German Ministry of Education and Research, Grant sponsor: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 400 Subprojects D1 and D3, Graduiertenkolleg GRK 246, FOR 423 Subproject D1), Grant sponsor: Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung, Grant sponsor: Interuniversity Attraction Poles program P5/19 of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Grant sponsor: German Research Society (Grant Numbers: AL 230-1/2/3-230-5/1/2, SFB 400), Grant sponsor: Aware, Grant sponsor: Health Research Board (Grant Number: H01069 HRB RP153/2000), Grant sponsor: Friends of St. Patrick‟s Hospital, and Grant sponsor: Swiss National Foundation ( Grant Numbers: 32-40677.94, 32-47315.96, 32-061974.00, 32-66793.01, 32-102168.03).
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Bipolar disorder, MESH: Age of Onset, MESH: Genetic Linkage, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, MESH: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, MESH: Genetic Heterogeneity, MESH: Genetic Markers, MESH: Male, genetic heterogeneity, MESH: Genotype, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Young Adult, MESH: Bipolar Disorder, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Europe, MESH: Chromosome Mapping, age at onset, MESH: Data Interpretation, Statistical, MESH: Female, MESH: Genetic Association Studies
Abstract: International audience; Bipolar disorder has a genetic component, but the mode of inheritance remains unclear. A previous genome scan conducted in 70 European families led to detect eight regions linked to bipolar disease. Here, we present an investigation of whether the phenotypic heterogeneity of the disorder corresponds to genetic heterogeneity in these regions using additional markers and an extended sample of families. The MLS statistic was used for linkage analyses. The predivided sample test and the maximum likelihood binomial methods were used to test genetic homogeneity between early-onset bipolar type I (cut-off of 22 years) and other types of the disorder (later onset of bipolar type I and early-onset bipolar type II), using a total of 138 independent bipolar-affected sib-pairs. Analysis of the extended sample of families supports linkage in four regions (2q14, 3p14, 16p23, and 20p12) of the eight regions of linkage suggested by our previous genome scan. Heterogeneity testing revealed genetic heterogeneity between early and late-onset bipolar type I in the 2q14 region (P = 0.0001). Only the early form of the bipolar disorder but not the late form appeared to be linked to this region. This region may therefore include a genetic factor either specifically involved in the early-onset bipolar type I or only influencing the age at onset (AAO). Our findings illustrate that stratification according to AAO may be valuable for the identification of genetic vulnerability polymorphisms. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2010

34. Infinite Matrices Associated with Power Series and Application to Optimization and Matrix Transformations

Author: YASSINE , Adnan, de Malafosse , Bruno, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées du Havre (LMAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées du Havre ( LMAH ), Université Le Havre Normandie ( ULH ), and Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU )
Subjects: [ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [ MATH ] Mathematics [math], boolean infinite matrix, Matrix transformations, TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY, Banach algebra, MathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSIS, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [MATH]Mathematics [math], optimization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this paper we first recall some properties of triangle Toeplitz matrices of the Banach algebra Sr associated with power series. Then for boolean Toeplitz matrices M we explicitly calculate the product MN that gives the number of ways with N arcs associated with M. We compute the matrix BN (i, j), where B (i, j) is an infinite matrix whose the nonzero entries are on the diagonals m − n = i or m − n = j. Next among other things we consider the infinite boolean matrix B+∞ that have infinitely many diagonals with nonzero entries and we explicitly calculate (B+∞)N. Finally we give necessary and sufficient conditions for an infinite matrix M to map c (BN (i, 0)) to c.
Published: 2010

35. Caractérisation phénotypique des vaches laitières portant l'haplotype ' fertil+/+ ' ou ' fertil-/- ' pour un QTL de fertilité femelle situé sur le chromosome 3

Author: Coyral-Castel, Stéphanie, Rame, Christelle, Fabre-Nys, Claude, Monniaux, Danielle, Monget, Philippe, Dupont, Francis, Eggen, Andre, Fritz, Sébastien, Malafosse, Alain, Faverdin, Philippe, Disenhaus, Catherine, Le Mezec, Pascale, Dupont, Joëlle, Institut de l'Elevage, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (UNCEIA/INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Production du lait (PL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UE 1297 Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière (UE PAO), Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: RACE PRIM'HOLSTEIN, FERTIL+/+, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, FERTIL
Abstract: Au cours de ces dernières années, la fertilité des vaches laitières hautes productrices a fortement diminué, notamment en race Prim'Holstein. Cette baisse de fertilité est en partie liée à une intense sélection de la productivité laitière. Des études réalisées par des généticiens ont mis en évidence plusieurs QTLs (Quantitative Trait Locus) de fertilité femelle chez la vache laitière. Nous avons choisi d'étudier des vaches laitières homozygotes à l'haplotype favorable "fertil+/+" ou défavorable "fertil-/-" pour un QTL de fertilité femelle situé sur le chromosome 3 (QTL-Fert-F-BTA3), ce QTL étant impliqué dans les échecs précoces de la gestation. Plusieurs paramètres ont été étudiés sur quarante cinq génisses puis sur quarante et une vaches en première lactation. Nous avons observé que les primipares "fertil-/-" ont perdu plus de poids que les primipares "fertil+/+" dans les sept premières semaines après vêlage. Dans cette même période, la production laitière ainsi que l'ingéré alimentaire des primipares "fertil-/-" ont été inférieurs à ceux des primipares "fertil+/+". Grâce aux profils de progestérone plasmatique, nous avons constaté que les animaux "fertil+/+" ont repris leur activité ovarienne plus vite que les animaux "fertil-/-" après le vêlage. Nous avons enfin constaté un meilleur taux de réussite à la première insémination artificielle pour les animaux "fertil+/+" que pour les animaux "fertil-/-". La perte de poids après vêlage plus importante chez les animaux "fertil-/-" pourrait expliquer un allongement de l'inactivité ovarienne post-partum et une fertilité plus faible chez ces animaux par rapport aux animaux "fertil+/+".
Published: 2009

36. Characterization of dairy cows carrying 'fertil+/+' or 'fertil-/-' haplotype for one QTL of female fertility located on the chromosome 3

Author: Coyral-Castel, Stéphanie, Rame, Christelle, Fabre-Nys, Claude, Monniaux, Danielle, Monget, Philippe, Dupont, Francis, Eggen, Andre, Fritz, S., Malafosse, A., Faverdin, Philippe, Disenhaus, Catherine, Le Mézec, P., Dupont, Joëlle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Production du lait (PL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Département Génétique, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE 1297 Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière (UE PAO), Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Institut de l'Elevage, AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: PRIM'HOLSTEIN, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], FERTIL, FERTIL +/+
Abstract: absent
Published: 2009

37. Écrasement d'un film liquide entre deux plans parallèles : adhérence ou glissement aux parois ?

Author: Michel Querry, Marie-Hélène Meurisse, Jeanne Malafosse, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mechanical Engineering, [PHYS.MECA.GEME]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: La condition de non-glissement aux parois constitue une condition aux limites satisfaisante dans la plupart des modeles theoriques de mecanique des fluides et en theorie de la lubrification. Neanmoins la mise en evidence experimentale de glissement aux parois a conduit a remettre cette hypothese en question de plus en plus frequemment lors de la derniere decennie. Des travaux theoriques prospectifs visent actuellement a optimiser la portance et minimiser le frottement en jouant sur des alternances de zones de glissement et de non-glissement. Le glissement aux parois est frequemment introduit dans les modeles theoriques au travers de la condition de Navier, qui stipule que la vitesse de glissement est proportionnelle au taux de cisaillement parietal, le facteur de proportionnalite etant nomme longueur de glissement. Les longueurs de glissement signalees dans la litterature vont de l’echelle moleculaire lors d’experiences de physique realisees dans des conditions microgeometriques et physicochimiques tres controlees, jusqu’a l’ordre de grandeur de l’epaisseur de l’ecoulement dans des essais de type mecanique des fluides ou lubrification. L’etude presentee consiste a solliciter en ecrasement un film d’eau entre les plateaux circulaires d’un rheometre plan/plan a deformation imposee et a mesurer la force de reaction normale du film. Les resultats experimentaux tendent a remettre en question la condition de non glissement dans les contacts conformes sollicites en ecrasement, et par consequence egalement les previsions theoriques de coefficients d’amortissement dans les mecanismes lubrifies fonctionnant en regime hydrodynamique. Les longueurs de glissement apparent obtenues depassent largement l’ordre de grandeur de l’epaisseur de film.
Published: 2009

38. Somatic markers and explicit knowledge are both involved in decision-making

Author: Guillaume, Sébastien, Jollant, Fabrice, Jaussent, Isabelle, Lawrence, Natalia, Malafosse, Alain, Courtet, Philippe, Villebrun, Dominique, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Urgence et post-urgence psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Wales Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, and Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
Subjects: MESH: Aged, MESH: Decision Making, learning, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH: Questionnaires, Iowa Gambling Task, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH: Adult, decision-making, MESH: Male, MESH: Psychophysics, MESH: Reaction Time, MESH: Games, Experimental, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Analysis of Variance, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, explicit Knowledge, somatic marker hypothesis, MESH: Galvanic Skin Response, MESH: Knowledge, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, MESH: Problem Solving, MESH: Emotions
Abstract: International audience; In 1994, it was proposed that decision-making requires emotion-related signals, known as somatic markers. In contrast, some authors argued that conscious knowledge of contingencies is sufficient for advantageous decision-making. We aimed to investigate the respective roles of somatic markers and explicit knowledge in decision-making. Thirty healthy volunteers performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Conscious knowledge was assessed using a sensitive questionnaire and skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded. Most participants acquired a preference for advantageous choices during the task and generated larger anticipatory SCRs before disadvantageous relative to advantageous choices. Performance on the IGT and the autonomic response were positively correlated (r=0.38, p=0.045). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in performance according to conscious awareness (p=0.009). There was no significant association between level of explicit knowledge and SCR (p=0.1). Finally, we did not find any interaction between explicit knowledge and performance although a lack of statistical power is not to be excluded. Advantageous decision-making therefore seems to be associated with two distinct, namely implicit and explicit, systems.
Published: 2009

39. Intérêt du typage des embryons dans un programme de sélection assistée par marqueurs en bovins laitiers

Author: Colleau, J Jacques, FRITZ, Sebastien, PONSART, C., LE BOURHIS, D., LACAZE, S., TISSIER, M., MERVANT, G., AMIGUES, Y., DRUET, Tom, MALAFOSSE, A., Boichard, Didier, HUMBLOT, P., Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: bovin laitier, embryon, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DAIRY CATTLE, EMBRYO, MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, sélection assistée par marqueurs
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2008

40. Squeezing a liquid film between two parallel plates: adherence or wall slip?

Author: Meurisse, Marie-Hélène, Querry, Michel, Malafosse, Jeanne, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Colin, Anne-Marie
Published: 2008

41. The experience of the French bovine genetic disease observatory

Author: Eggen, Andre, Manciaux, L., Floriot, Sandrine, Malafosse, A., Ducos, A., Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: CONGENITAL ABNORMALITY, ATRESIE DU COLON, OBSERVATORY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HYPOPLASIA, CATTLE, OBSERVATOIRE DES ANOMALIES, ATRESIA COLI
Published: 2008

42. Présentation du programme français de sélection assistée par marqueurs chez les bovins laitiers

Author: Sebastien Fritz, François Guillaume, Tarrès, J., mekki boussaha, Malafosse, A., Marie Yvonne Boscher, Mathieu Gautier, Jacques Colleau, J., Andre Eggen, Didier Boichard, Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC), and Laboratoire d'Analyse Génétique pour les Espèces Animales (LABOGENA)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DAIRY CATTLE, MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION
Published: 2008

43. L'observatoire national des anomalies bovines : objectifs, actions mises en uvre et premiers résultats

Author: Ducos, A., Manciaux, L., Malafosse, A., Eggen, Andre, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CATTLE, MONITORING, GENETIC ABNORMALITIES
Published: 2008

44. Teneur en lipides du muscle et adiposité des carcasses en races bovines à viande : variabilité génétique et effets de marqueurs dans les gènes DGAT1 et Thyroglobuline

Author: Renand, Gilles, Bonnot, Aline, Levéziel, Hubert, Duprat, Nathalie, Malafosse, A., Hocquette, Jean-François, Lepetit, Jacques, Rousset, Sylvie, Denoyelle, C., Dodelin, V., Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UMR GMA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UGMA), Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de l'Elevage, Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée ( SGQA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale ( UGMA ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Qualité des Produits Animaux ( QUAPA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), and Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: absent
Published: 2007

45. Qualvigene Program: Detection and validation of genes involved in the beef meat quality in the 3 major beef breeds in France

Author: Renand, Gilles, Malafosse, A., Denoyelle, C., Bernard, C., Levéziel, Hubert, Hocquette, Jean-François, Lepetit, Jacques, Rousset, Sylvie, Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Selection Units of Charolais, Limousin and Blonde d'Aquitaine breeds, Institut de l'Elevage, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UGMA), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée ( SGQA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale ( UGMA ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Qualité des Produits Animaux ( QUAPA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UMR GMA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), and Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GENOMIQUE
Abstract: Qualvigene; absent
Published: 2007

46. Bilan du programme de Sélection Assistée par Marqueurs dans les trois principales races bovines laitières françaises et perspectives d'évolution

Author: FRITZ, Sebastien, DRUET, Tom, GUILLAUME, Francois, MALAFOSSE, A., BOSCHER, M.Y., Eggen, Andre, GAUTIER, Mathieu, Colleau, J Jacques, Boichard, Didier, Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC)
Subjects: CATTLE, MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION, bovin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, sélection assistée par marqueurs
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2007

47. Genetic determinism and metabolic study of the problems of fertility of the high producing dairy cows

Author: Dupont, Joëlle, Eggen, Andre, Faverdin, Philippe, Malafosse, A., Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Production du lait (PL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], GENETIQUE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2007

48. QUALVIGENE : detection and validation of genes involved in the beef meat quality in the 3 major beef breeds in France

Author: Malafosse, A., Renand, Gilles, Donoyelle, C., Bernard, C., Levéziel, Hubert, Hocquette, Jean-François, Lepetit, Jacques, Rousset, S., Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UMR GMA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MEAT QUALITY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CATTLE, QUALITE DE VIANDE
Published: 2007

49. Markers in DGAT1 and TG genes are not associated with intramuscular lipid content in the french beef breeds

Author: Renand, Gilles, Duprat, Nathalie, Levéziel, Hubert, Denoyelle, C., Hocquette, Jean-François, Lepetit, Jacques, Rousset, Sylvie, Dodelin, V., Malafosse, A., Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UGMA), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Analyses et Technologies des Viandes, Institut de l'Elevage, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Service Sélection, Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UMR GMA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Institut de l'élevage - site de Villers Bocage, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée ( SGQA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale ( UGMA ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Qualité des Produits Animaux ( QUAPA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), and Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], MARKER, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], INTRAMUSCULAR LIPIDS, TG, BEEF, DGAT1
Abstract: absent
Published: 2007

50. La révolution génomique au service de la filière viande bovine

Author: Jean-François Hocquette, A. Malafosse, Hubert Levéziel, Gilles Renand, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UGMA), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Union Nationale des Coopératives Agricoles d'Elevage et d'Insémination Animale, Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale (UMR GMA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Union nationale des coopératives d’élevage et d’insémination animale (UNCEIA), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale ( UGMA ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée ( SGQA ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )
Subjects: Marbled meat, Genomics, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biology, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, medicine, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, 0402 animal and dairy science, [SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Food safety, 040401 food science, 040201 dairy & animal science, Breed, GENOMIQUE, Biotechnology, Tenderness, Genetic marker, FILIÈRE VIANDE BOVINE, Animal Science and Zoology, Identification (biology), [ SDV.SA.AEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, DNA microarray, medicine.symptom, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: Genomics has brought with it a true biological revolution and has a great number of potential applications in all areas of life sciences. In animal sciences, it will become possible to improve the production of milk or meat according to consumer demands. Concerning food safety, molecular tools have already been commercialized for the detection of contaminants in meat. Genetic markers i.e. DNA markers, have also been marketed to detect the origins of individual bovine animals and their breed. For the genetic selection of cattle, DNA markers likely to be employed for the selection of tenderness or marbling traits of beef have been patented by Australian scientists. Several ongoing projects in France, Europe and the USA aim at studying the relevance of these markers and finding new ones. In muscle biology, tracking gene expression with DNA chips or by physically separating the expressed proteins has led to the identification of genes that play an important role in muscle development. These genes could in turn serve as new biological markers for tenderness, marbling or rearing practices. Large-scale projects both publicly and privately funded, in Europe, the South Sea Islands, and especially in North America aim at exploiting to a maximum new advances in genomics in favour of beef production.
Published: 2007

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